• 보건의료산업학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.67-77
• /
• 2016

Objectives : This study was to test the influencing effects of calling, work value, and organizational commitment on turnover intention in hospital nurses. Methods : Two-hundred sixty hospital nurses were recruited in B city, South Korea. They were asked to complete a questionnaire, and 251 data sets were included in the multiple regression analysis. Results : Subjects had more extrinsic work value rather than intrinsic and a low calling level. There were significant correlations among transcendent summons, purpose/meaningfulness, pro-social intentions, intrinsic work value, and organizational commitment. Influencing factors of turnover intention were purpose/meaningfulness (t=-2.170, p=.031) and organizational commitment (t=-7.824, p<.001). The model was statistically significant explaining 27.8% of the variance (F=47.550, p<.001). Conclusions : Nurses showed a weak sense of calling and their work value leaned towards the extrinsic domain. Therefore, nurse managers should support a plan that enhances the calling and intrinsic work value of nurses to get them to commit to their organization and subsequently, reduce the turnover rate.

• 대한의생명과학회지
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.280-283
• /
• 2013

Leuconostoc spp. is intrinsically resistant against vancomycin and rarely causes the infection in immunocompromised patients. In this report, we describe a fatal case of Leuconostoc lactis bacteremia in a patient with biliary tract stent insertion to resolve the biliary tract obstruction by multiple pseudocysts in the pancreatic head region. Leuconostic lactis isolated from the blood of the patients was confirmed by 16S rRNA sequencing and this isolate was susceptible against most antibiotics, including levofloxacin, penicillin, erythromycin and cefotaxime except vancomycin. The septic shock and multi-organ failure was abruptly progressed due to delayed use of adequate antibiotic. Using vancomycin as the empirical antibiotics in a bacteremic patient by Gram positive cocci, the treatment failures by the isolates with intrinsic resistance against vancomycin have to be considered. In addition, the prompt and accurate identification of Leuconostoc spp. are very important to select the adequate antibiotics.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 1987년도 정기총회 및 창립40주년기념 학술대회 학회본부
• /
• pp.267-271
• /
• 1987

The test cell for preventing the edge effect reducing the intrinsic breakdown strength of polypropylene film and measuring the intrinsic breakdown strength of the film was developed. The new approach was to develope an electrode system with an edge region which is carefully graded over an extended distance. The new test arrangement employed a central circular electrode at high voltage and a set of nine concentric surrounding rings each controlled in potential by external grading resistors to be at decreasing potentials from that at the center in 10% increments. Two different size structures using the same basic principle were tried and were both found to be successful. The test electrodes were manufactured using standard printed circuit technology and were chosen to be copper on high dielectric constant GIO board.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2017

Two different fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)-coated glass substrates were investigated to find better suitability for CdTe solar cells. Substrate A consisted of FTO (300 nm)/$SiO_2$ (24 nm)/intrinsic $SnO_2$ (30 nm)/borosilicate glass (2.2 mm), and substrate B consisted of FTO (700 nm)/intrinsic $SnO_2$ (30nm)/borosilicate glass (1.8 mm). The overall thickness of the FTO/glass substrates was about 2.5 mm. The total light transmittance of substrate B was much higher than that of substrate A throughout the whole spectral region, even though the thickness of the FTO in substrate B was twice larger than that of the FTO in the substrate A. The short-circuit current greatly increased in substrate B and the external quantum efficiency (EQE) increased over the whole wavelength range. This study shows that the diffuse optical transmittance played a key role in the large EQE value in the blue wavelength region, and the direct transmittance played a key role in the large EQE value in the red wavelength region. The higher transmittance is due to the rough surface generated by the thicker FTO on glass. The conversion efficiency of the CdTe solar cell increased from 12.4 to 15.1% in combination of rough FTO substrate and Cu solution back contact.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.11-18
• /
• 1996

The variation of electrical conductively and Seebeck coefficient of FeSi2 according to the density of the specimen has been observed over the temperature range 50 to $700^{\circ}C$. A conventional pressureless sintering method with various sintering time (0, 0.5, 1, 5h) at $1190^{\circ}C$ and/or various sintering temperatures(1160, 1175, 1190, $1200^{\circ}C$) for 2 h was carried out to prepare $FeSi_2$ specimens having various densities. The relationship between the electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient was investigated after two steps of annealing (at $865^{\circ}C$ and then $800^{\circ}C$ for total 160h) and thermoelectric measurement. The electrical conductivity for the specimens showed a typical tendency of semiconductor, the average activation energy of which in the intrinsic region (above $300^{\circ}C$) was observed approximately as 0.452 eV, and increased slightly with density. On the other hand, the specimen of the lower density showed the higher value of Seebeck coefficient in the intrinsic region. As the temperature fell into the non-degenerate region, the highly densified specimen which had relatively little residual metal phase showed the higher value of Seeback coefficient. The power factor of all specimens showed the optimum value at $200^{\circ}C$. However, the power factor of the specimen of the lower density increased again from $400^{\circ}C$ and that of the higher dense specimen increased from $500^{\circ}C$. The power factor was more affected by Seebeck coefficient than electrical conductivity over all temperature range.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.17-20
• /
• 2003

The current drive in an MOSFET is limited by the intrinsic channel resistance. All the other parasitic elements in a device structure playa significant role and degrade the device performance. These other resistances need to be less than 10%-20% of the channel resistance. To achieve the requirements, we should investigate a methodology of separation and quantification of those resistances. In this paper, we developed the extraction method of resistances using calibrated TCAD simulation. The resistance of the extension region is also partially determined by the formation of a surface accumulation region that forms under the gate in the tail region of the extension profile.

