• 제목/요약/키워드: inventory check

검색결과 70건 처리시간 0.028초

상향식 자료를 이용한 온실가스 인벤토리의 품질 개선 방향 - 화학, 금속 분야를 중심으로 - (Quality Improvement of Greenhouse Gas Inventories by the Use of Bottom-Up Data)

  • 최은화;신은섭;이승묵
    • 한국대기환경학회지
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    • 제30권2호
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    • pp.161-174
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    • 2014
  • The methodology report '2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories' shows higher tier method can be a good practice, which uses country-specific or plant-specific data when calculating greenhouse gas emissions by country. We review the methodology report to present principles of using plant-level data and also examine examples of using plant-level data in chemical and metal industry in 20 countries for the purpose of quality improvement of national greenhouse gas inventories. We propose that Korea consider utilizing plant-level data, as reported according to 'Greenhouse gas and Energy Target Management Scheme', in the following order as a preference. First, the data can be utilized for quality control of Korea's own parameters, when Tier 2 method is adopted and bottom-up approach is not applicable. Second, both plant-level data and IPCC default data can be used together, combining Tier 1 method with Tier 3 method. Third, we can also use acquired plant-level data and country specific parameters, combining Tier 2 method with Tier 3 method. Fourth, if the plant-level data involves all categories of emissions and the data is proven to be representative, we can apply Tier 3 method. In this case, we still need to examine the data to check its reliability by a consistent framework, including appropriate quality control.

Risk Factors of the Masticatory Function in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study

  • Kim, Keon-Hyung;Park, Jo-Eun;Kim, Mee-Eun;Kim, Hye-Kyoung
    • Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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    • 제44권3호
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    • pp.92-102
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    • 2019
  • Purpose: To investigate the masticatory function of patients with different temporomandibular disorders (TMD) phenotypes, and to explore the risk factors for the masticatory function of TMD patients among multiple biopsychosocial variables using patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Methods: Clinical features and TMD diagnoses of 250 cases were investigated by reviewing medical records. Psychosocial factors were evaluated using four questionnaires representing pain severity and pain interference (Brief Pain Inventory), pain catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale, PCS), psychological distress (Symptom Check List-90-Revised, SCL-90R) and kinesiophobia (Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia for Temporomandibular Disorders, TSK-TMD). Masticatory function, as a dependent variable, was determined using the Jaw Functional Limitation Scale (JFLS). Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman's rank correlation were used for analyses. Results: A total of 145 cases were included and classified into four subgroups including group 1: TMD with internal derangement without pain (n=14), group 2: TMD with muscle pain (n=32), group 3: TMD with joint pain (n=60) and group 4: TMD with muscle-joint combined pain (n=39). Pain severity (p=0.001) and interference (p=0.022) were the highest in group 2, but the mean global score of JFLS was the highest in group 3, followed by group 4, group 2, and group 1 (p=0.013). Pain severity, pain interference, the mean global score of PCS and the mean global score of TSK-TMD showed significant and moderate correlation with the mean global score of JFLS. All subdimensions and the global severity index of SCL-90R had significant, but weak correlations with all scores of JFLS. Conclusions: The results suggest that masticatory functional limitation depends on the TMD phenotypes. Among the various PROs, pain perception, pain catastrophizing and kinesiophobia seem to be more influential risk factors on jaw function than psychological distress, such as depression and anxiety.

