• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.31-45
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• 2013

Objectives : Gokgisaeng (Korean mistletoe) is used for the treatment of inflammatory and cancer diseases in traditional Korean medicine and its major component lectins have been reported to induce nitric oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 macrophages, and also induce apoptosis of various types of cancer cells, although its modulatory effects on cancer cell migration and macrophage activation is poorly understood. The aim of this study is to clarify molecular mechanisms of action responsible for the anti-inflammatory and antitumor migration potentials of Korean mistletoe extract (KME). Methods : We investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of KME on NO production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in both RAW 264.7 macrophages and rat C6 glioma cells, and also evaluated inhibitory efficacy on glioma cell growth and migration. For assessment, XTT assay, nitrite assay, RT-PCR, scratch-wound and Boyden chamber assay, and western blot analysis were performed. Results : Previously reported, unlike the efficacy of Gokgisaeng lectin, KME inhibited NO production and iNOS expression, and suppressed pro-inflammatory mediators including IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, COX-2, iNOS in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, KME suppressed tumor cell growth and migration, and it also inhibited LPS-induced NO release and iNOS activation by down-regulating expression of protein kinase C (PKC) and phosphorylation of ERK in C6 glioma cells. Conclusions : Our research findings provide evidence that KME can play a significant role in blocking pro-inflammatory reaction and malignant progression of tumors through the suppression of NO/iNOS by down-regulating of inflammatory signaling pathways, PKC/ERK.

• Acta Via Serica
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.51-90
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• 2020

The city of Sumqayit in Azerbaijan was famous in the USSR for its chemical plants, which supplied the whole country with plastics, detergents, and fertilizers. While production increased in the post-WWII period, young people from remote Caucasian villages were attracted as workers to the industrial settlement on the shore of the Caspian Sea and worked together with specialists from all over the USSR. Migration did not stop when the USSR collapsed. To the contrary, mobility increased as Azerbaijani refugees from Armenia and IDPs from Karabakh fled to Sumqayit, which grew to become the second-largest city of Azerbaijan. Although a generation has passed since the ceasefire, IDPs still are separately administered. In the last 20 years, more and more internal migrants have chosen the Greater Baku Region as their destination, mostly finding jobs in the informal labor market. In the post-independence transformative period, informal housing has offered migrants a place to stay in the city. Sumqayit can be regarded as an arrival city, an established urban platform for migrants who prefer internal over transnational migration.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.305-314
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• 2020

The paper explores the return migration choice of graduates, which takes place during the transition from higher education to the labor market. Graduate students, after a short time in temporary migration to cities for studying, have to make a decision of returning back home or staying in migration in urban areas for working. Drawing on the mechanism identified in the literature on internal migration, this empirical research tests the effects of two factors: place attractiveness and social supports factors on graduates' decision to return migration to hometown. A binary logit regression analysis was conducted with data from 502 surveyed graduates in Hanoi, Vietnam. The analysis of the motives reported by graduates indicates that return migration decisions cannot be reduced to a single dimension. Perceived attractiveness of a region such as quality of living environment, job opportunities, and social context of individuals positively impact on student' decision to return migration after graduation. The research results imply that, in a collectivistic country like Vietnam, students' choice of future career is strongly influenced by their social context, and choosing a place to work is not simply a matter of earning a higher salary or enjoying better working conditions, but is also related to family issues.

• The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology
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• v.72 no.6
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• pp.313-317
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• 2018

During laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a surgical clip is used to control the cystic duct and cystic artery. In the past, metallic clips were usually used, but over recent years, interest in the use of Hem-o-lok clips has increased. Surgical clip migration into the common bile duct (CBD) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy has rarely been reported and the majority of reported cases involved metallic clips. In this report, we describe the case of a 53-year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain caused by migration of a Hem-o-lok clip into the CBD. The patient had undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy 10 months previously. Abdominal CT revealed an indistinct, minute, radiation-impermeable object in the distal CBD. The object was successfully removed by sphincterotomy via ERCP using a stone basket and was identified as a Hem-o-lok clip.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.171-173
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• 2008

