• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.889-895
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• 2000

I experienced a case of a patient with clinical features of cerebellar dysfunction in the intracranial hemorrhage which encroached the basis of lower pontine and all parts of pontine tegmentum. So I report this case with bibliographical inquiry. In addition, I applied the treatment of Oriental medicine to sequelae of intracranial hemorrhage like disorders of eye movement, central dizziness, cerebellar tremor and ataxias but the effect did not meet my expectation. I anticipate more clinical studies and reports on this hereafter.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.336-339
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• 2007

Traumatic intracranial aneurysm rarely occurs after a head injury. The authors report a case of a 51-year-old man in whom subarachnoid hemorrhage was developed as a result of delayed traumatic aneurysmal rupture of the distal portion of the middle cerebral artery following a minor, closed-head injury. The unruptured aneurysm had been evident on the magnetic resonance image taken two days prior to onset of the subarachnoid hemorrhage. The clinical presentation and possible underlying mechanism are discussed with a review of pertinent literature.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.73-77
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• 2001

Object : To determine whether to use surgical or medical therapy in treatment of infectious intracranial aneurysms, we reviewed two recent cases of infectious intracranial aneurysms and others known previous reports of aforementioned cases. Hence, we attempted to compare the validity and effectiveness of surgical and medical treatment. Method : Recently, we treated two cases of ruptured infectious intracranial aneurysms. In former case, the aneurysm was located distal to the middle cerebral artery in a patient with mild mitral regurgitation of the heart. In latter case, the aneurysm was multiple with varying hemorrhage. The hemorrhage was located bilaterally and a moderate mitral regurgitation and infective endocarditis were accompanied in this patient. Result : Due to the large size of the intracranial hematoma, stable medical condition, and easy resectability, we treated the former patient surgically. And, because of successive hemorrhage by multiple aneurysmal rupture, and the risk of heart failure, we treated the latter patient medically with serial follow-up angiography. Both patients are at present in good health. Conclusion : Because of the variability in associated factors, such as the patient's health, the number of lesions, location, anatomy of the aneurysms and the causative organism, each patient's care must be individualized and tailored to the patient's particular clinical situation.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.62-64
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• 2016

Cerebrospinal fluid leakage may commonly occur during spinal surgeries and it may cause dural tears. These tears may result in hemorrhage in the entire compartments of the brain. Most common site of such hemorrhages are the veins in the cerebellar region. We report a case of hemorrhage, mimicking aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage due to a cerebrospinal fluid leakage following lumbar spinal surgery and discuss the possible mechanisms of action.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제66권3호
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• pp.239-246
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• 2023

Germinal matrix and intraventricular hemorrhage (GM-IVH) are the major causes of intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants. Cranial ultrasound (cUS) is the imaging modality of choice for diagnosing and classifying GM-IVH. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), usually performed at term-equivalent age, is more sensitive than cUS in identifying hemorrhage in the brain. Post-hemorrhagic ventricular dilatation is a significant complication of GM-IVH and correlates with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. In this review, we discuss the various imaging findings of GM-IVH in premature infants, focusing on the role of cUS and MRI.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.438-449
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• 2009

Objectives: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common complication among stroke patients. The implication of DVT progressing into a fatal pulmonary embolism is one of the main reasons treatment cannot be delayed. However, when there is a contradiction for anticoagulants, such intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), it is difficult to determine the course of treatment. Our team reports a case with both acute DVT and ICH who improved with herbal medicine Hyulbuchuko-tang. Methods : A patient with a variety of thrombosis risk factors (atrial fibrillation, DVT, Cb-inf with intracranial hemorrhage due to thrombolytic complications) showed classic symptoms of DVT (pain, edema, discoloration), disorientation and chest discomfort. The patient was administered Hyulbuchuko-tang three times a day for 24 days without any anticoagulants. Conservative therapy including elastic stocking and leg elevation was co-administered. Laboratory tests and extremity vascular Doppler sonography were carried out 3 times during the treatment period. Results : After our treatment period, both popliteal vein DVT and calf vein DVT were not discovered by sonography, and thrombosis derived factors (eg. D-dimer, fibrinogen) decreased. There was no sign of edema or discoloration after treatment, and the patient no longer complained of leg pain, disorientation or chest discomfort. Conclusion : From these results, we suggest that there is a positive effect of Hyulbuchuko-tang on DVT. Hyulbuchuko-tang should be considered as a treatment option when western medical procedures are unavailable.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.35-44
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• 1991

