• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.309-320
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• 2011

As a new type of large-span space structure, suspendome is composited of the upper single-layer reticulated shell and the lower cable-strut system. It has better mechanical properties compared to single-layer reticulated shell, and the overall stiffness of suspendome structure increases greatly due to the prestress of cable. Consequently, it can cross a larger span reasonably, economically and grandly with high rigidity, good stability and simple construction. For a better assessment of the advantages of mechanical characteristic of suspendome quantitatively, the static behavior of Kiewitt6 suspendome was studied by using finite element method, and ADINA was the software application to implement the analysis. By studying a certain suspendome, the internal forces, deformation and support constrained forces of the structure were obtained in this paper. Furthermore, the influences of parameters including prestress, stay bar length, cross-sectional area and rise-to-span ratio were also discussed. The results show that the increase of prestress and vertical stay bar length can improve the stiffness of suspendome; Cross-sectional area has nearly no impact on the static behavior, and the rise-to-span ratio is the most sensitive parameter.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.377-385
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• 2005

An analytical model was developed using the lumped mass parameter method to estimate temperature distribution of metal parts and refrigerant of the hermetic reciprocating compressor, All of the lumped mass has been equated with the first law of thermodynamics. In the delivered equation, correlations of heat transfer coefficient in the heat transfer equation were taken from open literature. The equations are solved by Gauss-Jordan method simultaneously. To verify the developed numerical program, an experiment was conducted with a domestic refrigerator. The compressor which had been installed at the bottom of the experimental refrigerator was modified to measure internal temperature. Model verification test was conducted at $30^{\circ}C$ outdoor temperature with variation of compressor cooling conditions. As a result, there is a good consistency between calculated temperature and measured one.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 1999

A study was made on the fabrication of nanostructured Fe-Co powders by mechanical alloying and their magnetic properties. Microstrural development during the process of MA was inverstigated by means of X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analyzer, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The magnetic properties of NS Fe-Co powders were evaluated through the measurements of the saturation magnetization $(M_s)$ as well as the coercivity $(H_c)$. The average grain size calculated from line braodening in XRD peak was about 10nm or less and confirmed by TEM. In this experiment, two different milling methods (cycle opertion and conventional milling) were used. Cycle operation had an advantage over the conventional milling method in that more refined powders can be obtained. Solid state alloying of the components was confirmed from both the change of the saturation magnetization and the change of lattice parameter with Co contentration. Maxium $M_s$ was obtained at the composition of 30at.%Co. Relatively high coercivities of 10~150e were obtained for the compositions investigated, and this seems to be due to the high amount of internal strain introduced during milling.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.29 no.12
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• pp.645-653
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• 2017

Thermal and flow modeling and fin structure optimization were performed to reduce the weight of an electrical device with a staggered fin. First, a numerical model for thermal and flow characteristics was suggested, and then, the model was verified experimentally. Using the verified model, improvement in cooling performance of the cooling system through the staggered fins was predicted. As a result, 87.5% of total heat generated was dissipated through the cooling fins, and a thermal island was observed in the rotor because of low velocity of the internal air flow through the air gap. In addition, it was confirmed that the staggered fin improves the cooling performance but it also increases the total pressure drop within the cooling system, by maximizing the leading edge effect. Based on this analysis result, the effect of each design parameter on the thermal and flow characteristics was analyzed to select the main optimal design parameters, and multi-objective optimization was performed by considering the cooling performance and the fin weight. In conclusion, the optimized fin structure improved the cooling performance by 7% and reduced the fin weight by 28% without any compromise of the pressure drop.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.97-107
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• 1970

The grand canonical ensemble partition function for the adsorbed phase of gases on solid surfaces is derived according to the transient state theory of significant liquid structure. The derived adsorption isotherms from the partition function for argon, nitrogen and benzene adsorbed on various adsorbents are in good agreement with the observed values. The surface pressure, the molar entropy, the molar internal energy and the molar heat of adsorption are calculated for benzene adsorbed on graphite. The molar entropy is minimum at near the pressure where a close packed monolayer is formed. The method of parameter determination is illustrated.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.298-303
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• 2011

