• Title/Summary/Keyword: international standardization

Search Result 856, Processing Time 0.026 seconds

Autonomous evaluation of ambient vibration of underground spaces induced by adjacent subway trains using high-sensitivity wireless smart sensors

  • Sun, Ke;Zhang, Wei;Ding, Huaping;Kim, Robin E.;Spencer, Billie F. Jr.
    • Smart Structures and Systems
    • /
    • v.19 no.1
    • /
    • pp.1-10
    • /
    • 2017
  • The operation of subway trains induces secondary structure-borne vibrations in the nearby underground spaces. The vibration, along with the associated noise, can cause annoyance and adverse physical, physiological, and psychological effects on humans in dense urban environments. Traditional tethered instruments restrict the rapid measurement and assessment on such vibration effect. This paper presents a novel approach for Wireless Smart Sensor (WSS)-based autonomous evaluation system for the subway train-induced vibrations. The system was implemented on a MEMSIC's Imote2 platform, using a SHM-H high-sensitivity accelerometer board stacked on top. A new embedded application VibrationLevelCalculation, which determines the International Organization for Standardization defined weighted acceleration level, was added into the Illinois Structural Health Monitoring Project Service Toolsuite. The system was verified in a large underground space, where a nearby subway station is a good source of ground excitation caused by the running subway trains. Using an on-board processor, each sensor calculated the distribution of vibration levels within the testing zone, and sent the distribution of vibration level by radio to display it on the central server. Also, the raw time-histories and frequency spectrum were retrieved from the WSS leaf nodes. Subsequently, spectral vibration levels in the one-third octave band, characterizing the vibrating influence of different frequency components on human bodies, was also calculated from each sensor node. Experimental validation demonstrates that the proposed system is efficient for autonomously evaluating the subway train-induced ambient vibration of underground spaces, and the system holds the potential of greatly reducing the laboring of dynamic field testing.

Case Study on AUTOSAR Software Functional Safety Mechanism Design: Shift-by-Wire System (AUTOSAR 소프트웨어 기능안전 메커니즘 설계 사례연구: Shift-by-Wire 시스템)

  • Kum, Daehyun;Kwon, Soohyeon;Lee, Jaeseong;Lee, Seonghun
    • IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
    • /
    • v.16 no.6
    • /
    • pp.267-276
    • /
    • 2021
  • The automotive industry and academic research have been continuously conducting research on standardization such as AUTOSAR (AUTomotive Open System ARchitecture) and ISO26262 to solve problems such as safety and efficiency caused by the complexity of electric/electronic architecture of automotive. AUTOSAR is an automotive standard software platform that has a layered structure independent of MCU (Micro Controller Unit) hardware, and improves product reliability through software modularity and reusability. And, ISO26262, an international standard for automotive functional safety and suggests a method to minimize errors in automotive ECU (Electronic Control Unit)s by defining the development process and results for the entire life cycle of automotive electrical/electronic systems. These design methods are variously applied in representative automotive safety-critical systems. However, since the functional and safety requirements are different according to the characteristics of the safety-critical system, it is essential to research the AUTOSAR functional safety design method specialized for each application domain. In this paper, a software functional safety mechanism design method using AUTOSAR is proposed, and a new failure management framework is proposed to ensure the high reliability of the product. The AUTOSAR functional safety mechanism consists of memory partitioning protection, timing monitoring protection, and end-to-end protection. The fault management framework is composed of several safety SWCs to maintain the minimum function and performance even if a fault occurs during the operation of a safety-critical system. Finally, the proposed method is applied to the Shift-by-Wire system design to prove the validity of the proposed method.

A Development of the Customer based On-premise ERP Implementation Process Framework

