• Title/Summary/Keyword: international co-production

Search Result 203, Processing Time 0.03 seconds

Bio-Jet Fuel Production Technologies for GHG Reduction in Aviation Sector (항공분야 온실가스 감축을 위한 바이오항공유 제조기술)

  • KIM, JAE-KON;PARK, JO YONG;YIM, EUI SOON;MIN, KONG-IL;PARK, CHEON-KYU;HA, JONG-HAN
    • Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
    • /
    • v.26 no.6
    • /
    • pp.609-628
    • /
    • 2015
  • Thie study presents the biomass-derived jet (bio-jet) fuel production technologies for greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction in aviation sector. The aviation sector is responsible for the 2% of the world anthropogenic CO2 emissions and the 10% of the fuel consumption: airlines' costs for fuel reach 30% of operating costs. In addition, the aviation traffic is expected to double within 15 years from 2012, while fuel consumption and CO2 emissions should double in 25 years. Biojet fuels have been claimed to be one of the most promising and strategic solutions to mitigate aviation emissions. This jet fuel, additionally, must meet ASTM International specifications and potentially be a100% drop-in replacement for current petroleum jet fuel. In this study, the current technologies for producing renewable jet fuels, categorized by alcohols-to-jet, oil-to-jet, syngas-to-jet, and sugar-to-jet pathways are reviewed for process, economic analysis and life cycle assessment (LCA) on conversion pathways to bio-jet fuel.

Understanding and Improvement of the K-BREF (Korea BAT reference documents) for the Corrugated Cardboard Manufacturing Industry (골판지원지 제조업 최적가용기법 기준서의 이해와 개선사항)

  • Seo, Kyungae;Kim, Eunseok;Kim, Gahee;Khan, Jongbeom;Hong, Sukyoung;Kang, Philgoo
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
    • /
    • v.29 no.5
    • /
    • pp.559-573
    • /
    • 2020
  • The purpose of this study analyzed the overview of corrugated cardboasrd manufacturing industry and then provide direction for improvement. The BREF (BAT reference document) is an important reference for licensees and officer, including the best available techniques for the industry and achievable environmental performance, technical characteristics, and economic information. In the corrugated cardboard manufacturing process, wastewater pollutants are generated throughout the production process, and water is used in the dissociation and aging process. Atmospheric emissions are mostly generated by steam production from boilers and incinerators for the dry process. SO2, NOx, CO2, CO, HCl, dust, VOC, and odor were common. In the EU-BREF (European union BAT reference documents) BAT for wastewater have taken up a relatively large proportion. Items of water pollutants in wastewater were common in COD, BOD, N, P, SS, and however EU-BREF had different pollutants such as AOX and salt compared to K-BREF. In order to improve the quality of the K-BREF, it is necessary to devise basic data research method and data acqusitiom method. Consideration should be given to additional environmental management techniques that reflect the emissions characteristics of the corrugated cardboard manufacturing process. In addition, further research is needed to develop methodologies for selecting BATs considering environmental and economic feasibility.

Dudleya brittonii extract promotes survival rate and M2-like metabolic change in porcine 3D4/31 alveolar macrophages

  • Kim, Hyungkuen;Jeon, Eek Hyung;Park, Byung-Chul;Kim, Sung-Jo
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • v.32 no.11
    • /
    • pp.1789-1800
    • /
    • 2019
  • Objective: Although alveolar macrophages play a key role in the respiratory immunity of livestock, studies on the mechanism of differentiation and survival of alveolar macrophages are lacking. Therefore, we undertook to investigate changes in the lipid metabolism and survival rate, using 3D4/31 macrophages and Dudleya brittonii which has been used as a traditional asthma treatment. Methods: 3D4/31 macrophages were used as the in vitro porcine alveolar macrophages model. The cells were activated by exposure to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). Dudleya brittonii extraction was performed with distilled water. For evaluating the cell survival rate, we performed the water-soluble tetrazolium salt cell viability assay and growth curve analysis. To confirm cell death, cell cycle and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured using flow cytometric analysis by applying fluorescence dye dichlorofluorescein diacetate and propidium iodide. Furthermore, we also evaluated cellular lipid accumulation with oil red O staining, and fatty acid synthesis related genes expression levels using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) with SYBR green dye. Glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle related gene expression levels were measured using qPCR after exposure to Dudleya brittonii extract (DB) for 12 h. Results: The ROS production and cell death were induced by PMA treatment, and exposure to DB reduced the PMA induced downregulation of cell survival. The PMA and DB treatments upregulated the lipid accumulation, with corresponding increase in the acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha, fatty acid synthase mRNA expressions. DB-PMA co-treatment reduced the glycolysis genes expression, but increased the expressions of fatty acid oxidation and TCA cycle genes. Conclusion: This study provides new insights and directions for further research relating to the immunity of porcine respiratory system, by employing a model based on alveolar macrophages and natural materials.

A Study on the Emission Characteristics in 4 Stroke Large Propulsion Diesel Engine (4행정 대형 디젤엔진의 배기 배출특성에 관한 연구)

  • 김현규;전충환;장영준
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
    • /
    • v.9 no.5
    • /
    • pp.38-45
    • /
    • 2001
  • Environmental protection on the ocean has been interested and nowadays the International maritime organization(IMO) has advanced on the prevention of air pollution from ships. This study presents the emission characteristics of 4 stroke propulsion diesel engine in E2 cycle (constant speed) and E3 cycle (propeller curved speed). Also the effects of important operating parameters in terms of intake air pressure and temperature, and maximum combustion pressure are described on the specific emissions. Emissions measurement and calculation are processed according to IMO technical code. The results show that NOx emission level in E3 cycle is higher than E2 cycle due to lower engine speed and lower maximum combustion pressure by retarding fuel injection timing. Intake air temperature has strong influence on NOx emission production. And CO, HC emissions are not affected by maximum combustion pressure and intake air pressure and temperature.

