• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.402-407
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• 2017

Characteristics of various material surface plasmon resonance (SPR) chips were investigated in angular interrogation mode and intensity interrogation mode. Among five metals, silver (Ag), gold (Au), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr) and titanium (Ti), three metals, Ag, Au and Cu were paid attention to since their characteristics can be easily analyzed in angular interrogation mode by investigating the change of their reflectance curves according to refractive index change from 1.331 to 1.335. Most of SPR chips with various configurations showed the similar property in angular interrogation mode. The application of the SPR chip made of Ag, Au and Cu or their combinations depends on their reflectance properties. In intensity interrogation mode, the operation range may be limited since the variation of the intensity was not linearly related to refractive index change ranging from 1.331 to 1.335. However, the SPR chip containing high ratio of Ag may be applicable to high sensitive detection due to their sharp reflectance curves in intensity interrogation mode.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.21-34
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• 2015

Objectives : The treatment starts with physical examination. The four examinations(四診) is a method to examine the disease. The books on history of diagnostics about it contained substantial contents about inspection(望診) and palpation including pulse taking(切診), while they contained little contents about auscultation(聞診) and interrogation or questioning(問診) relatively. For this reason, this study was conducted as on interrogation first of all. Methods : I looked into the contents related to interrogation that were scattered in plenty of books. There were chapters of specialty in interrogation since the Ming dynasty, so I looked into these chapters in chronological order. Results & Conclusions : The level of the contents of interrogation prior to the Ming dynasty were rudimentary and recapitulative. However, there was a turning point by three kinds of books appeared in the Ming dynasty. Yixuerumen Wenzheng dealt with detailed contents. Yixuezhunshengliuyao Wenbingbixiang extended the range of contents. Jingyuequanshu Shiwenpian systematized Eight Principle Pattern Identification(八綱辨證) with increase of contents. Since then, books of the Qing Dynasty were mostly based on three kinds of books ahead. Among these, Yimenfalu Yimingwenbingzhifa(醫門法律 一明問病之法) and Xingsewaizhenjianma wenfa(形色外診簡摩 問法) mentioned the importance of a succinct interrogation that hit the mark and Yibian Yiwenzheng dealt with another detailed contents unlike the previous books based on substantial contents.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.1243-1253
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• 2007

Recently UHF RFID system has drawn a great deal of attention because of its potential to revolutionize supply chain management. An important characterization of the performance of a RFID system is 'interrogation range', which is defined as the maximum distance between a reader and a tag. Forward-link interrogation range is defined as the maximum distance from which the tag receives just enough power to turn on and back-scatter, and reverse-tink interrogation range is the maximum distance from which the reader can detect this back-scattered signal. A link balance has to be found between the two interrogation ranges. In this paper, the interrogation range equations are formulated in both forward-link and reverse-link and a trade-off between the two values is investigated in order to maximize the interrogation range. As a result, it is observed that the gain of the reader antenna, the isolation of the circulator, and the phase noise of the local oscillator with range correlation effect mainly determine the reverse-link interrogation range.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2014

Objectives : For the excellent differentiation of syndromes, we study on the individual characteristic factor by the interrogation of history taking and palpation. Methods : To the subject of diagnosis special books and diagnostics textbook of korean medicine, we arrange the individual characteristic factor by the interrogation of history taking and palpation. Results : The interrogation of history taking on the individual characteristic factor was arranged dispositional symptoms and individual characteristic of syndromes. And the pulse taking and palpation on the individual characteristic factor was arranged the moderate person's pulse condition ; floating pulse, deep and sinking pulse, replete and forceful pulse, intermittent pulse, long pulse, slippery or smooth pulse, relaxed or loose pulse (浮沈實大長滑緩脈), six Yin and six Yang pulse (六陽脈, 六陰脈). Conclusions : As the results, the individual characteristic factor is very important item of the four methods of diagnosis and the differentiation of syndromes. And therefore, we have to divide the signs of individual characteristic factor and the signs of disease in the process on four methods of diagnosis and differentiation of syndromes.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2001.02a
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• pp.186-187
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• 2001

광섬유 브래그 격자를 이용한 고정밀도 센서 시스템은 불균형(unbalanced) 마하 젠더 간섭계를 이용한 interrogation 기법을 많이 사용하고 있다. 그러나 간섭성을 이용한 interrogation 기법은 작은 온도 변화, 진동과 같은 외부 환경 변화에 매우 민감하다 이 논문은 불균형 마하 젠더 간섭계 대신 편광 유지 광섬유 (polarization maintaining fiber , PMF) 루프 미러(loop mirror)를 이용한 interrogation 시스템을 구현하였다. (중략)

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.5-12
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• 2002