  • Oh, Deok-Soo;Kim, Hyeong-Soo;Kim, Seung-Hee
    • International journal of advanced smart convergence
    • /
    • v.10 no.3
    • /
    • pp.257-278
    • /
    • 2021
  • As the definition of the vendor-oriented implementation method, which was utilized in adopting an ERP system, has been centered around the project construction business, it was difficult for the EPR adopting organization to systematically prepare ERP projects and have enough deliberative opportunities to change-related policies. Furthermore, this method does not have a fully standardized construction process. Accordingly, by defining an organization that wants to adopt an ERP system as a customer, this paper develops the customer-based ERP construction process framework that assists both customers and developers who construct the system. For this purpose, this paper reviews the previous research and collects the construction processes of the commercial ERP SW vendor and ERP construction cases while proposing the three-layer process framework to construct ERP through the KJ method. The ERP process framework consists of 7 processes, 32 activities, 141 tasks while providing definitions for concepts of each component. Furthermore, the proposed processes and phases were set in order of the recommended execution, while the activities were suggested as an open-ended type so that the application and usability can be increased and polished by reflecting experts' opinions. The contribution of this study is to standardize the ERP project process by transforming the previous supplier-based ERP construction method into the customer-based one while providing important procedure and activity frameworks that apply to diverse ERP solutions per vendor. At the same time, this study provides an theoretical foundation to develop the construction process for the customer -based Cloud ERP. In practice, At the beginning of the ERP system construction project, it provides communication or process tailoring tools for the stakeholder.

The Development of the Standard Framework of Sports Event Process Management System (스포츠이벤트 프로세스 관리시스템 표준 프레임워크 개발)

  • Kim, Joo-Hak;Cho, Sun-Mi
    • Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
    • /
    • v.9 no.1
    • /
    • pp.815-824
    • /
    • 2019
  • It is not easy to present a generalized operating model because the operating environment of a sport event is composed of a complex matrix structure. In this study, we propose 'standardization' which provides guidance of concept and process of sport event management to solve this sports event management problem. To purpose complete of this study, the frame was developed by the international standard ISO 9001: 2015 is applied. The standards framework for sports event process management system structure proposed in this study consists of scope of application, citing standard, Terms and definitions, organizational situation, leadership, planning, support, operation, performance evaluation, and improvement. This sport event process management system standard can be applied to any organization that wants to host, prepare, and operate sport events regardless of the form or scale of the sport event. In addition, this standard was focused on process management of life-cycle stages of sporting events, therefor it was possible to manage interrelationships and dependencies between processes and processes.

An Empirical Analysis on ISO 9001:2015 Transition Audits (ISO 9001:2015 전환심사의 실증적 분석)

  • Park, Dong Joon;Yoon, Min;Kang, Byung Hwan;Kim, Ho Gyun
    • Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
    • /
    • v.41 no.4
    • /
    • pp.70-80
    • /
    • 2018
  • The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) published ISO 9001 Quality Management System (QMS)-Requirements in 1987 and has revised four times since then. ISO 9001:2015 is the latest edition. This latest edition has two most noticeable changes. The first major change of new edition focuses on performance with an emphasis on Risk-Based Thinking (RBT) to enhance the process approach. The new edition consists of ten clauses whose first three clauses are largely same as older edition but risks are clearly stated and stressed in last seven clauses, emphasizing on Plan-Do-Check-Act cycle at all levels in the organization. The second major change is that the new edition has the same overall structure as other ISO management system standards known as High Level Structure (HLS) with Annex SL. The companies obtained the certificate of new ISO 9001:2015 QMS by September 15, 2018 in order to maintain as an ISO QMS registered firm. In this article we collected transition audit data from more than 100 companies that registered ISO 9001:2015 QMS for recent three years. We performed a statistical analysis to disclose the relationships between the characteristics of companies and the minor nonconformities found in ISO 9001:2015 requirements during transition audit processes. We also aim to interpret the findings and deduce the implications of the statistical results.

Sprinkler System with Universal Solenoid Valve (범용 전자개방밸브를 적용한 스프링클러설비)

  • Kong, Ha-Sung
    • The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
    • /
    • v.5 no.3
    • /
    • pp.351-357
    • /
    • 2019
  • This research is automatic Wet Pipe Sprinkler System, dry pipe Sprinkler System, preaction Sprinkler system, vacuum Sprinkler system, deluge Sprinkler system, etc., key components of each Sprinkler system, verve valve, valve, etc. This is to simplify the various processes of the manufacturing process into a single process to create an environment in which a single machine can simultaneously produce a standardized product, thereby improving the price competitiveness of the product, reducing the cost of maintaining the product, and making it more adaptable to the new sprinkler system that is developed in the future. Automatic Wet Pipe Sprinkler System, desipe Sprinkler System, preaction sprinkler system, vacuum Sprinkler system, deluge Sprinkler system, both types of existing Sprinkler system, only replace the primary and secondary tubing valves.It has the advantage of being easy to apply to the lower system. Legal and institutional research is needed for the commercialization of the Sprinkler system applying the solenoid valve as a future project.

