• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2023

Purpose : Along with the rapid development of digital technology, the application of digital healthcare in the medical field is also increasing. According to many experts, increasing the amount of exercise and physical activity is a helpful way to prevent and manage physical problems in modern society. However, a lack of exercise, which is of the lifestyle of modern people, leads to the development of various diseases. This study aimed to examine the effects of digital exercise intervention using artificial intelligence (AI) on the physical abilities of adults whether digital exercise intervention can be a reliable and effective therapeutic option for musculoskeletal disorders in real-world clinical settings. Methods : In this study, exercise was conducted using a digital application to investigate the effects of an AI-based digital exercise intervention on the physical abilities of adults. A total of 13 adults were evaluated, and their physical abilities before and after the exercise intervention were compared. Hand-grip strength, functional leg muscle strength, dynamic balance, and quadriceps muscle strength were assessed. Exercise was performed using a digital application and in a non-face-to-face manner. AI identified the exercise status of each participant and adjusted the exercise difficulty level accordingly. The exercised daily for 4 weeks. Results : A total of 12 participants were analyzed for the final results. Significant improvements were observed in hand-grip strength, functional leg muscle strength (evaluated using the stand-up test), dynamic balance, and straight-gait ability (p<.05), indicating an increase in the overall muscular strength and physical function of the participants. Conclusions : Digital exercise intervention using AI is effective in improving physical abilities related to musculoskeletal function. It can be useful in clinical practice as an effective treatment option for patients with musculoskeletal disorders or muscle weakness.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.259-266
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to compare balance ability according to the immersion level of virtual reality-based training for the balance enhancement of the elderly. Methods: This study included 48 elderly people aged 65 years and older (male 16, female 32). According to the immersion level of applied virtual reality training, 16, 17, and 15 persons were randomly assigned to full immersion, semi-immersion, and control groups. The subjects who were assigned to the full immersion group and semi-immersion group received virtual reality training for 6 weeks at 20 min at a time, 3 times per week. The control group received no intervention. Balance ability was evaluated by measuring the stability limit and the tandem walking test before and after the intervention. Results: Results showed significant differences among the three groups in the limit of stability of all directions and the tandem walking test after the intervention. The results of the limit of stability showed a significantly higher value in the full-immersion group than in the control group, and the results of the tandem walking test showed a significantly lower value in the full-immersion and semi-immersion groups than in the control group. Conclusion: The results indicate that the head-mounted display equipment for applying full-immersion virtual training is the most effective in enhancing the balance ability of the elderly.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.552-560
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• 1999

In this study, we investigated the effects of lowering the fat and cholesterol in the diets of 26 Korean hypercholesteolemic men($\geq$240mg/dl). They consumed 2378kcal/day with 20.9% of the energy deriving from fat, and a cholesterol intake of 282mg(118mg/1000kcal). The experimental diet consisted of 2400kcal, the same as their usual diet, but the fat content was restricted to 15%, and the cholesterol level to below 100mg/1000kcal. The subjects kept to this diet for four weeks and were asked to maintain their usual life activities during the experimental period. The dietary intake and levels of plasma lipid, lipoprotein-cholesterol and apoprotein of the subjects were analyzed before, two weeks into, and after four weeks dietary intervention. After two of the dietary intervention, there were no significant changes of plasma total cholesterol or triglyceride levels but there was some changes of phospholipid level. However, after four weeks, the levels of plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride, and phospholipid had decreased significantly: 18.2%, 32.9%, and 11.9%, respectively. And the LDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol levels also showed a marked reduction of 18.1%, and 33.0% respectively without change of HDL-cholesterol level. There were no changes in the levels of Apo-A 1, Apo-B, or Lp(a). The changes of the plasma lipid levels were significantly associated with the changes in dietary fat intake but not the cholesterol intake. In conclusion, although the responses to the dietary intervention varied among the individual subjects, the lowering of dietary fat component from 21% to 15% of energy intake seems to be an effective way to reduce plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels without decreasing HDL-cholesterol level. It was also found that the restriction of dietary cholesterol to below 100mg/1000kcal not seem to be effective for the hypercholesterolemic patient who already consuming below 300mg/day of cholesterol.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.97-109
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• 2002