Comparison of the Biopsychosocial Features of Myofascial Pain to Local Myalgia in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders

  • Choi, Hee Hun;Kim, Mee-Eun;Kim, Hye-Kyoung
    • Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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    • 제47권3호
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    • pp.117-125
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    • 2022
  • Purpose: This study aimed to investigate whether and how the biopsychosocial features of myofascial pain (MFP) differ from those of local myalgia (LM) in temporomandibular disorder (TMD). Methods: Patients with TMD were retrospectively evaluated using the Diagnostic Criteria for TMD. All patients completed a series of self-administered questionnaires on pain severity and pain interference (Brief Pain Inventory, BPI), pain disability (Graded Chronic Pain Scale, GCPS), psychological distress (Symptom Check List-90-Revised, SCL-90R), pain cognition (Pain Catastrophizing Scale, PCS), and subjective sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI). Among all the TMD diagnoses, muscle pain was classified into the MFP group and LM group. Results: This study included 917 patients with myalgia (MFP: 266, LM: 651). Significant differences were observed in the female ratio (78.9% for MFP, 60.9% for LM, p<0.001) and the mean pain duration (MFP: 25.3 months, LM: 15.8 months, p=0.001) between the two groups. Patients with MFP exhibited higher pain severity (p=0.003) and pain interference (p<0.001) of BPI than those with LM. Furthermore, the global scores of the PCS (p<0.001) and PSQI (p<0.001) were higher in the MFP group than in the LM group. The MFP group had higher global symptom index (p=0.017) and five subscales of the SCL-90R than the LM group. Compared with the LM group (33.4%), the greater proportion of high disability of GCPS was observed in the MFP group (44.9%) (p<0.001). Multiple regression analysis revealed that sex (p=0.002), pain duration (p=0.019), pain disability (p=0.010), and subjective sleep quality (p=0.008) significantly differed between the two groups. Conclusions: The findings of this study indicated that MFP presents a higher biopsychosocial burden than LM in TMD.

경기도 일개 종합병원에서 혈액제제 출고 현황 (Status of Blood Products Release at a General Hospital in Gyeonggi-Do)

  • 최호근;최경숙
    • 대한임상검사과학회지
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    • 제54권1호
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    • pp.73-77
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    • 2022
  • 혈액제제(BPs)는 한정적인 자원이다. 혈액제제는 가장 적절하게 사용되어야 하지만 근거 기반 없이 무분별하게 사용되고 있는 것이 사실이다. 본 연구는 헤모글로빈 수치를 기준으로 혈액제제의 사용 적절성을 평가하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 2020년 11월 1일부터 2021년 10월 31일까지 병원에서 수행된 혈액 공급 데이터는 병원의 디지털 종합의료정보시스템을 활용하였다. 총 제공 건수는 21,303건이었고, 진료과별로 사용하는 농축적혈구제제의 공급 중 헤모글로빈 수치(>7.0 g/dL)의 경우는 1,173건으로 나타났다. 수혈의 오남용은 사회적 비용을 증가시키고, 수혈의 적절성은 더욱 중요해지고 있어, 각 의료기관은 수혈지침 평가지표를 검토하고, 수혈지침의 혈액제제 방출 현황 및 수혈지침의 교육프로그램을 점검하여 적절성을 평가해야 할 것으로 사료된다.

손마사지가 폐엽 절제술 환자의 흉관 제거시 통증과 불안에 미치는 영향 (The Effect of Hand Massage on Pain and Anxiety Related to Chest Tube Removal in Patients with a Lobectomy)

