• 농업과학연구
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.193-197
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• 1986

본(本) 시험(試驗)은 임신말기(姙娠末期) 및 초기포유기간(初期哺乳期間)의 모돈(母豚)에 아미노산 킬레이트 철분제(鐵分齊)를 급여(給與)함으로써 자돈(仔豚)에게 철분제(鐵分劑)를 경구투여(經口投與)하거나 주사(注射)하지 않고 자돈(仔豚)의 철분결핍성(鐵分缺乏性) 빈혈(貧血)을 예방(豫防)할 수 있는 지를 구명(究明)하기 위해서 모돈(母豚) 20두(頭)를 가지고 4처리(處理)로 나누어 실시(實施)한 바, 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 생시체중(生時體重)은 각(各) 처리군(處理群)들 간(間)에 차이(差異)가 없었으나, 15일령(日齡)의 체중(體重)에서는 킬레이트 철분급여군(鐵分給與群)이 제일 무거웠고, 35일령(日齡)의 체중(體重)에서는 대조군(對照群)이 제일 가벼웠다. 2. 이유시(離乳時) 생존율(生存率)은 각(各) 처리군(處理群)들 간(間)에 차이(差異)를 인정(認定)할 수 없었다. 3. 헤모그로빈, 적혈구(赤血球) 및 헤마토크리트의 수준(水準)은 출산시(出生時)와 15일령(日齡)에서 킬레이트 직분(織分) 급여군(給與群)이 대조군(對照群)에 의하여 높은 수준(水準)을 보였으며(p<.05) 35일령(日齡) 이유시(離乳時)에는 각(各) 처리군(處理群)들 간(間)에 차이(差異)가 없었다.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.99-113
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• 2007

Purpose : This study was designed to investigate the effects of Jeongkyeong-Tang(JKT) on the polycystic ovary(PCO) induced by estradiol valerate(EV) in rats. Methods : PCO was induced by single intramuscular injection with EV(4mg) in female rats. Normal group(n=8) were injected with sesame oil and orally administrated distilled water for sixty days. PCO control group(n=8) were injected with EV and orally administrated distilled water for sixty days. JKT treated group(n=8) were injected with EV and orally administrated JKT for sixty days. Then we measured weights of body, ovaries and adrenal glands, and measured content of serum estrogen. The histomorphometrical changes of ovaries were also evaluated. The expressions of nerve growth factor(NGF) were analyzed in the central nervous system, adrenal glands and ovaries by immunohistochemistry. Results : - The weights(mg) of ovaries in JKT treated group (69.7${\pm}$6.7) were significantly increased( p<0.001) compared with PCO control group(46.7${\pm}$12.2). - The numbers of secondary follicles in JKT treated group(4.00${\pm}$l.31) were significantly increased(p <0.05) compared with PCO control group(2.25${\pm}$1.39). - The numbers of mature follicles in JKT treated group(5.50${\pm}$1.51) were significantly increased(p<0.01) compared with PCO control group(2.88${\pm}$1.13). - The numbers of atretic follicles in JKT treated group(2.75${\pm}$l.16) were significantly decreased(p<0.001) compared with PCO control group(6.88${\pm}$2.03). - The numbers of corpora lutea in JKT treated group(4.13${\pm}$1.46) were significantly increased(p<0.01) compared with PCO control group(2.13${\pm}$1.46). - The contents(pg/ml) of serum estrogen in JKT treated group(115.18${\pm}$18.29) were significantly decreased(P<0.01) compared with PCO control group(153.06${\pm}$29.47). - The expressions of NGF-immunoreactive cells in the ovarian granulosa cells in JKT treated group were lesser observed than PCO control group. Conclusion : From the above results, we concluded that Jeongkyeong-Tang has inhibitory effect on the development of EV-induced polycystic ovary. And it's effect may be related with decreased NGF activities in the ovary.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.127-134
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• 2012