Reference X-ray Irradiation System for Personal Dosimeter Testing and Calibration of Radiation Detector

  • Lee, Seung Kyu;Chang, Insu;Kim, Sang In;Lee, Jungil;Kim, Hyoungtaek;Kim, Jang-Lyul;Kim, Min Chae
    • Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
    • /
    • v.44 no.2
    • /
    • pp.72-78
    • /
    • 2019
  • Background: In the calibration and testing laboratory of Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, the old X-ray generator used for the production of reference X-ray fields was replaced with a new one. For this newly installed X-ray irradiation system, beam alignment as well as the verification of beam qualities was conducted. Materials and Methods: The existing X-ray generator, Phillips MG325, was replaced with YXLON Y.TU 320-D03 in order to generate reference X-ray fields. Theoretical calculations and Monte Carlo simulations were used to determine initial filter thickness. Beam alignment was performed in three steps to deliver a homogeneous radiation dosage to the target at different distances. Finally, the half-value layers were measured for different X-ray fields to verify beam qualities by using an ion chamber. Results and Discussion: Beam alignment was performed in three steps, and collimators and other components were arranged to maintain the uniformity of the mean air kerma rate within ${\pm}2.5%$ at the effective beam diameter of 28 cm. The beam quality was verified by using half-value layer measurement methods specified by American National Standard Institute (ANSI) N13.11-2009 and International Organization for Standardization (ISO)-4037. For each of the nine beams than can be generated by the new X-ray irradiation system, air kerma rates for X-ray fields of different beam qualifies were measured. The results showed that each air kerma rate and homogeneity coefficient of the first and second half-value layers were within ${\pm}5%$ of the recommended values in the standard documents. Conclusion: The results showed that the new X-ray irradiation system provides beam qualities that are as high as moderate beam qualities offered by National Institute of Standards and Technology in ANSI N13.11-2009 and those for narrow-spectrum series of ISO-4037.

Calculation of Virtual Water Trading Between Countries (국가 간 가상수 거래 산정)

  • Park, Sung Je;Kang, In Hye;Park, Jui;Ryu, Si Saeng
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
    • /
    • 2018.05a
    • /
    • pp.210-210
    • /
    • 2018
  • 효과적인 물 사용과 물 관리 정책을 수립하기 위해서는 산업적 차원에서의 물 발자국 연구를 통해 산업 전반적인 수자원 활용 상황을 비교 분석할 필요가 있다. 또한 앞으로 국가 차원의 물 안보 정책을 수립하기 위해서는 기후변화와 국제환경 변화로 인해 우리나라의 물발자국 변화를 예측하는 것이 필수적이다. 국외에서는 일찍이 물과 환경전문 교육기관인 UNESCO-IHE를 중심으로 물발자국 산정방식의 이론적 연구와 함께 가상수 무역에 대한 연구를 진행해왔으며, 국제표준화기구(International Organization for Standardization, 이하 ISO)는 2014년 물발자국에 대한 가이드라인을 국제표준으로 지정하였다. 국내에서는 2009년 가상수와 물발자국에 대한 이론이 소개되어 공공기관의 주도로 가상수 및 물발자국과 관련된 연구가 진행되어 왔다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 데이터베이스를 구축하기도 하였으나 1차 산업 위주로 구성되어 있어 2차, 3차 산업 등 다른 산업에 대한 정보는 부족한 상태이다. 따라서 앞으로는 2차, 3차 산업 등에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 국제 가상수 거래의 도출을 위한 기초자료로서 WIOD의 input-output tables와 environmental accounts 등을 활용하였다. 본 연구에서는 생산량, 물사용량과 관련된 지표를 결합하여 가상수량을 도출하는 과정을 제시하고, 가상수 이동흐름 및 추이를 분석하였다. 이를 위해 주요 16개국(아르헨티나, 호주, 브라질, 캐나다, 중국, 프랑스, 독일, 인도, 일본, 한국, 러시아, 사우디아라비아, 태국, 미국, 베트남)의 농축산물 주요 10개 품목(쌀, 보리, 옥수수, 밀, 콩, 감자, 채소, 소고기, 돼지고기, 계란)을 대상으로 분석을 실시했다. 또한 국가별 가상수 교역량, 국가 간 가상수 교역량에 대한 1989년부터 2014년까지의 데이터셋을 구축하고 이에 대해 분석을 수행하였다. 가상수 교역의 품목별 분석결과 주요 16개국의 주요 가상수 수입 품목은 콩, 옥수수, 밀, 보리 순이며, 주요 가상수 수출 품목은 밀, 콩, 옥수수, 쌀 순으로 파악되었다. 가상수의 종류별로 분석한 결과 가상수 교역량은 지난 25년간 녹색 가상수가 94%의 압도적으로 많은 비중을 차지하고 있었다. 국가별로 가상수 수출입량을 분석한 결과 1989년에서 2013년까지 미국, 브라질, 아르헨티나, 호주 등 주요 농업 국가들이 전 세계 가상수 수출에서 우위를 점하고 있는 것으로 분석되었다.