A novel interrogation scheme to detect fine Bragg wavelength shift using a long period fiber grating pair with erbium-doped fiber inserted between the two gratings is reported. The technique is shown to feature high resolution and much more immunity to temperature perturbation compared to the conventioned Mach-Zehnder interferometer demodulation system. For quasi-static strain measurement, this approach provides high wavelength resolution of 0.05 pm that corresponds to 41.7 ne in strain and $3.8 $\times$ 10^{-3}$$^{\circ}C$ in temperature. This interrogation system is also employed in dynamic measurement to obtain the minimum detectable strain perturbation of ~ 8.76 ne/H $z^{{\frac}{1}{2}}$ at 100 Hz. Moreover, this interrogation system has prominent thermal stability. This thermal stability comes from the fact that two arms of the interferometer, the core and cladding in erbium-doped fiber, are exposed to nearly the same environment .

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.46 no.8
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• pp.821-831
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• 2013

Recently image velocimetries, including particle image velocimetry (PIV) and surface image velocimetry (SIV), are often used to measure flow velocities in laboratories and rivers. The most difficult point in using image velocimetries may be how to determine the sizes of the interrogation areas and the measurement uncertainties. Especially, it is a little hard for unskilled users to use these instruments, since any standardized measuring techniques or measurement uncertainties are not well evaluated. Sometimes the user's skill and understanding on the instruments may make a wide gap between velocity measurement results. The present study aims to evaluate image velocimetry's uncertainties due to the changes in the sizes of interrogation areas and searching areas with the error analyses. For the purpose, we generated 12 series of artificial images with known velocity fields and various numbers and sizes of particles. The analysis results showed that the accuracy of velocity measurements of the image velocimetry was significantly affected by the change of the size of interrogation area. Generally speaking, the error was reduced as the size of interrogation areas became small. For the same sizes of interrogation areas, the larger particle sizes and the larger number of particles resulted smaller errors. Especially, the errors of the image velocimetries were more affected by the number of particles rather than the sizes of them. As the sizes of interrogation areas were increased, the differences between the maximum and the minimum errors seemed to be reduced. For the size of the interrogation area whose average errors were less than 5%, the differences between the maximum and the minimum errors seemed a little large. For the case, in other words, the uncertainty of the velocity measurements of the image velocimetry was large. In the viewpoint of the particle density, the size of the interrogation area was small for large particle density cases. For the cases of large number of particle and small particle density, however, the minimum size of interrogation area became smaller.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.11
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• pp.4002-4018
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• 2023

An integrated neutron interrogation system has been developed for non-destructive assay of highly-radioactive special nuclear materials, to accumulate knowledge of the method through developing and using it. The system combines a differential die-away (DDA) measurement system for the quantification of nuclear materials and a prompt gamma-ray analysis (PGA) system for the detection of neutron poisons which disturb the DDA measurements; a common D-T neutron generator is used. A special care has been taken for the selection of materials to reduce the background gamma rays produced by the interrogation neutrons. A series of measurements were performed to test the basic performance of the system. The results show that the DDA system can quantify plutonium of as small as 20 mg and it is not affected by intense neutron background up to 1.57 × 10⁷ s^-1 and gamma ray of 4.43 × 10¹⁰ s^-1. The gamma-ray background counting rate at the PGA detector was reduced down to 3.9 × 10³ s^-1 even with the use of the D-T neutron generator. The test measurements show that the PGA system is capable of detecting 0.783 g of boron and about 86.8 g of gadolinium in 30 min.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.409-421
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• 2003

The hierarchical recursive local-correlation PIV algorithm with CBC (correlation based correction) method was employed to increase the spatial resolution of PIV results and to reduce error vectors. The performance of this new PIV algorithm was tested using synthetic images, PIV standard images of Visualization Society of Japan, real flows including ventilation flow inside a vehicle passenger compartment and wake behind a circular cylinder with riblet surface. As a result, most spurious vectors were suppressed by employing the CBC method, the hierarchical recursive correlation algorithm improved the sub-pixel accuracy of PIV results by decreasing the interrogation window size and Increased spatial resolution significantly. However, with recursively decreasing of interrogation window size, the SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) in the correlation plane was decreased and number of spurious vectors was increased. Therefore, compromised determination of optimal interrogation window size is required for given flow images, the performance of recursive algorithm is also discussed from a viewpoint of recovery ratio and error ratio in the paper.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.1169-1172
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose an improved anti-collision algorithm for multi tag interrogation in ubiquitous sensor network(USN) and show the result of simulation for multi tag interrogation in RFID systems. We have analyzed an EPC(Electronic Product Code) protocol which specifies the physical and logical requirements for a passive-backscatter Reader-Talk-First(RTF) RFID(Radio Frequency Identification) system operating in the $860MHz{\sim}960MHz$ frequency range. We have also designed and implemented the simulator of the RFID system based on the EPC protocol. Finally, we find that proposed algorithm works better than an existing algorithm.