We investigated the effects of fadrozol, an aromatase inhibitor (AI), and $17{\alpha}$-methyltestosterone (MT) on the induction of sex change in juvenile longtooth grouper $Epinephelus$ $bruneus$, via histological observation of gonads. Changes in the mRNA expression of GtH subunits (FSH-${\beta}$ and LH-${\beta}$) in the pituitary, and estradiol-$17{\beta}$ (E2) and 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) levels in the blood were also surveyed after AI and MT treatment. Juvenile longtooth groupers ($113{\pm}17g\;body\;weight$; $16.2{\pm}1.2cm\;body\;length$) received intramuscular injections of AI at 3 (3-AI) and 5 (5-AI) mg/kg BWdoses and MT at a 5 mg/kg BW (5-MT) dose. At week 7 post-injection, 3-AI and 5-MT oocytes were degenerated, and gonads of the 5-AI group initiated spermatogenesis. At week 21 post-injection, 3-AI- and 5-MT-treated gonads contained spermatogonia and spermatocytes, while 5-AI treatment induced advanced stages of spermatogenesis. The serum E2 level showed no significant differences throughout the experimental period, whereas that of 11-KT was significantly elevated in the 5-AI group at weeks 7 and 21 post-injection. A significant increase in the expression of FSH-${\beta}$ mRNA was evident in the 5-AI group at week 21 post-injection. In contrast, LH-${\beta}$ mRNA expression did not significantly differ among groups during the experimental period. These results imply that sex change has two stages in the longtooth grouper. In the first stage, oocytes are degenerated by the stimulation by 11-KT, and in the second stage spermatogenesis occurs, owing to the co-effects of 11-KT and FSH-${\beta}$.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.418-425
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• 2002

Estrus was induced in 13 anestrus Korea Jin-do bitches by intramuscular injection of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) in a dose of 500 lU once daily for ten consecutive days, followed by an additional single intraveneous injection of 1,000 lU of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on the tenth day. Day-changes of vaginal epithelial cells during the hormone treatment were investigated in each experimental bitches and compared with the those of spontaneous estrus bitches. The first days of vulval bleeding and male acceptance after PMSG treatment were on Day 6.0$\pm$ 1.5 (mean$\pm$ SD) and Day 9.0$\pm$ 1.9, respectively. And in all of 13 bitches, vulval swelling and perineal reflex were shown. The mean durations of proestrus and estrus were 2.9$\pm$ 1.4 (mean$\pm$ SD, range ; 1-6) and 11.5: 1.7 (range ; 8-14) days, respectively, that is, duration of proestrus was significantly shorter than that of the spontneous estrous bitches but duration of estrus was longer than that of the spontaneous estrous bitches. Characteristic features of vaginal cytology during the estrous cycle were the high proportions of large intermediate cell, superficial cell, anuclear cell and erythrocyte in proestrus, superficial cell and anuclear cell in estrus and parabasal cell, small intermediate, large intermediate cell, and leukocyte in diestrus, respectively. The comification index (Cl) was significantly high proportion in proestrus and estrus, when Day 0 was timed from the first day of male acceptance, the Cl was first increased above 80% on Day 0 and maintained above 80% until Day 0 to Day 5 during 6 days and showed a peak on Day 2. Also it was maintained above 90% until Day 2 to Day 3 during 2 days. These results indicated that all 13 ekperimental bitches showed positive estrus detection by the estrus behavior and vaginal smear test after treated with PMSG and hCC. It suggested that vaginal cytology was used to estimate the optimal mating and ovulation time, in consideration of the day when the Cl was maintained above 80% in estrus-induced Korea Jin-do bitches.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.359-362
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• 2008

본 연구는 개 빈맥에 대한 내관 (PC06) 및 심수 (BLl5)자침의 효과를 입증하고자 실시하였다. 총 18두의 비글견을 대조군 (6두), PC06 군 (6두) 및 BL15 군 (6두)로 각각 나누었다. 빈맥은 glycopyrrolate를 근육주사하여 유발하였다. 대조군은 아무런 처치를 하지 않았으나, 실험군은 glycopyrrolate 투여와 동시에 각각 PC06 및 BL15에 20분간 유침하였으며, R-R 간격의 변화 및 호흡수의 변화를 측정하였다. PC06군과 BL15군에서의 R-R 간격은 대조군에 비하여 유의성 있는 증가를 나타내었으며, BL15군의 R-R 간격은 PC06군에 비하여 유의성 있는 증가를 나타내었다. PC06군의 호흡수는 대조군과 비슷한 경향을 나타냈으나 BL15군은 대조군 및 PC06군에 비하여 유의성 있는 감소를 나타내었다. 결과적으로, PC06 및 BL15의 자침은 개 빈맥의 회복에 도움이 되며, BL15가 PC06보다 효과적인 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.119-123
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• 2012

