• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.97-113
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• 2005

Investigating mathematics teachers in middle schools by questionnaire and interview, we find some problems of internal professional structure of mathematics teachers in middle schools. These are reflected in five aspects: professional theory, professional knowledge, professional ability, professional morality, reflection and innovative consciousness.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.35-53
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• 2019

감사기구는 조직 내에서 감시와 통제 활동을 통해 전문경영인의 기회주의적인 의사결정과 행위를 줄여 주는 기능을 수행하는 내부통제 메커니즘으로서의 높은 독립성이 요구된다. 본 연구는 기업의 소유구조 상의 특성들이 상근감사의 독립성에 미치는 영향을 분석하는데 주된 목적을 두고 실행되었다. 그리고 이 같은 목적을 달성하기 위하여 상근감사의 독립성을 전문경영인과의 학연과 출신기업을 기준으로 산출한 후 전문경영인의 지분율이 독립적인 상근감사의 선임에 미치는 영향을 분석하였으며, 내부대주주인 특수관계인과 외부대주주인 기관투자자 및 외국인투자자의 지분율이 이 같은 관계에 미치는 조절효과를 분석하였다. 분석결과에 따르면 전문경영인의 지분율과 상근감사의 독립성은 부(-)의 관계가 있으며, 특수관계인의 지분율은 이 같은 관계를 정(＋)의 방향으로 조절하는 것으로 나타났으나, 외국인투자자와 기관투자자 지분율의 조절효과는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 이러한 연구 결과는 전문경영인은 자신의 지분율이 높아 질수록 강화된 권한을 활용하여 독립성이 낮은 상근감사를 선임하려고 시도하는 반면, 특수관계인들은 자신들의 부를 보호하는데 도움이 되는 독립성이 높은 상근감사를 선임하고자 한다는 사실을 보여주고 있다. 본 연구는 기업의 소유구조 상의 특성들이 독립적인 상근감사의 선임에 미치는 영향을 분석한 첫 번째 연구로서, 분석결과는 전문경영인과 소유구조 상의 특성에 따른 상근감사 선임기준에 대한 실무적 가이드라인을 제공하고 있다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.703-716
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• 2016

In this paper, we have investigated shear horizontal wave propagation in a layered structure, consisting of granular macromorphic rock (Dionysos Marble) substrate underlying a viscoelastic layer of finite thickness. SH waves characteristics are affected by the material properties of both substrate and the coating. The effects of microstructural parameter "characteristic length" of the substrate, along with heterogeneity, internal friction and thickness of viscoelastic layer are studied on the dispersion curves. Dispersion equation for SH wave is derived. Real and damping phase velocities of SH waves are studied against dimensionless wave number, for different combinations of various parameters involved in the problem.

• 복식
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• 제62권4호
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• pp.181-194
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to examine the attributes and internal structure of fashion brand authenticity, a new concept of brand association. For qualitative research, a total of 22 samples of consumers and professional groups were selected to implement in-depth interviews and focus group interviews. The results of this study were as follows: 1) the authenticity of fashion brand included various sub-dimensions. Attributes that constituted the authenticity of fashion brand, consisted of these following 8 dimensions: heritage, authority, relationship to place, consistency, non-popularity, trend-leading, originality and sustainability. 2) sub-dimensions of the fashion brand authenticity were once again categorized into core attributes and promoted attributes. Dimensions such as heritage, authority, relationship to place, consistency and non-popularity dimensions were inherent attributes of the brand, formed at a comparatively long time. Subsequently, these were categorized as core attributes of the authenticity of fashion brand. The trend-leading, originality and sustainability can form in a relatively short period of time by accepting the change, so it was categorized as promoted attributes which were created at the front stage with the consumers.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.259-267
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• 2022

With the rapid development and introduction of digital technologies, both everyday human life and technological processes of any production are changing, which stimulates the transformation of the economy and education. Digital technologies are not only a tool, but also a living environment of modern human, which opens up new opportunities: learning at any convenient time, continuing education, the ability to form individual educational learning trajectories and more. However, the digital environment requires teachers to take a modern approach to the organization of the educational process, the formation of new skills and abilities to work in the digital educational environment. As a result of the study, it was found that the system of vocational education should provide training for masters of industrial training who have a high level of digital competence. The purpose of the article is to single out, theoretically substantiate and determine the level of formation of structural components of digital competence of future masters of agricultural training. The structure of digital competence of agricultural master was analyzed on the basis of domestic and foreign scientists researches. Systematized research results indicate that digital competence consists of four components: motivational-value (combination of internal and external motives for the use of digital technologies in future professional activities), cognitive (a set of theoretical knowledge, skills and abilities of future master of industrial training to effectively build educational process with the use of digital technologies), activity-professional (expansion and deepening of knowledge, skills, necessary skills for effective implementation of digital technologies in the educational process) and evaluative-reflexive (ability to analyze and self-analyze own activities and its results taking into account professional characteristics, self-realization in professional activities through the use of digital technologies). These components are comparable with the indicators that describe the knowledge, skills and abilities needed by the future master of industrial training to organize the modern educational process. A questionnaire was conducted to determine the levels of this competence formation, which allows us to conclude that it is necessary to increase the level of formation of all components of digital competence of future masters of industrial training in agriculture. The results of the study can be used as a basis for the development of disciplines that form the special competencies of masters of industrial training in agriculture and programs of advanced training of teachers.

