• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.783-790
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• 2007

The immobilization of proteins and their molecular interactions on various polymer-modified glass substrates [i.e. 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTS), 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTS), poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEG-DA), chitosan (CHI), glutaraldehyde (GA), 3-(trichlorosilyl)propyl methacrylate (TPM), 3'-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and poly-l-lysine (PL).] for potential applications in a nanoarray protein chip at the single-molecule level was evaluated using prismtype dual-color total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (dual-color TIRFM). A dual-color TIRF microscope, which contained two individual laser beams and a single high-sensitivity camera, was used for the rapid and simultaneous dual-color detection of the interactions and colocalization of different proteins labeled with different fluorescent dyes such as Alexa Fluor® 488, Qdot® 525 and Alexa Fluor® 633. Most of the polymer-modified glass substrates showed good stability and a relative high signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio over a 40-day period after making the substrates. The GPTS/CHI/GA-modified glass substrate showed a 13.5-56.3% higher relative S/N ratio than the other substrates. 1% Top-Block in 10 mM phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.4) showed a 99.2% increase in the blocking effect of non-specific adsorption. These results show that dual-color TIRFM is a powerful methodology for detecting proteins at the single-molecule level with potential applications in nanoarray chips or nano-biosensors.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.813-833
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• 2015

Spherical reticulated shells are widely applied in structural engineering due to their good bearing capability and attractive appearance. Parametric modeling of spherical reticulated shells is the basis of internal analysis and optimization design. In the present study, generation methods of nodes and the corresponding connection methods of rod elements are proposed. Modeling programs are compiled by adopting the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). A shape optimization method based on the two-stage algorithm is presented, and the corresponding optimization program is compiled in FORTRAN environment. Shape optimization is carried out based on the objective function of the minimum total steel consumption and the restriction condition of strength, stiffness, slenderness ratio, stability. The shape optimization of four typical Schwedler spherical reticulated shells is calculated with the span of 30 m~80 m and rise to span ratio of 1/7~1/2. Compared with the shape optimization results, the variation rules of total steel consumption along with the span and rise to span ratio are discussed. The results show that: (1) The left and right rod-Schwedler spherical reticulated shell is the most optimized and should be preferentially adopted in structural engineering. (2) The left diagonal rod-Schwedler spherical reticulated shell is second only to left and right rod regarding the mechanical behavior and optimized results. It can be applied to medium and small-span structures. (3) Double slash rod-Schwedler spherical reticulated shell is advantageous in mechanical behavior but with the largest total weight. Thus, this type can be used in large-span structures as far as possible. (4) The mechanical performance of no latitudinal rod-Schwedler spherical reticulated shell is the worst and with the second largest weight. Thus, this spherical reticulated shell should not be adopted generally in engineering.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.145-151
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• 2018

본 연구는 최근 도시의 매력을 높이는 요소로 관심이 높아지고 있는 도시브랜드 개발에 관한 연구이다. 기존의 도시브랜드 아이덴티티 설계의 접근방식은 행정기관이나 도시정부관련 내부이해관계자의 입장에서의 접근이었지만 본 연구에서는 도시의 대표적 외부이해관계자인 소비자입장에서 도시브랜드를 파악 설계하는 접근방식을 취하였다. 즉, 본 연구의 목적은 도시브랜드의 대표적 이미지를 도출하고, 이를 근거하여 소비자행동을 규명하여 도시브랜드 커뮤니케이션에 대한 마케팅전략제시를 목적으로 한다. 연구목적달성을 위해 선행연구를 바탕으로 선도적, 안정적, 유희적 이미지의 3가지 도시브랜드 이미지차원을 도출하였고, 이를 바탕으로 가상의 도시에 대한 3개의 시나리오를 실험자극물로 제작하였다. 실험결과, 가상의 도시에 대한 전반적 도시브랜드태도, 거주의도, 관광의도는 선도적, 안정적, 유희적 이미지에 따라 유의한 차이를 나타냄을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 연구결과는 기존의 특정 도시에 대한 제한적 제언의 한계를 벗어나 도시브랜드 이미지에 대한 보편적 시사점을 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2017년도 제48회 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.672-674
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• 2017