이 연구는 비글 견에서 산화스트레스에 대한 서로 다른 마취 방법의 효과를 평가했다. 10마리 견들을 무작위로 medetomidine과 tiletamine/zolazepam(MTZ) combination(그룹 T, 40 ${\mu}g/kg$ medetomidine and 2 mg/kg tiletamine/zolazepam, IM)을 사용한 근육주사 그룹 또는 Isoflurane(그룹 I, 2% isoflurane and 100% oxygen)을 사용한 휘발성 마취 그룹으로 나누었다. Vital sign으로 심박수, 호흡수, 직장체온과 oxidative stress로 superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx)를 측정했다. SOD activity는 두 그룹에서 마취 후 기준 값으로부터 유의성 있게 감소하였다 ($p$ < 0.05). CAT와 GPx activity 또한 마취 후 두 그룹 사이에서 유의성이 있었다 ($p$ < 0.05). CAT activity는 두 그룹에서 마취 후 기준 값으로부터 유의성 있게 감소하였으나, 그룹 I에서는 마취 후 그룹 T의 그것과 비교 시 유의성 있게 높았다 ($p$ < 0.05). 그리고 그룹 T에서 GPx activity는 마취 후 기준 값으로부터 유의성 있 게 감소하였으나, 그룹 I에서는 마취종료 후 1 시간이 되었을 때 그룹 T의 그것과 비교 시 유의성 있게 높았다 ($p$ < 0.05). 결론적으로, 비글 견에서 전신 마취는 산화 스트레스를 유발시키는 경향이 있었으며, isoflurane의 휘발성 마취는 산화 손상을 감소시켰다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.103-112
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• 1985

국내에서 분리된 enterovirus의 병원성을 관찰하기 위하여 1~2일령의 자돈 10두와 35일 령의 유돈 6두에 enterovirus 조직배양부유액을 뇌내 또는 근육내 주사한 후 임상 및 병리학적으로 관찰하였던 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 임상적으로는 체온의 상승, 보양창랑, 보행실조, 유약성 마비 및 고도의 삭수가 관찰되었다. 병리조직학적으로는 중추신경계 전반에 걸쳐 수막하 세포침윤, 혈관주위 원형세포침윤, 신경세포의 변성, 미만성과 한국성 gliosis, glial nodule의 형성 등이 관찰되었으며 백질부보다 회백질부에서 다소 심한 경향이었고 배측 신경절염이 전 실험예에서 인정되었다. 한편 hog cholera백신과 enterovirus의 공동주사예에서는 중추신경계의 병변이 enterovirus 단독주사예에 비해 급격히 진행되는 경향이었다. 이상의 소견들을 종합해 볼때 국내에서 분리된 enterovirus는 뇌내 또는 근육내에 접종하였을 때 자돈에서 polioencephalomyelitis를 일으킬 수 있는 병원성이 강한 형으로 추측되며 hog cholera백신과 enterovirus를 공동주사한 예에서 병변의 진행이 급격한 점으로 보아 enterovirus의 자연감염에 hog cholera 백신 등의 stress요인이 작용될 것으로 추측된다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2006

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the histologic results of bone cavities that were surgically created in the calvaria of rabbit and filled with $HA/{\beta}-TCP$ composite powders, which had been developed in Korea (Dentium, Korea). Ten young adult rabbits were used. Four defects were surgically produced in calvaria of each rabbit. Each rabbit was anesthetized with Ketamine-HCI (5 mg/kg, Yuhan Cor. Korea) and Xylazine-HCI (1.5 ml/kg, Yuhan Cor. Korea)). An incision was made to the bony cranium and the periosteum was reflected. Using a trephine bur (external diameter: 8 mm, 3i, USA), 4 'through-and-through' bone defects were created with copious irrigation, and classified into 4 groups: control group: no graft materials, experimental group I: normal saline + graft materials: experimental group II: venous blood + graft materials: experimental group III: graft materials only. The defects were randomly filled with graft materials. The defects were closed with resorbable suture material. At the end of the surgical procedure, all animals received a single intramuscular injection of antibiotics Gentamicin (0.1 mg/kg, Dae Sung Microb. Korea). Rabbits were sacrificed with phentobarbital (100 mg/kg) intravenously at 1-, 2-, 4-, 6- and 8-week after. Specimens were treated with hydrochloric acid decalcifying solution (Fisher Scientific, Tustin, CA) and sectioned by bisecting the 8 mm diameter defects. The histologic specimens were prepared in the general method with H & E staining at 6 ${\mu}m$ in thickness. The results were as follows; 1. New bone formation showed from after 2-week of surgery in defect area. As time lapsed, lots of new bone formation and mature bones showed. 2. Histologically, degree of new bone formation could not be discerned among the experimental groups. But, for experimental group II, lots of cells gathered around graft materials after 1-week of surgery, new bone formed slightly faster and than the others at 1-week after. For experimental group I, a few inflammatory finding showed around graft material at after 1-week and after 2-week of surgery. 3. No bone formation did show for control group. Based on histologic results, the new $HA/{\beta}-TCP$ composite powders appeared to act as a scaffolding material for regeneration of osseous defects.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.483-489
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• 2005