  • PDF

The State-of-the-Art Review on the Information Technologies for Manufacturing Toward Digital Shipbuilding (디지털 선박생산화를 위한 생산정보기술)

  • 이경호;장윤석
    • Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
    • /
    • v.17 no.4
    • /
    • pp.81-85
    • /
    • 2003
  • The industry has undergone a significant change over the last decade: digital business has become a strategy to survive; the extended enterprise is being implemented; parts are made where conditions are most favourable; non-core activities are out-sourced; advanced manufacturing systems and information technologies are introduced to improve manufacturing performance. Suppliers and distributors become part of the supply chain and they all comprise an integrated international co-operative network to provide manufactured goods and support services for a world market just in time, at low prices and with quality surpassing customers' expectations. In this paper, we review various state-of-the-art information technologies for the shipbuilding industry. The successful introduction and implementation of those technologies will be the key enabler for e-transformation in the shipbuilding industry.

Development of Desk for Public Reading in Library

  • Kang, Myung-Sun;Chang, Yub
    • Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
    • /
    • v.19 no.6
    • /
    • pp.428-438
    • /
    • 2008
  • Through this study, I developed a new-styled desk for public reading in library in consideration of the characteristics of the company "KIFURS Co., Ltd." established and branded by a part of the members of the association 'Gyeonggi-Incheon Furniture Industry Cooperative', in the background of growing library-furniture market situation according to the government policy and the related participations of competitive companies. The differentially designed product was herein presented by introducing the function of office furniture and related material, by giving the existing product some improvements on the basis of the domestic and international data searching. The characteristic of the developed product is that the basic structure of the desk for public reading is easy to assemble & disassemble and also variable to be extended & modified. This basic structure is available to be mass production and to be pricewise through using aluminum. Furthermore it can be used as other library-furniture and office furniture, too. Also the luxury image was pursued by modern shape and different material, unlike the existing library-furniture.

  • PDF

A Decision Tree Approach for Identifying Defective Products in the Manufacturing Process

  • Choi, Sungsu;Battulga, Lkhagvadorj;Nasridinov, Aziz;Yoo, Kwan-Hee
    • International Journal of Contents
    • /
    • v.13 no.2
    • /
    • pp.57-65
    • /
    • 2017
  • Recently, due to the significance of Industry 4.0, the manufacturing industry is developing globally. Conventionally, the manufacturing industry generates a large volume of data that is often related to process, line and products. In this paper, we analyzed causes of defective products in the manufacturing process using the decision tree technique, that is a well-known technique used in data mining. We used data collected from the domestic manufacturing industry that includes Manufacturing Execution System (MES), Point of Production (POP), equipment data accumulated directly in equipment, in-process/external air-conditioning sensors and static electricity. We propose to implement a model using C4.5 decision tree algorithm. Specifically, the proposed decision tree model is modeled based on components of a specific part. We propose to identify the state of products, where the defect occurred and compare it with the generated decision tree model to determine the cause of the defect.

A Study on the Calculation Method about Emissions of Greenhouse Gases of Nonferrous-metal Industry Part in Domestic Nonferrous-metal Industry (국내 비철금속 산업부문 온실가스 발생량 산정 방법에 관연 연구)

  • Chung, Jin-Do;Han, Jong-Min;Kim, Jang-Woo
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
    • /
    • v.18 no.2
    • /
    • pp.197-203
    • /
    • 2009
  • The aim of this study is to calculate process emission of GHGs(greenhouse gases) in nonferrous-metal industry, such as Zn, Pb, Cu and Ni. In addition, variation and emission of GHGs generated from these company were defined. And then, GHGs algorithm and calculation formular which were considered as production process in each part of nonferrous-metal industry were developed to develop calculation program of GHGs emission. These algorithm and calculation formular would present fundamental direction about other nonferrous-metal industry in the future.

Diagnosing the Condition of Air-conditioning Compressors by Analyzing the Waveform of the Raw AE Signal

  • Kim Jeon-Ha;Lee Gam-Gyu;Kang Ik-Soo;Kang Myung-Chang;Kim Jeong-Suk
    • International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
    • /
    • v.7 no.3
    • /
    • pp.14-17
    • /
    • 2006
  • To diagnosis abnormal compressor conditions in an air-conditioner, the acoustic emission (AE) signal, which is derived from wear condition, compressed air, and assembly error, was analyzed experimentally. Burst and continuous type AE signals resulted from metal contact and compressed air, and the raw AE signal of compressors was acquired in the production line. After extracting samples using waveforms, the Early Life Test (ELT) was conducted and the waveform was classified as normal or abnormal. Efficient parameters in the waveform pattern were investigated in time and frequency domains and a diagnosis algorithm for air-conditioners using Neural Network estimation is suggested.

Characterization of Cork Biofilter (코르크담체를 이용한 유기휘발성화합물의 제거)

  • 권성현
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
    • /
    • v.11 no.12
    • /
    • pp.1327-1331
    • /
    • 2002
  • The cork have been preferred over the conventional materials, zeolite, ceramics, and lignite as a biofilter medium. During the 6 months of operation, the performance of the cork biofilter was considered good with 150ppm of mixture BTX vapor efficiencies greater than 90% at 60 second of EBCT. It was observed 56 % of removal efficiency under transition conditions at first stage, and then the removal efficiency was increased to above 90 %, and the sustainability of removal efficiency was maintained. At second stage, the performance of cork biofilter was not decreased 90 % efficiency with 150 ppm BTX at 30 sec. EBCT. The production of CO2 due to microbial respiration was increased to the 40 % on the operation of cork biofilter.