• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.2263-2268
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• 2015

Background: Many studies have reported associations of the X-ray repair cross-complementing group 3 (XRCC3) Thr241Met polymorphism with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, but the results remained controversial. Hence, we performed the present meta-analysis with different inheritance models. Materials and Methods: We searched the PubMed and Google scholar databases for studies relating to associations between XRCC3 Thr241Met polymorphism and risk of CRC. 16 studies with 5,193 cases and 6,645 controls were finally included into the meta-analysis. Results: We found that the XRCC3 Thr241Met polymorphism was associated with increased CRC risk only under a dominant genetic model (CC+CT vs. TT: OR 0.575, 95%CI 0.498-1.665, p<0.001, $P_{heterogeneity}=0.00$, $I^2=83%$). There was a significant association between XRCC3 Thr241Met polymorphism and CRC risk in Caucasian in the overall 8 studies under only in the heterozygote genetic model (CT vs. TT: OR=0.929, 95%CI =0.806-1.070, P=0.308, $P_{heterogeneity}=0.002$, $I^2=57%$). Four studies evaluated the XRCC3 Thr241Met polymorphism and CRC risk in Asians. Two genetic models of the XRCC3 polymorphism were significantly correlated with increasing risk in Asians (dominant model: CC+CT vs. TT: OR= 0.609, 95%CI=411-0.902, P=0.013, $P_{heterogeneity}=0.54$, $I^2=0.00%$; Allele model: C vs. T: OR=0.708, 95 %=CI 0.605-0.829, p=0.000, $P_{heterogeneity}=0.000$, $I^2=92%$). The sensitivity analysis suggested stability of this meta-analysis and no publication bias was detected. Conclusions: In conclusion, this meta-analysis indicates that XRCC3 Thr241Met shows an increased CRC risk, particularly in Asians rather than Caucasians.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.132-137
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• 1999

Displaced tibial spine fractures need the anatomical reduction of the displaced bone fragment to achieve normal range of motion and anterior stability of the knee joint. The purpose of this paper is to describe details of arthroscopic technique using suture hook and pull-out PDS and to evaluate the clinical results. We report 7 cases who underwent arthroscopic reduction and internal fixation using suture hook and pull-out PDS. All cases had fresh fractures generated within 3 weeks. The follow up period was at average 16.6 months. The fracture union was achieved at average 7.4 weeks. Knee exercise was started 2 weeks after the operation. One of the patients, who had combined injury of posterior cruciate ligament and lateral meniscus, showed limitation of knee movement. But he was underwent the arthroscopic fibrolysis at one year later, he returned to normal range of motion. Arthroscopic treatment of displaced tibial spine fracture using suture hook and pull-out PDS showed good results including rigid fixation and early mobilization. Therefore it is thought to be one of the effective operative techniques in treatment of the tibial spine fractures.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.89-95
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• 2006

A selective and sensitive reversed-phase HPLC method for the determination of pentoxifylline in human serum was developed, validated, and applied to the pharmacokinetic study of pentoxifylline. Pentoxifylline and internal standard, chloramphenicol, were extracted from the serum by liquid-liquid extraction with dichloromethane and analyzed on a Luna CI8(2) column with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.034 M phosphoric acid (25:75, v/v, adjusted to pH 4.0 with 10 M NaOH). Detection wavelength of 273 nm and flow rate of 0.8 mL/min were used. This method showed linear response over the concentration range of 10-500 ng/mL with correlation coefficients greater than 0.999. The lower limit of quantification using 0.5 mL of the serum was 10 ng/mL, which was sensitive enough for pharmacokinetic studies of pentoxifylline. The overall accuracy of the quality control samples ranged from 89.3 to 92.7% for pentoxifylline with overall precision (% C.V.) being 4.1-9.2%. The relative mean recovery of pentoxifylline for human serum was 105.8%. Stability (stock solution, short and long-term) studies showed that pentoxifylline was not stable during storage. But three freeze-thaw cycles and extracted serum samples were stable. This method showed good ruggedness (within 15% C.V.) and was successfully applied for the analysis of pentoxifylline in human serum samples for the pharmacokinetic studies of orally administered $Trental^{\circledR}$ tablet (400 mg pentoxifylline), demonstrating the suitability of the method.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.338-346
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• 2020