• Architectural research
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2021

Project management information systems (PMIS) have been implemented to support cooperation among the participants of construction projects. Unlike other information systems used by members from an organization with similar culture and business environment, the PMIS are members from one-off fragmented project organization with diverse professional background. Successful operation is significantly affected by the tendencies of client's side and individual awareness of participants. In this regard, it is imperative to evaluate the success of the system based on the individual characteristics of PMIS users. Thus, this study proposes a method for determining the system success by analyzing the extent of the effects of system factors such as System Quality, Information Quality, and Service Quality and individual factors such as a user's IT application ability, Extrinsic Motivation to achieve User Satisfaction, and loyalty. Accordingly, a structural equation model (SEM), an effective tool to examine of the comprehensive structure of a causal relationship, is applied for analysis because the internal awareness of individuals is established as a variable.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.1094-1098
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• 2010

With the high prevalence of functional dyspepsia in the world, it was difficult to get objective diagnosis, treatment and assessment for the reason that there were many different symptoms and signs. The purpose of this study is to develop a standard instrument of pattern identification for functional dyspepsia which will be applied to clinical research. The items and structure of the instrument were based on review of published literature. The advisor committee on this study was organized by 11 oriental division of gastroenterology professors of oriental medical colleges nationwide. The experts discussed developing the instrument, and we also took professional advices by e-mail. We divided the symptoms and signs of functional dyspepsia into 6 pattern identification, such as disharmony of liver and stomach, retention of undigested food, damp-heat in the spleen and stomach, simultaneous occurrence of cold and heat syndromes, deficiency and cold of the spleen and the stomach, and insufficiency of stomach eum. We got the mean weights to each symptom of six pattern identification which had been scored on a 5-point scale ranging from 1 to 5 by the 11 experts. We made out the Korean instrument of the pattern identification composed of 45 questions for functional dyspepsia. Although there are some limitations in our study, the instrument is meaningful and certain worth of its own. We hope to improve the instrument through the further clinical studies and discussions.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.1226-1233
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• 2009

Common cold occurs frequently and occupies an important position in medical treatment however obvious treatment is not suggested. There has been no agreement of pattern identification for common cold in oriental medicine. The purpose of this study is to develop a standard instrument of pattern identification for common cold which will be applied to clinical research. The items and structure of the instrument were based on review of published literature. The advisor committee on this study was organized by 9 oriental respiratory internal medicine professors of 11 oriental medical colleges nationwide. The experts attended 3 consultation meetings and discussed developing the instrument, and we also took professional advices by e-mail. The results were as follows; First, we divided the pattern identification of common cold into nine pattern: Wind-cold type, Wind-heat type, Contain summerheat type, Contain dampness type, Qi deficiency type, Blood deficiency type, Yang deficiency type, Yin deficiency type, Influenza. Second, we got the mean weights to each symptom of nine pattern identification which had been scored on a 5-point scale - ranging from 0 to 4 by the 9 experts. Third, we made out the Korean instrument of the pattern identification for common cold. It was composed self reporting questionnaire and researcher reporting questionnaire. Though this study is not proved about validity, reliability, the instrument of pattern identification for common cold is meaningful and expected to be applied to the subsequent research. And also, we hope to improve the instrument and make up for this study through various research and discussion.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.91-101
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• 2008

대부분의 디자이너는 3DS MAX와 같은 전문 3D 애니메이션 저작도구를 사용하여 수작업으로 애니메이션을 제작한다. 이 방법은 많은 시간과 노력을 필요로 하며, 애니메이션 캐릭터들이 서로 상호작용 할 수 없다. 이를 개선하기 위해, 본 논문에서는 3DS MAX플러그인 형태의 인공지능 미들웨어를 설계하고 미들웨어에 필요한 인공지능 표현 구조와 내부 처리 방안을 제안한다. 제안 방법은 캐릭터가 보유할 인공지능 요소를 도형과 선분으로 그려 표현하는 방법으로 캐릭터의 인공지능 구조를 제작한다. 실험을 위해 기존 방법과, 제안하는 방법을 사용하여 동일한 애니메이션을 제작하고 작업량을 측정하였다. 실험 결과 소규모 작업에서는 기존의 방법과 비슷하거나 작업량이 많으나, 대규모의 작업에서는 기존 방법에 비해 최대 43%의 작업량 감소를 확인하였다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법을 사용하면, 애니메이션에서 캐릭터간의 상호작용이 가능하며 작업량 감소 효과를 얻을 수 있다.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 ESG의 G(Governance) 구성요소인 기업의 소유·지배구조가 연구개발투자와 기업가치간 관련성에 유의미한 조절효과를 가지는가를 검증하였다. 2013~2020년 동안 KOSPI 시장에 상장된 405개 제조기업 총 2,825개의 표본을 대상으로 패널분석을 수행한 결과, 연구개발투자는 기업가치에 부정적인 영향을 미치며, 또한 이들 관계는 기업의 소유·지배구조 특성에 따라 조절됨을 발견하였다. 소유경영자에 비해 상대적으로 경영에 대한 전문지식 수준이 높은 전문경영자가 연구개발투자를 주도할 때, 연구개발투자가 기업가치에 미치는 부정적인 영향이 완화됨을 확인하였다. 또한, 외부 주요주주의 지분율이 높을수록 연구개발투자가 기업가치에 미치는 부정적 영향을 감소시켰는데, 이는 외부 주요주주의 힘이 강할수록 경영자를 효과적으로 감시할 수 있고 경영자에게 정보 공개를 요구하여 기업 내외부 주주간 정보비대칭성이 완화되기 때문으로 해석된다. 연구결과는 ESG의 요소들이 기업가치에 직접적인 영향을 미칠 뿐 아니라 기업가치에 대한 조절효과를 가질 수 있음을 시사한다.