A capsular endoscope (CE) for inspection of the large intestine requires a motor for backward navigation against the autonomous travel in the intestine. This study proposes an HF power system for generating a magnetic field and for delivering wireless power to the internal or implanted medical devices. The magnetic field is generated by a wound coil (L) around a wooden frame, and the current is driven to the coil through a resonating capacitor (C). The characteristics of the resonance frequency shifting of the L-C series circuit are analyzed. A stable magnetic field intensity in the field coil is maintained by a specially designed frequency tracking system that automatically follows the L-C resonance frequency. Testing confirmed that the oscillation system tracks well the parameter changes of the electric components caused by the operating conditions or environmental variations.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.633-649
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• 2011

The paper presents a study aimed at understanding some characteristics of an interior explosion within a room with limited or no venting. The explosion may occur in ammunition storage or result from a terrorist action or from a warhead that had penetrated into this room. The study includes numerical simulations of the problem and analytical derivations. Different types of analysis (1-D, 2-D and 3-D analysis) were performed for a room with rigid walls and the results were analyzed. For the 3D problem the effect of the charge size and its location within the room was investigated and a new insight regarding the pressure distribution on the interior wall as function of these parameters has been gained. The numerical analyses were carried out using the Eulerian multi-material approach. Further, an approximate analytical formula to predict the residual internal pressure was developed. The formula is based on the conservation law of total energy and its implementation yields very good agreement with the results obtained numerically using the complete statement of the problem for a wide range of explosive weights and room sizes that is expressed through a non-dimensional parameter. This new formula is superior to existing literature recommendations and compares considerably better with the above numerical results.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.25-41
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• 2012

Kriging surrogate model provides explicit functions to represent the relationships between the inputs and outputs of a linear or nonlinear system, which is a desirable advantage for response estimation and parameter identification in structural design and model updating problem. However, little research has been carried out in applying Kriging model to crack identification. In this work, a scheme for crack identification based on a Kriging surrogate model is proposed. A modified rectangular grid (MRG) is introduced to move some sample points lying on the boundary into the internal design region, which will provide more useful information for the construction of Kriging model. The initial Kriging model is then constructed by samples of varying crack parameters (locations and sizes) and their corresponding modal frequencies. For identifying crack parameters, a robust stochastic particle swarm optimization (SPSO) algorithm is used to find the global optimal solution beyond the constructed Kriging model. To improve the accuracy of surrogate model, the finite element (FE) analysis soft ANSYS is employed to deal with the re-meshing problem during surrogate model updating. Specially, a simple method for crack number identification is proposed by finding the maximum probability factor. Finally, numerical simulations and experimental research are performed to assess the effectiveness and noise immunity of this proposed scheme.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.635-655
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• 2016

The effects of reinforcement on the horizontal and vertical deformations of geosynthetic reinforced retaining walls are investigated under a well-known seismic load (San Jose earthquake, 1955). Retaining walls are designed with internal and external stability (with appropriate factor of safety) and deformation is chosen as the main parameter for describing the wall behavior under seismic load. Retaining walls with various heights (6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 meter) are optimized for geosynthetics arrangement, and modeled with a finite element method. The stress-strain behavior of the walls under a well-known loading type, which has been used by many previous researchers, is investigated. A comparison is made between the reinforced and non-reinforced systems to evaluate the effect of reinforcement on decreasing the deformation of the retaining walls. The results show that the reinforcement system significantly controls the deformation of the top and middle of the retaining walls, which are the critical points under dynamic loading. It is shown that the optimized reinforcement system in retaining walls under the studied seismic loading could decrease horizontal and vertical deformation up to 90% and 40% respectively.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.75 no.6
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• pp.713-722
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• 2020

This article aims to illustrate the damped dynamic responses of layered functionally graded (FG) thick 2D beam under dynamic pulse sinusoidal load by using finite element method, for the first time. To investigate the response of thick beam accurately, two-dimensional plane stress problem is assumed to describe the constitutive behavior of thick beam structure. The material is distributed gradually through the thickness of each layer by generalized power law function. The Kelvin-Voigt viscoelastic constitutive model is exploited to include the material internal damping effect. The governing equations are obtained by using Lagrange's equations and solved by using finite element method with twelve -node 2D plane element. The dynamic equation of motion is solved numerically by Newmark implicit time integration procedure. Numerical studies are presented to illustrate stacking sequence and material gradation index on the displacement-time response of cantilever beam structure. It is found that, the number of waves increases by increasing the graduation distribution parameter. The presented mathematical model is useful in analysis and design of nuclear, marine, vehicle and aerospace structures those manufactured from functionally graded materials (FGM).