In this study, we first measured the Malmquist productivity index by DEA among the Korean ocean carriers. Second, it was intended to present measures to improve productivity by identifying the influence and discriminating power between productivity and the major financial ratios (profitability, financial stability, liquidity, efficiency and value-added productivity). Compared to 2017, there are 11 more shipping carriers with decline in productivity (MPI) than those with an increase in 2018. The increase in productivity is attributed to an increase in the Technology Change Index (TCI) affected by the external environment. There is strong significant correlation between the productivity (MPI) and the management efficiency (CRS). Additionally, the TECI (TECHI) index of the technological efficiency changes from internal factors of the shipping carrier is significantly higher than that of the efficient shipping carrier. This is because of the differences in scale efficiency. The ratio of charter cost/sales is also lower than that of the carriers with high productivity (0.17) and with low productivity (0.21). With 7% of the shipping carrier with MPI>1, only 1% of MPI <1 is found to have a significant impact on its productivity.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.131-143
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• 2000

Several theoretical analyses are performed to predict the vertical load on embankment piles with cap beams. The piles are installed in a row in soft ground below the embankment and the cap beams are placed perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the embankment. Two failure mechanisms such as the soil arching failure and the punching shear failure are investigated according to the failure pattern in embankment on soft ground supported by piles with cap beams. The soil arching can be developed when the space between cap beams is narrow and/or the embankment is high enough. In the investigation of the soil arching failure, the stability in the crown of the arch is compared with that above the cap beams. The factors affecting the load transfer in the embankment fill by soil arching are the space between cap beams, the width of cap beams and the soil parameters of the embankment fill. The portion of the embankment load carried by cap beams decreases with increment of the space between cap beams, while it increases with the embankment height, the width of cap beams, the internal friction angle and cohesion of the embankment fill. Thus, the factors affecting load transfer in embankment should be appropriately decided in order to maximize the effect of embankment load transfer by piles.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.639-648
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• 2014

As provider-centered medical environment has changed into consumer-centered, this study intends to improve the efficiency of management by motivation to administrative staffs and improvement in job satisfaction. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that influence job satisfaction among administrative staffs in a metropolitan university hospitals. Survey of 305 people in total were used in the data analysis. AMOS 21 Ver. was used to perform Structural model(SEM) equation. First, the validation results showed the follow results $X^2=206.776$, df=77, Q=2.685, P<.001, GFI=.915, TLI=.927, CFI=.946, RMSEA=.074, which supported this research's significance. Second, compensation and working conditions positively affected motivation. Third, motivation positively influenced job satisfaction. Fourth, communication positively influenced job satisfaction. Fifth, after adjusting the mediating effect, in the relationship between compensation and job satisfaction, it was proved that motivation was a complete mediator. Incase of the relationship between the working conditions and job satisfaction, motivation acted as a partial mediator. Fair and reasonable compensation and employment stability, benefits and other working conditions, better internal and external communication between the organization are to increase job satisfaction. To do this, an administrator needs to have attention and will, and a variety of education and training programs need to be developed. The purpose of this study is to provide basic grounds for future policies related to increasing administrative staffs' job satisfaction.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.1319-1323
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• 2015

Aquaculture continues to be an ever-growing sector. However, high-density farming increases disease outbreaks due to deteriorating water quality and internal stress. To prevent disease, the most common method chemotherapy is using antibiotic administration. In this study, probiotic bacteria were isolated from Korean traditional foods, such a Gochu pickle and cutlassfish salted seafood. Various bacteria were isolated, and their 16S rDNA sequences were analyzed. The antimicrobial activities of four isolates from Gochu pickle and seven isolates from cutlassfish salted seafood were assayed, in addition to the antibacterial activity of culture pellet and supernatant. The antibacterial activity of the pellet was higher than that of the supernatant. Isolate JKM-2 showed the highest antibacterial activity against Streptococcus iniae (43 mm), S. parauberis (40 mm), S. mutans (35 mm), and Vibrio vuinificus (26.5 mm). The sequences of the isolated strains were compared with those of Bacillus subtilis (97.71%), B. tequilensis (97.71%), Brevibacterium halotolerans (97.71%), B. subtilis (97.63%), B. subtilis (97.63%), B. mojavensis (97.54%), B. vallismortis (97.46%), B. nanillea (97.45%), B. methylotrophicus (97.37%), and B. ssiamensis (97.37%). Future through analysis and new strains confirmed the bacterial cell material investigation of JKM-3, and to ensure sufficient stability, it is desired to verify the utility value as a substitute material for antibiotics by application to the form of the industry.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.57-65
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• 2014