하이브리드 로켓의 연소 실험 과정에서 저 주파수 대역이 증폭하는 연소 불안정이 관찰되었다. 반면, 터빈 연소기에서는 혼합 특성 향상을 통하여 연소의 안정성을 얻기 위해 스월 유동을 사용한다. 본 연구에서는 하이브리드 로켓의 연소 불안정을 감소시키기 위하여 스월 인젝터를 사용하여 실험하였다. 그 결과, 하이브리드 로켓에서 스월 인젝터를 통하여 산화제를 주입한 경우 연소 불안정이 감소하였다. 산화제의 스월 유동의 변화는 연소실 내부의 난류유동 특성을 변화시키며 그 결과, 연소 불안정에 영향을 미친다. 따라서 스월 각도 변화를 통하여 스월 넘버 변화를 변화시킴으로써 유동 특성 변화에 대해 알아보았다. 유동 특성 변화가 주파수 특성에 미치는 영향, 압력진동과 연소진동의 상관관계에 대해 확인하였다.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2009년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.56.1-56.1
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• 2009

The intermediate operating temperature of solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs) have achieved considerable importance in the area of power fabrication. This is because to improve materials compatibility, their long-term stability and cost saving potential. However, to conserve rational cell performance at reduced-temperature regime, cathode performance should be obtained without negotiating the internal resistance and the electrode kinetics of the cell. Recently, double perovskite structure cathodes have been studied with great attention as a potential material for IT-SOFCs. In this study, double-perovskite structured cathodes of $GdBaCoCuO_{5+\delta}$, $GdBaCo_{2/3}Cu_{2/3}Fe_{2/3}O_{5+\delta}$ compositions and $(1-x)GdBaCo_2O_{5+\delta}+xCe_{0.9}Gd_{0.1}O_{1.95}$ (x = 10, 20, 30 and 40 wt.%) composites were evaluated as the cathode for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells(IT-SOFCs). Electrical conductivity of the cathodes were measured by DC 4-probe method, and the thermal expansion coefficient of each sample was measured up to $900^{\circ}C$ by a dilatometer study. Area specific resistances(ASR) of the $GdBaCo_{2/3}Cu_{2/3}Fe_{2/3}O_{5+\delta}$ cathode and 70 wt.% $GdBaCo_2O5+\delta$ + 30wt.% Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 composite cathode on CGO electrolyte substrate were analyzed using AC 3-probe impedance study. The obtained results demonstrate that double perovskite-based compositions are promising cathode materials for IT-SOFCs.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.463-468
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• 2005

The purpose of the present study was to develop a standard protocol for imidapril hydrochloride bioequivalence testing. For this reason, a specific LC-MS method was developed and validated for the determination of imidapril in human plasma. A solid-phase extraction cartridge, $Sep-pak^{R}$ C18, was used to extract imidapril and ramipril (an internal standard) from deproteinized plasma. The compounds were separated using a XTerra $MS^{R}$?C18 column ($3.5 {\mu}m, 2.1\times150 mm$) and $acetonitrile-0.1\%$ formic acid (67:33, v/v) adjusted to pH 2.4 by 2 mmol/L ammonium formic acid, as mobile phase at 0.3 mL/min. Imidapril was detected as m/z 406 at a retention time of ca. 2.3 min, and ramipril as m/z 417 at ca. 3.6 min. The described method showed acceptable specificity, linearity from 0.5 to 100 ng/mL, precision (expressed as a relative standard deviation of less than $15\%$), accuracy, and stability. The plasma concentration-versus-time curves of eight healthy male volunteers administered a single dose of imidapril (10 mg), gave an $AUC_{12hr}$ of imidapril of $121.48\pm35.81 ng mL^{-1} h$, and $C_{max} and T_{max}$ values of $32.59\pm9.76 ng/mL and 1.75\pm0.27 h$. The developed method should be useful for the determination of imidapril in plasma with sufficient sensitivity and specificity in bioequivalence study.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2015

This paper proposes a novel way of fabricating aligned porous Sn by freeze-drying of camphene slurry with stannic oxide ($SnO_2$) coated Sn powders. The $SnO_2$ coated Sn powders were prepared by surface oxidation of the initial and ball-milled Sn powders, as well as heat treatment of tin chloride coated Cu powders. Camphene slurries with 10 vol% solid powders were prepared by mixing at $50^{\circ}C$ with a small amount of oligomeric polyester dispersant. Freezing the slurry was done in a Teflon cylinder attached to a copper bottom plate cooled at $-25^{\circ}C$. Improved dispersion stability of camphene slurry and the homogeneous frozen body was achieved using the oxidized Sn powder at $670^{\circ}C$ in air after ball milling. The porous Sn specimen, prepared by freeze-drying of the camphene slurry with oxidized Sn powder from the heat-treated Sn/tin chloride mixture and sintering at $1100^{\circ}C$ for 1 h in a hydrogen atmosphere, showed large pores of about $200{\mu}m$, which were aligned parallel to the camphene growth direction, and small pores in their internal walls. However, $100{\mu}m$ spherical particles were observed in the bottom part of the specimen due to the melting of the Sn powder during sintering of the green compact.