  • 송영숙
    • 기본간호학회지
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    • 제9권1호
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    • pp.27-44
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    • 2002
  • The main purpose of this study was to identify the effect of hand massage on pain and anxiety related to chest tube removal in patients with a lobectomy. The research design of this study was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. Of the twenty nine adult subjects, fourteen were assigned to the experimental group and fifteen to the control group. The data were obtained over 3 months from a medical center in Seoul. The instruments used to assess trait state anxiety was the Spielberger Trait-State anxiety Inventory. For pain and psychological anxiety. The Visual Analogue Scale was used. Hiko analogue sphygmo-manometer(2001) was used to check blood pressure and pulse rate as indicators of physiological anxiety Subjects in the experimental group received hand massage for 5 minutes just before chest tube was removed, and subjects assigned to the control group did not receive hand massage. Data were analysed with $x^2$-test and Mann-Whitney U test using the SPSSWIN 10.0 program. The results of the study are as follows : 1. Hypothesis 1: 'there will be a significant difference between two groups in the level of pain after chest tube removal' was supported (u = 23.00, p < 0.001). 2. Hypothesis 2: 'there will be a significant difference between the two groups in the level of psychological anxiety after chest tube removal' was supported (u = 3.00, p < 0.001). 3. Hypothesis 3: 'there will be a significant difference between the two groups in physiological anxiety(systolic, diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate) after chest tube removal' was supported(u =55.50, p = 0.01 ; u = 41.50, p = 0.01 ; u = 20.50, p < 0.001, relatively). The findings of this study indicate that hand massage is effective for pain and anxiety related to chest tube removal in patients with lobectomy. Therefore, hand massage is recommended as an effective nursing intervention for relieving pain and anxiety in patients undergoing chest tube removal. Further research is needed to identify the proper duration and timing to achieve the optimal effect of hand massage. A larger subject population is required to apply the current findings to the general population. Further research is also needed to assess the effects of hand massage in other patient subsets. Finally, it would be interesting to see if the effects of hand massaging would be attenuated when performed by a non-medical specialist.

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공급사슬관리의 예측전략과 지연전략 선택을 위한 프로파일링 접근법 (Profiling Approach for the Choice between Speculation and Postponement Strategy in Supply Chain Management)

  • 강성욱;김규배
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제12권4호
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    • pp.47-54
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    • 2014
  • Purpose - The postponement strategy, which delays the form, place, and production of products as late as possible, has been widely considered as a competitive supply chain management scheme in an era of mass customization and modular manufacturing. An interesting business phenomenon is that not all manufacturing/logistics firms choose the postponement strategy. Given that postponement is a counter-measure to speculation, which has some advantages under certain environments, the current imprudent inclination toward the postponement strategy may cause firms to lose the potential of the speculation strategy, an alternative strategy in supply chain management. Building on the logistics and manufacturing literature, this study examines characteristics of two contrasting strategies, postponement and speculation, and major factors favoring each strategy. Research design, data, and methodology - We apply the profiling approach to two business cases, HP printer and LG mobile phone. The profiling approach is a method of choosing a particular strategy aligned with environmental factors. While various approaches have been used to check the fit between a business strategy and environmental factors, the literature on manufacturing strategy and logistics has commonly adopted the profiling approach. Major factors used in profiling variables are derived from the literature. Two samples, HP printer and LG mobile phone, are selected, because they represent major characteristics appropriate for each strategy. The profiling is based on data from semi-organized interviews with managers. Results - The profiling approach shows that the postponement strategy is a suitable one for HP printers. Most factors, such as product life cycle, large production volume, low-price, product value, and monetary density, support delaying end products until as late as possible. Despite some exceptions, such as delivery time and economy of scale, our analysis states that the overall profile of HP printer is favorable for the postponement strategy. On the other hand, LG mobile phone may adapt the speculation strategy. Although it has large production volume and low delivery frequency, most characteristics support the speculation strategy for this product. An interesting finding is that, despite common perception that advanced technology products such as mobile telephones favor the postponement strategy, profiling proposes the speculation strategy for this product. Conclusions - Our analysis shows that speculation is not the universal option for supply chain management, and that, when choosing a specific strategy, one should consider many factors simultaneously. A major implication of our work is to emphasize the role of environmental factors such as supply chain variables in choosing an inventory strategy, and the importance of fit rather than solely strategic orientation. A theoretical contribution is to demonstrate the benefit of the simultaneous consideration of business variables in choosing specific strategies. For practitioners, our work leads us to consider the existence and the potential of speculation as a counter-measure to postponement. In addition, the comprehensive framework in this research may be instantly used in examining a practical strategy.