In order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in recent agricultural energy and increase the energy self-sufficiency rate of each farmer, it is extremely important to expand the supply of solar energy using unused space of agricultural facilities, roof. This study surveyed and analyzed the environmental and administrative factors such as problems according to the structure, azimuth and latitude of broiler houses and stability of standard broiler houses required to use broiler house roof based on the poultry houses in Sangju-si. The results can be summarized as follows: 55.6% of the solar energy facilities of according to the classification of arable lands of broiler houses were available, and 31.7% of them were available by classifying according to the azimuth. However, 20.6% of them were available in the survey considering all the arable land and azimuth. In the roof inclination of the broiler houses, from 20 to $25^{\circ}$ was the most common, 30 broiler houses. The broiler houses with the roof inclination more than $20^{\circ}$ accounted for 63% of the total. It was considered that the inclination was generally proper. In the structural safety, only 3 broiler houses that were constructed as a standard broiler house were available. In practice, all but one broiler house was inappropriate to expand the solar energy project using roof. The solar thermal facility weighed $63.6kg/m^2$ in total: the frame and solar thermal collector weighed $27.8kg/m^2$ and $35.8kg/m^2$, respectively. The standard broiler house required to be internally reinforced. This study suggested a plan for internal reinforcement and a feasible plan because there were problems with structural safety when installing solar thermal and photovoltaic systems.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.19-22
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• 2017

Moyamoya disease is characterized by progressive bilateral narrowing of the internal carotid arteries(ICA) and their main branches, and formation of a fine vascular network (moyamoya vessels) at the base of brain. Mild intellectual or motor impairment, or both can be seen in moyamoya disease patient. Patients having intellectual disability usually have malocclusions associated with oral habits such as tongue thrusting, bruxism, or clenching. A patient with moyamoya disease and cerebral palsy visited Chonbuk National University hospital for dental examination. She showed mild openbite on anterior teeth, and had oral habits such as mouth breathing, tongue thrusting, and drooling. She was treated with myofunctional therapy(MFT) whose purpose was to strengthen orofacial muscles. Lip closing force and bite force were recorded to evaluate the muscle tone. Tongue crib was delivered to restrict tongue thrusting habit, since her compliance to the MFT was decreased after 6 months of treatment. With the MFT and tongue crib, the openbite was fairly improved. When myofunctional therapy has difficulty in obtaining good compliances, the treatment should not be effective enough. Although intellectually disabled patients are not compliant enough, thus a habit breaking device should be needed to treat the openbite caused by oral habits, dentist should make an effort to do MFT, since it could reduce a treatment period, and enhance the stability.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 1995

During sleep, relatively major respiratory physiological changes occur in healthy subjects. The contributions and interactions of voluntary and metabolic breathing control systems during waking and sleep are quite different Alterations of ventilatory control occur in chemosensitivity, response to mechanical loads, and stability of ventilation. The activities of intercostal muscles and muscles involved in regulating upper airway size are decreased during sleep. These respiratory physiological changes during sleep compromise the nocturnal ventilatory function, and sleep is an important physiological cause of the nocturnal alveolar hypoventilation. There are several causes of chronic alveolar hypoventilation including cardiopulmonary, neuromuscular diseases. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is an important cause of nocturnal hypoventilation and hypoxia. Coexistent cardiopulmonary or neuromuscular disease in patients with OSAS contributes to the development of diurnal alveolar hypoventilation, diurnal hypoxia and hypercapnia. The existing data indicates that nocturnal recurrent hypoxia and fragmentation of sleep in patients with OSAS contributes to the development of systemic hypertension and cardiac bradytachyarrhythmia, and diurnal pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale in patients with OSAS is usually present in patients with coexisting cardiac or pulmonary disease. Recent studies reported that untreated patients with OSAS had high long-term mortality rates, cardiovascular complications of OSAS had a major effect on mortality, and effective management of OSAS significantly decreased mortality.