• 멤브레인
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.349-354
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• 2005

이트리아 안정화 지르코니아(yttria stabilized zirconia, YSZ)를 전해질로 선정하여 소결조건에 따른 열적 안정성과 전기적인 특성을 분석하였다. SEM사진으로 소결온도가 증가할수록 입자가 커지므로 상대적으로 기공은 줄어드는 것을 보였고 입자크기에 따른 영향을 확인하였다. 전기적 특성을 알아보고자 2단자법(2-probe method)으로 $800\~1000^{\circ}C$의 오도에서 교류 임피던스 측정을 통하여 전해질 내의 저항과 전기전도도 측정으로 입자 내부 저항 및 전기적 성능을 평가하였다. 소결온도가 $1400^{\circ}C$일 때 건식법과 습식법에서 밀도는 각각 6.13, 6.25 $g/cm^3$이며, 상대밀도는 각각 98, 99$\%$였다. 소결온도가 올라갈수록 저항은 낮아지고, 전도도는 커지는 것을 확인할 수 있으며, 건식 및 습식법으로 제작한 전해질의 전기전도도는 $10000^{\circ}C$에서 각각 $8.8\times10^{-2},\;11\times10^{-2}$ S/cm이었다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.435-441
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• 2010

To verify the possibility of a power generation system using biogas from the waste of pig farm for rural electric production, a SI gasoline engine is modified to use biogas fuel and was installed in a 20 KVA power generation system. An electronic speed regulation unit is developed to keep the system speed at 1500 rpm. Experimental investigations have been carried out to examine the performance characteristics of power generation system (such as: system frequency, phase output voltage,$\ldots$). In addition, the operating parameters and output emissions ($NO_x$, HC, and $CO_2$) of biogas-fueled engine are preliminary evaluated and analyzed for the change of system load. Results indicated that the researched power generation system shows a high stability of output voltage and frequency with help of speed regulator. Biogas fuel (mainly $CH_4$ and $CO_2$) has an environmental impact and potential as a green alternative fuel for SI engine and they would not require significant modification of existing engine hardware. Output emissions of biogas-fueled engine are found to be relative low. $NO_x$ emission increases with the increase of output electric power of the power generation system.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.510-515
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• 2006

The putative EPA synthesis gene cluster was mined from the entire genome sequence of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1. The gene cluster encodes a PKS-like pathway that consists of six open reading frames (ORFs): ORFSO1602 (multi-domain beta-ketoacyl synthase, KS-MAT-4ACPs-KR), ORFSO1600 (acyl transferase, AT), ORFSO1599 (multi-domain beta-ketoacyl synthase, KS-CLF-DH-DH), ORFSO1597 (enoyl reductase, ER), ORFSO1604 (phosphopentetheine transferase, PPT), and ORFSO1603 (transcriptional regulator). In order to prove involvement of the PKS-like machinery in EPA synthesis, a 20.195-kb DNA fragment containing the genes was amplified from S. oneidensis MR-1 by the long-PCR method. Its identity was confirmed by the methods of restriction enzyme site mapping and nested PCR of internal genes orfSO1597 and orfSO1604. The DNA fragment was cloned into Escherichia coli using cosmid vector SuperCos1 to form pCosEPA. Synthesis of EPA was observed in four E. coli clones harboring pCosEPA, of which the maximum yield was 0.689% of the total fatty acids in a clone designated 9704-23. The production yield of EPA in the E. coli clone was affected by cultivation temperature, showing maximum yield at $20^{\circ}C$ and no production at $30^{\circ}C$ or higher. In addition, production yield was inversely proportional to glucose concentration of the cultivation medium. From the above results, it was concluded that the PKS-like modules catalyze the synthesis of EPA. The synthetic process appears to be subject to regulatory mechanisms triggered by various environmental factors. This most likely occurs via the control of gene expression, protein stability, or enzyme activity.