To understand the molecular mechanisms that regulate intramuscular fat deposition and its release, cDNA clones expressed in adipose tissues of Korean cattle were identified by differential screening from adipose tissue cDNA library. By partial nucleotide sequencing of 486 clones and a search for sequence similarity in NCBI nucleotide databases, 245 clones revealed unique clones. By a functional grouping of the clones, 14% of the clones were categorized to metabolism and enzyme-related group (stearoyl CoA desaturase, lactate dehydrogenase, fatty acid synthase, ATP citrate lyase, lipoprotein lipase, acetyl CoA synthetase, etc), and 6% to signal transduction/cell cycle-related group (C/EBP, cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein, calmodulin, cyclin G1, cyclin H, etc), and 4% to cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix components (vimentin, ankyrin 2, gelosin, syntenin, talin, prefoldin 5). The obtained 245 clones will be useful to study lipid metabolism and signal transduction pathway in adipose tissues and to study obesity in human. Some clones were subjected to full-sequencing containing open reading frame. The cDNA clone of bovine homolog of human prefoldin 5 gene had a total length of 959 nucleotides coding for 139 amino acids. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of bovine prefoldin 5 with those of human and mouse showed over 95% identity. The cDNA clone of bovine homolog of human ubiquitin-like/S30 ribosomal fusion protein gene had a total length of 484 nucleotides coding for 133 amino acids. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of bovine ubiquitin-like/S30 ribosomal fusion protein gene with those of human, rat and mouse showed over 97% identity. The cDNA clone of bovine homolog of human proteolipid protein 2 mRNA had a total length of 928 nucleotides coding for 152 amino acids. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of bovine proteolipid protein 2 with those of human and mouse showed 87.5% similarity. The cDNA clone of bovine homolog of rat thymosin beta 4 had a total length of 602 nucleotides coding for 44 amino acids. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of bovine thymosin beta 4 gene with those of human, mouse and rat showed 93.1% similarity. The cDNA clone of bovine homolog of human myotrophin mRNA had a total length of 790 nucleotides coding for 118 amino acids. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of bovine myotrophin gene with those of human, mouse and rat showed 83.9% similarity. The functional role of these clones in adipose tissues needs to be established.

• BMB Reports
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• 제41권12호
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• pp.846-851
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• 2008

This study was conducted to identify marbling-related candidate genes in M. longissimus dorsi of high- and low-marbled Hanwoo. The longissimus dorsi muscles were selected for gene expression from eight Hanwoo steer carcasses based on crude fat content. In the analysis of variance, gene expression of five candidate genes, FABP4, SCD, $PPAR\gamma$, Titin and Nebulin was determined to be significantly different between high- and low-marbled Hanwoo steers (P < 0.0001). The Pik-4 and CaMK II genes were also shown to have a significant effect on crude fat content (P < 0.01). In the analysis of the differential expression between high- and low marbled groups, FABP4 gene expression was approximately 2 times higher in the high marbled group relative to the low marbled group. However, the $PPAR\gamma$ and SCD gene were highly expressed in the low marbled group. In addition, Titin and Nebulin were highly expressed in the low marbled group when placed under relatively high shear force. Finally, the Pik-4 and CaM K II gene also displayed a high expression pattern in the low marbled group.