경호경비산업의 발전을 위한 사회연결망서비스 활용전략 (The Strategies for the Development of the Security Industry Utilzing Social Network Services)

  • 김두한;김은정
    • 시큐리티연구
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    • 제46호
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    • pp.7-30
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    • 2016
  • 이 연구는 플랫폼 비즈니스 모델에 기반을 둔 사회연결망서비스를 활용하여 경호경비산업을 활성화하기 위한 전략을 규명하기 위하여 본 조사에서 심층면담과 IPA 분석 기법을 활용하여 규명된 전략의 방향성과 실제 구체화 할 수 있는 전략적 내용 및 개선과제를 확인하고자 하였다. 심층면담을 통하여 규명된 경호경비산업의 미래에 필요한 전략적 개선과제는 모두 11개 항목으로 나타났다. 각각의 개선과제는 3가지의 영역으로 범주화 할 수 있었다. 3영역 11개 항목을 IPA 분석을 통하여 중요도 및 실행가능성을 설명하였다. 첫째, 우선적으로 실행이 필요한 영역은 민간 중심 지역사회 치안관련 포털 사이트 개발 및 운영, 보편적 사회연결망서비스(소셜네트워크서비스: SNS) 활용 확대, IT기반의 보안콘텐츠 관리 및 운용 전문인력 양성, IT기반의 경호경비산업 종사자 교육 콘텐츠 개발, 온라인 경호경비산업 종사자 보수교육 프로그램 개발 및 확충 등 5개의 항목이었다. 둘째, 역량 재고를 통해 효과성을 높여야하는 영역은 공개형 경비보안 공공 종합정보시스템 구축에 관한 1개의 항목이었다. 셋째, 재검토가 필요한 영역은 개별 경호경비산업 종사자 전문인력 정보 채널 운영, 사설 경호경비 서비스업체의 고객전용 서비스 및 이벤트 확충 등 2개의 항목이었다. 넷째, 효과성이 미흡한 영역은 사회연결망서비스의 활용확대를 위한 제도 개선, 지역사회 치안용 폐쇄형 카메라 정보의 공유 방안 논의, 사설기업 사회연결망서비스(소셜네트워크서비스: SNS) 개발 등 3개의 항목이었다. 규명된 전략적 과제들의 특성에 따른 분류 및 실행의 정도는 향후 경호경비산업의 환경 변화에 따라 달라질 수 있음을 인지할 필요가 있을 것이다.

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노인여성의 수면의 질에 관련된 요인 (Factors related to the Quality of Sleep in the Elderly Women)

  • 김영희;한진숙
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제12권10호
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    • pp.4467-4474
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    • 2011
  • 본 연구는 노인여성의 수면의 질 영향요인을 확인하기 위해 실시된 연구로 지역사회 거주 60세 이상 노인여성 198명을 대상으로 연구가 시행되었다. 연구도구로 수면의 질 도구는 Buysse등(1989)이 개발한 PSQI(Pittsburgh sleep quality index), 요실금은 Jackson 등(1996)에 의해 개발된 배뇨증상 도구가 사용되었고, 개별면접을 통하여 자료 수집 하였으며, 수집된 자료는 SPSS ver. 18.0을 이용하여 통계처리를 하였다. 연구결과 노인여성의 수면의 질 PSQI 점수는 $7.09{\pm}4.29$점이었으며, 67.7%이 수면 장애를 겪고 있었다. PSQI의 하위영역에서 주관적인 수면의 질, 수면잠재기, 수면방해에서 수면의 질이 낮았고, 반면 습관적인 수면의 효율성, 수면제 등과 같은 약물 복용, 낮 동안의 기능장애는 상대적으로 경미한 것으로 나타났다. 노인여성의 교육정도, 경제상태, 주관적 건강상태, 가족관계, 규칙적인 운동 등에 따라 수면의 질에 차이가 있었고, 연령, 종교, 직업, 커피섭취 등은 수면의 질에 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 연구대상자의 수면의 질 척도 PSQI와 요실금은 순상관관계가 있었고(r=.51, p=.000), PSQI의 하위영역 중 수면방해 요인과 요실금의 상관성이 가장 높았다(r=.465, p=.001). 마지막으로 수면의 질에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 통계적으로 유의하게 나타난 변수는 요실금과 주관적 건강상태이었고 이들 변수의 설명력은 31%이었다.