This study was conducted to understand the degree and contents of stress which the mothers of high-risk infants can be experienced from the hospitalization of ICU for their new borns, and thus to offer the basic program to he nursing intervention program for these. Subjects were the 171 mother of hospitalized newborn in NICU of 1 University Hospital in Busan from June, 20, 2001 to September, 15, 2001, who agreed to take part in this study. The instruments used in this study were Parental Stressor Scale:NICU(PSS:NICU) developed by Miles et al. The questionnaire has 4 dimensions and 45 items ; sight and sounds of NICU(5 items), babies' appearance and behavior nursing intervention(19 items), parental role alteration and relationship with their baby(10 items), health team communication(11 items). The data was analysed as average, frequency, Standard Deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient by use of SPSS/PC+. The results of this study are as follows ; 1. The total perceived stress level score of mothers of high-risk infants was slightly high(3.44±0.71). The highest scored dimension was 'appearance and behavior of the baby'(4.06±0.80), and next were 'relationship with their baby and parental role change'(3.55±0.98), 'sight and sounds of NICU'(3.22±1.01), 'communication with health team'(2.93±0.91). 2. The total perceived stress level score was significantly correlated with birth weight (F=2.35, p<.05). 3. In sight and sounds of NICU, the perceived stress level score was significantly correlated with nursing in the incubator(t=2.28, p<.05) and birth weight(t=2.26, p<.05). In summary, information about physical environment of NICU, birth weight and nursing in the incubator must be included in nursing intervention program of mother's of high-risk infants in reducing the patents stress level. And, it is suggested that there need to find the coping mechanism of mother of high-risk infants.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.407-417
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of preoperative teaching as a nursing intervention on the emotional status of the patients prior to surgery. The method of this study was Nonequivalent Control Group Non-Synchronize Design. The data were selected from H universuty hospital in Seoul, and they consisted of an experimental group-30patients, and a control group-30 patients. The questionnaire consisted of 28 Preoperative Stress Inventory(Kang, 1998), and 16 State- Trait Anxiety Inventory(Spielberger, 1972). The collected data were analized by means of frequency, percentage, $X^2$ test, t-test and paired t-test with SPSS WIN. The results of this study were as follows : 1. The level of stress prior to surgery was significantly lower for the preoperative teaching group than for the control group(t=2.61, p< .01). 2. The level of anxiety prior to surgery was not significantly lower for the preoperative teaching group than for the control group. 3. The difference level of the anxiety level the prior to surgery was significantly higher for the preoperative teaching group than for the control group(t=2.82, p< .01). In conclusion, preoperative teaching is a beneficial nursing intervention that has a positive effect on the stress and anxiety of patients prior to surgery. Therefore it is recommended to use the preoperative teaching program as a nursing intervention for patients prior to surgery.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.17-28
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• 2024