  • PDF

A Case Study on Standardization of Data Integration Management in National and International (국내외 데이터 통합관리 표준화 사례 연구)

  • KIM, Dong-Young;CHAE, Hyo-Sok;HWANG, Eui-Ho;LEE, Jeong-Ju
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
    • /
    • 2015.05a
    • /
    • pp.631-631
    • /
    • 2015
  • 최근 데이터가 전략적 의사결정의 핵심요소로 대두됨에 따라 데이터 통합 및 데이터 품질에 대한 관심이 증대되고 있다. 특히, 데이터 품질을 확보하기 위해 데이터 표준화가 필수적으로 수반되어야 한다. 그러나 데이터 활용에 있어 (1)데이터의 중복 및 불일치 발생, (2)데이터에 대한 의미 파악 지연으로 정보 제공의 적시성 결여, (3)데이터 통합의 어려움, (4)정보시스템 변경 및 유지 보수 곤란 등과 같은 현실적인 문제점들이 정확한 정보를 적시에 사용자에게 전달하는데 장애 요인으로 발생하고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 '국토관측센서 기반 수문 및 수재해 정보포털시스템 개발'에 앞서 보다 정확한 데이터 통합관리 및 제공서비스가 가능하도록 국내외 사례연구를 통한 기반을 마련하고자 한다. 데이터 표준화는 시스템별로 산재해 있는 데이터 정보요소에 대한 명칭, 정의, 형식, 규칙에 대한 원칙을 수립하여 이를 전사적으로 적용하는 것을 의미하며, 이러한 데이터 표준화 작업은 데이터의 정확한 의미 파악뿐만 아니라 데이터에 대한 상반된 시각을 조정하는 역할을 수행한다. 기본적으로 데이터 모델 및 데이터베이스에서 정의할 수 있는 모든 오브젝트를 대상으로 하는 것이 이상적이나, 주로 관리해야 될 필요성이 있는 오브젝트만을 대상으로 데이터 표준화를 하는 것이 더욱 효율적으로 작용한다. 본 연구는 국내외 데이터 통합관리 표준화 동향을 제시하였으며, 현업 사용자로부터 데이터 표준과 관련된 요구사항을 수요조사를 통하여 조사함으로써 데이터 표준 대상 후보를 식별하고 개선점을 도출하는데 사용할 기반을 마련하였다. 데이터 표준화가 수행되면 현업 사용자는 정확한 데이터를 사용할 수 있고, 올바른 의사결정을 내릴 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 앞으로 데이터 표준, 데이터 표준 준수 체크, 데이터 표준 조회 및 활용 등 데이터 표준 관리에서 수작업으로 인해 발생하는 애로사항을 배제하기 위해 자동화에 관한 연구가 지속적으로 추진되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

  • PDF

Uncertainty Analysis of Improved Speed Performance of a Ship with an Air-Lubrication System in a Sea Trial (공기윤활시스템 적용 선박의 시운전 속도성능에 대한 불확실성 해석)

  • Seo, Dae-Won;Oh, Jungkeun
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
    • /
    • v.44 no.6
    • /
    • pp.453-459
    • /
    • 2020
  • A sea trial of the speed performance test is the one of the most important means of verifying a ship's performance, and the International Organization for Standardization established a standard for this test in 2015. Environmental disturbances such as wind and waves are always present under real sea conditions, however, so it is impossible to accurately estimate delivered horsepower under ideal conditions. These disruptive influences also make it difficult to evaluate the positive effect of recently developed energy-saving devices. In this study, uncertainty analysis of improved speed performance was carried out using Monte Carlo simulation to confirm the energy-saving efficiency of a ship equipped with an air-lubrication system. The findings showed the average power saving to be 3.2%, with the expanded uncertainty of ± 2.7% at a 95% confidence level (k=2).