농촌지역을 위한 관리지역 세분기준의 개선방안 - 경북 청송군을 사례로 - (Some Suggestions to Improve the Criteria for Subdividing the Management Zone in a Rural Area - A Case Study of Cheongsong-gun, Gyeongbuk -)

  • 정현태;전병운
    • 한국지리정보학회지
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.52-63
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    • 2012
  • 본 연구는 농촌지역인 경북 청송군을 사례로 지방자치단체에서 자체적으로 적용한 관리지역 세분기준의 문제점을 실증적으로 분석하고 그 개선방안을 제안하고자 한다. 먼저, 도시관리계획 수립지침상의 세분기준과 청송군 세분기준을 비교하였다. 다음으로 지리정보시스템(GIS)을 이용하여 토지적성평가의 결과와 관리지역 세분결과를 비교하였고, 용도지역의 현황분석과 면적 비교를 통해 공간배치에 있어서 인근 용도지역과의 관련성도 검토하였다. 마지막으로 지도분석과 현장조사를 통해 실제 주변 토지이용상황과의 관련성을 검토하였으며, 민원인과 면담을 통해 관리지역 세분에 따른 민원사례를 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 용도지역의 불완전한 정형화, 개발가능여부에 대한 판단기준의 미비, 관련부서의 편향적인 협의의견 등과 같은 청송군 관리지역 세분기준의 문제점을 도출하였고 이들에 대한 실증적 개선방안을 제시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 농촌지역의 올바른 관리지역 세분방향을 제시하는데 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

세월호 참사 후 희생자 부모의 건강상태 변화 (Longitudinal Change in Health Status after the Sewol Ferry Accident among Bereaved Parents)

  • 양상은;태혜진;황지현;채정호
    • 대한불안의학회지
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    • 제14권1호
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    • pp.44-52
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    • 2018
  • Objective : The present study had examined the psychiatric symptoms and physical health consequences for the bereaved parents of the high school students who died in the 2014 Sewol ferry accident. Methods : Forty bereaved parents participated in the study. The authors administered self-report questionnaires about the parents' health behaviors and psychiatric symptoms. The authors also conducted laboratory tests to assess the parents' physical health at 18 and 30 months after the accident. Univariate descriptive statistics were performed to report the prevalence and severity of psychiatric symptoms and health-related behaviors. Paired t-test and Mcnemar test were performed to compare the 18-and 30-month findings. Correlation analysis between psychiatric symptoms and laboratory findings were performed to find a relationship between the two variables. Results : At 30 months after the accident, most of the bereaved parents still appeared to suffer from complicated grief (97.5%), post traumatic stress disorder (80%), insomnia (77.5%) and severe depression (62.5%) based on the scores on the Inventory of Complicated Grief (ICG), the PTSD Check List-5 (PCL-5), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). One quarter of the bereaved parents reported high-risk drinking, and 47.5% reported increased drinking amount and frequency after the accident. In objective laboratory results, 55% of the bereaved parents were obese as defined by body mass index ${\geq}25$. The parents' mean low-density lipoprotein shows a significant increase over time (118.5 mg/dL at 18 months. vs. 132.5 mg/dL at 30 months. paired t-test t=-4.061, $$p{\leq_-}0.001$$). Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein at 30 months after the accident were in clinically borderline high range. In correlation analysis, triglyceride was positively correlated with ISI. Conclusion : The loss of children in the Sewol ferry accident, a disaster caused by human error, continued to have considerable impact on the victims' parents' mental and physical health 18 and 30 months after the accident. A longitudinal study following the parents' physical health would be necessary to investigate the long-term effects of this traumatic experience on physical health.