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of gluteal muscle strengthening exercises (GMSE) with ankle joint pumping exercises (AJPE) on thigh swelling, gait ability, and pain level in patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty. METHODS: A total of 38 patients who had undergone total hip replacement surgery >1 week prior participated in this study. Participants were randomly assigned to a group that performed only GMSE (CG; n = 19) and a group that performed GMSE and AJPE (EG; n = 19). The CG group performed GMSE for 30 min, and the EG group performed GMSE for 30 min followed by AJPE for 15 min. Exercises were performed five times a week, for a total of 20 times over 4 weeks in both groups. Thigh swelling (thigh size), 10 m walking test (10MWT) and timed up and go test (TUG) results, pain level (visual analogue scale, VAS) scores, Short Form 36 health survey (SF-36), and hip outcome scale (HOS) scores were evaluated before and after the intervention. RESULTS: After 4 weeks of intervention, significant differences were observed in the thigh size, 10MWT, TUG, VAS, SF-36, HOS before and after intervention in both groups (p < . 05). However, only thigh size showed a significant interaction between group and measurement time (p < . 05). CONCLUSION: GMSE combined with AJPE might be effective in improving the gait ability and pain level in patients with total hip arthroplasty, and GMSE may be more effective in improving thigh swelling and gait ability than GMSE without AJPE.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.465-474
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effect of hand massage in patients who underwent transradial percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a nonequivalent control group and non-synchronized design. The study included 30 patients in the experimental group and 30 in the control group. Hand massage was performed 2 times for 5 minutes each in the experimental group and the control group only received usual nursing interventions. Pain, level of discomfort, and vital signs were defined as key outcome measures, and the data were analyzed using the chi-square test, an independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, repeated-measures analysis of variance, and Friedman test. Results: Significant differences were observed between the 2 groups in the pain score (F=7.91, p=.003), discomfort score (F=18.15, p<.001), pulse (F=12.92, p<.001), and respiration rate (${\times}^2=19.35$, p<.001). Conclusion: Hand massage can be a helpful nursing intervention for transradial percutaneous coronary intervention by reducing pain and discomfort to a considerable degree.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.48-58
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate effects of nutrition education and exercise intervention on health and diet quality of middle-aged women. The subjects were 209 women who wanted to involve in the health promotion program run by Jincheon-Gun Health Center. Nutrition education was given once a week and dance sports were done twice a week for 3 months. Nutrient intakes were assessed by 24-hour recall method and food records. Dietary habits and nutrition knowledge were investigated by self-administered questionnaires before and after the intervention program. Body and blood compositions were measured before and after the program. The nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) was significantly increased in energy, protein, vitamin A, vitamin B2 and calcium, mean adequacy ration (MAR) was significantly increased (p < 0.05), and also the index of nutritional quality (INQ) was significantly increased in protein (p < 0.01). Percent (%) RIs of protein (p < 0.01) and calcium (p < 0.05) were significantly increased and body weight (p < 0.001), body fat (p < 0.01), soft lean mass (p < 0.01) and BMI (p < 0.001) decreased. Over the 3-month study, there was a significant trend toward higher HDL-C and albumin levels and lower LDL-C level (p < 0.001). The results showed that nutrition education and exercise intervention could improve the body health and the diet quality.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.113-124
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• 2013

Purpose: Purposes of this study were to develop a reliable and valid checklist to assess and manage post-stroke dysphagia and to identify its utilization. Methods: The first step was to develop checklist through systematic literatures reviews, to test the content validity from 11 clinical experts, and to test the construct validity and the internal consistency from 97 patients with post-stroke dysphagia. The second step was to identify clinical use of the checklist from the same 97 patients. Results: A total of 18 items compromised the assessment checklist and 64 items for intervention checklist. Internal consistencies of assessment checklist and intervention checklist were .84 and .98, respectively. In both checklists, level of utilization of general appearance was the highest, while that of early signs of aspiration was the lowest. The utilization levels of two checklists were significantly higher among patients who were less than 60 years old, and had liquid diet, facial paralysis, and previous history of aspiration pneumonia. Conclusion: We found that the checklists were reliable and valid. Further study is needed to develop specific strategies to improve nurses' use of assessment and intervention checklists for post-stroke dysphagia.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.444-451
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the effect of the Internet diabetic education on plasma glucose in people with hyperglycemic diabetes. Method: A randomized design with control and experimental groups being assessed pre- and post-intervention was used. Twenty-two patients were randomly assigned to an intervention group and 21 to a control group. Participants were requested to input the blood glucose level weekly in http://www.biodang.com by cellular phone or wire Internet for 3 months. The researcher sends optimal recommendations to each patient using short message service(SMS) of cellular phone and wire Internet weekly. Results: Patients in the intervention group had a mean decrease of 1.3% in glycosylated haemoglobin ($HbA_1c$) levels and those in the control group had no significant difference. There was a significant mean change in 2-hour postprandial blood glucose(2HPPG) for the intervention group, with a mean change of-75.2mg/dl. The mean change in the control group was, however, not significant. Conclusion: These findings indicated that a web-based intervention using SMS of cellular phone improved $HbA_1c$ and 2HPPG.