저자들은 1990년 3월부터 1991년 2월까지 영남대학교 의과대학 부속병원 신경외과학교실에서 뇌정위적 수술을 시행하여 뇌실질내 출혈부위와 뇌실내에 모두 도관을 삽입한 자발성 뇌실질내 출혈 환자 30례에서 뇌압변화와 임상증상의 변화를 분석하였다. 자발성 뇌실질내 출혈은 40-60대에 주로 발생하였고, 여자가 2.3배로 많았으며, 출혈위치는 피각부, 시상부, 소뇌부 등의 순으로 많았다. 그리고 고혈압의 기왕력을 가진 사람이 많았으며, 고혈압과 연관된 심전도 소견을 보인 경우가 많았다. 평균 동맥혈 이산화탄소분압이 높은 환자에서 뇌압이 높았으며, 뇌압과 재출혈 및 퇴원시 ADL과는 유의한 관계는 없었다. 수술후 72시간경에 뇌압이 가장 높았으며, 뇌실질내 출혈 부위에 6000 IU 유로키나제 세척을 시행한 결과 유로키나제 세척후는 전에 비하여 평균 63.2%의 감압이 있었다. 뇌압이 높은 경우 Natural drainage를 많이 시행 했으나, Natural drainage 횟수와 퇴원시 ADL과는 유의한 상관 관계를 보이지 않았다. 처음 GCS이 높을수록 수술후에 GCS이 높았으며, 평균 뇌압이 높을수록 평균 GCS이 낮아 환자 상태가 나쁜 경우가 많았다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제66권5호
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• pp.494-502
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• 2023

Dengue fever is the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne virus in the world, infecting about 100 million individuals. A rare but possibly dangerous consequence of dengue illness is intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). Currently, the pathogenesis of ICH is unknown. A number of studies have found a variety of risk factors for ICH in dengue. In addition, studies have reported the use of emergency surgery while monitoring thrombocytopenia in the therapy of dengue ICH. This review enumerates the potential predictors of ICH in dengue, discusses the use of brain imaging, and mentions the possibility of emergency surgery.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.69-72
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• 2014

Objective : There was no abundance of data on the use of anticoagulant in patients with previous high risk of thromboembolic conditions under a newly developed intracranial hemorrhage in Korean society. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety of discontinuance and suggest the proper time period for discontinuance of anticoagulant among these patients. Methods : We reviewed the medical records of 19 patients who took anticoagulant because of thromboembolic problems and were admitted to our department with newly developed anticoagulation associated intracranial hemorrhage (AAICH), and stopped taking medicine due to concern of rebleeding from January 2008 to December 2012. Analysis of the incidence of thromboembolic complications and proper withdrawal time of anticoagulant was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results : Our patients showed high risk for thromboembolic complication. The $CHA_2DS_2$-VASc score ranged from two to five. Thromboembolic complication occurred in eight (42.1%) out of 19 patients without restarting anticoagulant since the initial hemorrhage. Among them, three patients (37.5%) died from direct thromboembolic complications. Mean time to outbreak of thromboembolic complication was $21.38{\pm}14.89$ days (range, 8-56 days). The probability of thromboembolic complications at 7, 14, and 30 days since cessation of anticoagulation was 0.00, 10.53, and 38.49%, respectively. Conclusion : Short term discontinuance of anticoagulant within seven days in patients with AAICH who are at high embolic risk ($CHA_2DS_2$-VASc score >2) appears to be relatively safe in Korean people. However, prolonged cessation (more than seven days) may result in increased incidence of catastrophic thromboembolic complications.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제53권10호
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• pp.913-916
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• 2010

Congenital factor VII deficiency is a rare autosomal-recessive bleeding disorder. Bleeding manifestations and clinical findings vary widely, ranging from asymptomatic subjects to patients with hemorrhages that may cause significant handicaps. Treatment has traditionally involved factor VII(FVII) replacement therapy using fresh frozen plasma, prothrombin complex concentrates or plasma-derived FVII concentrates. Recombinant activated FVII ($NovoSeven^{(R)}$) is currently considered the first-line treatment for replacement therapy of FVII deficiency. Here we present a case of severe intracerebral and intraventricular hemorrhage in a neonate with congenital FVII deficiency.