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제36권12호
• /
• pp.1335-1341
• /
• 1999

The electrical conductivity ($\sigma$) of TiO2 doped with 0.05-4.0mol% Nb2O5 was measured in the oxygen partial pressure range of 10-17 to 100 atm and temperature range of 1100 to 130$0^{\circ}C$ to investigate the electrical properties and defect types. The oxygen partial pressure dependence of the electrical conductivity (log$\sigma$/logPo2) above 110$0^{\circ}C$ was divided into the four regions. From these experimental results the following defect regions were proposed ; 1) Magneli phase(extended defect) 2) reduced rutile region where intrinsic defect predominates 3) nearly stoichiometric region which is independent on the oxygen partical pressure and 4) overstoichiometric region which is not observed in pure TiO2 The electrical conductivity of Nb-doped TiO2 depended on the doping content the oxygen partial pressure and the measuring tem-perature.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.215-224
• /
• 1987

0.35. 0.75 및 1.25mol% $MgO-TiO_2$계의 전기전도도가 $600{\sim}1100^{\circ}C$ 및 $10^{-8}{\sim}10^{-1}$ atm의 산소분압하에서 측정되었다. 일정한 산소분압하에서 $log{\sigma}$ vs. 1/T은 두 온도구간에서 직선관계를 보였으며 직선의 기울기로 부터 계산된 활성화에너지는 본성 영역과 외성 영역에서 각각 1.94eV 및 0.48eV이다. $log\;{\sigma}$ vs log $Po_2$는 본성 영역에서 ${\sigma}\;{\alpha}\;$Po_2^{-1/6}$이며 외성 영역에서 ${\sigma}\;{\alpha}\;$Po_2^{-1/4}$이다. 이 계의 결함구조는 외성 영역에서 $V\"{o}$이며 본성 영역에서 $Ti^3$.로 제안되었다. 특히 외성 영역에서 polaron model이 ${\sigma}$의 T 및 p 의존성으로 부터 규명되었다.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제41권1호
• /
• pp.40.2-41
• /
• 2016

To understand the observed kinematics in the narrow-line region (NLR) of type 2 AGNs, we construct a model of 3-D biconical outflow combined with a thin dust plane. The model consists of two identical cones whose apex is located at the nucleus, and the cones are axisymmetric with respect to the bicone axis. After we define the properties of the bicone and the dust plane, we calculate a spatially integrated velocity and velocity dispersion along the line-of-sight using various physical parameters. As we test the effect of model parameters, we find three key parameters determining the integrated kinematics: intrinsic outflow velocity, bicone inclination, and the amount of dust extinction. The velocity dispersion increases as the intrinsic outflow velocity or the bicone inclination increases, while the velocity shift increases as the amount of dust extinction increases. We confirm that the integrated velocity dispersion can be a good indicator of the intrinsic outflow velocity unless dust extinction is not very strong (>~80%), while the effect of dust extinction can be alleviated by combining the integrated velocity and the velocity dispersion. Based on the simulated velocity distributions using the 3-D models, the variety of the observed [O $_{III}$] line profiles of type 2 AGNs can be well reproduced. In addition, we perform Monte Carlo simulations based on the different sets of model parameters. By comparing the model results with the observed [O $_{III}$] kinematics of ~39,000 SDSS type 2 AGNs (Woo et al. 2016), we find that the observed [O $_{III}$] velocity-velocity dispersion distribution is well reproduced by the biconical outflow model, enabling us to constrain the intrinsic physical parameters of outflows.

• 한국항행학회논문지
• /
• 제23권5호
• /
• pp.400-407
• /
• 2019

본 논문에서는 다양한 조도의 영향에도 본질적인 특성이 변하지 않는 고유영상을 이용한 그림자 검출과 멀티 스케일 감마 보정 기반의 그림자 복원 방법을 제안하였다. 그림자 검출은 컬러 영상의 그레이스케일 영상과 고유영상 간의 화소 변화 정보를 이용하여 추정하였으며, 그림자 복원 과정에서는 감마 보정을 통해 영상의 밝기를 조절하는 방법을 적용하였다. 감마 보정은 개별적 화소값에 대한 비선형 조정으로 채도가 변경될 수 있으므로 컬러 영상의 채널별로 수행되는 멀티 스케일 감마 보정을 수행한다. 멀티 스케일 감마 값은 컬러 영상에서 그림자와 그림자가 아닌 영역의 교차 윤곽을 획득한 후 이 정보를 기반으로 추정되며, 결과적으로 서로 다른 유형의 영역 특징을 멀티 스케일 감마 값으로 보정하여 그림자를 복원하였다. 실험 결과, 제안하는 방법이 그림자가 포함된 단일 자연 영상에서 그림자를 효과적으로 복원함을 보였다.