A 3-yr-old female mongrel dog was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Chungnam National University in the Republic of Korea. An adult heartworm, Dirofilaria immitis, was found in the abdominal cavity of the dog during spaying. Dirofilariasis in this dog was also diagnosed by modified Knott's test, ELISA test, and PCR analysis. The present case is the first report on the migration of an adult dog heartworm to the abdominal cavity of a dog in the Republic of Korea.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.1-20
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• 1994

The main purpose of this paper is to examine changes in internal migration patterns during 1960 - 1990 period, and to analyze population movement to and from the Capital Region. The overall mobility rate of the whole Korean population has heen increasing since the 1960s, and reached to 24.6% in 1985 - 90 period. The most interesting changes in the migration pattern is that Seoul lost its population through migration during 1985 - 90, mainly due to heavy outmigration to Kyonggi province. The analysis of characteristics of inmigrants to the Capital Region reveals that those moved to Seoul are more likely to be young, better educated, never married and engage in service sector in comparison with migrants moved to the suburban districts and the outlying Kyonggi province. However, on the whole migrants moved to the Capital Region are overrepresented in manufacturing sector, which suggests that more effective policy measures to control the growth of manufacturing sector in the Capital Region is called for.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.61-88
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• 2018

This paper examines the impact of internal migration on wage growth among college graduates using Propensity Score Matching methods. We define migration as moving between Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA) and non-SMA based on the locations of graduates' first and second jobs. We also take the direction of migration into account for examining the wage premium in SMA. In order to estimate the impact of migration on wage growth, we use the Graduate Occupational Mobility Survey (2010GOMS) coupled with other supplementary data such as College Scholastic Ability Test score and local characteristic variables. The results reveals that graduates moving from SMA to non-SMA do not experience significant wage growth. However, we find that graduates moving from non-SMA to SMA experience an increase in their monthly wage about 170,000~186,000 KRW on average (9.5~10.3% of their monthly wage on the first job).

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.153-162
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• 2017

Advances in communication technologies and the decreasing cost of computers have made distributed computer systems an attractive alternative for satisfying the information needs of large organizations. This paper presents a distributed algorithm for performance improvement through load balancing and file migration in distributed systems. We employed a sender initiated strategy for task migration and used learning automata with several internal states for file migration. A task can be migrated according to the load information of a computer. A file is migrated to the destination processor when it is in the right boundary state. We also described an analytical model for load balancing with file migration to verify the proposed algorithm. Analytical and simulation results show that our algorithm is very well-suited for distributed system environments.

• Proceeding of EDISON Challenge
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• 2015.03a
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• pp.163-166
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• 2015

Intramolecular energy migration in a cyclic porphyrin array is spontaneous transfer of energy from one excited site to another. Since the efficiency of energy migration is inversely proportional to distance, the energy migration is occurred on their adjacent sites more often than distant ones. Therefore, the energy migration in the cyclic porphyrin array is largely dependent on their conformational characters. However, evaluation of conformational information by means of experimental tools is ambiguous since their limited resolution. In this work, we calculate the internal angle and distance distributions of cyclic porphyrin arrays using molecular dynamics simulations to obtain conformational information. To evaluate the angle and distance distributions respect to molecular size, we constructed molecules with n porphyrin dimers (n=1,3,7) in implicit solvent environment. Performing molecular dynamics simulations, we modulated alkyl groups to investigate additional conformational effects of the system.

• Current Applied Physics
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.1368-1374
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• 2018

In this paper, forced vibration was used to regulate the droplet migration, fully recording the transient migration of droplets on a micro-textured substrate under the resonance frequency by a high-speed camera. The influence of resonance frequency and dynamic migration characteristics of droplets on the solid micro-texture surface under lateral vibration were researched. The experiment demonstrates that the driving force is caused by the difference between the left and right contact angles made the droplet oscillate and migrate, and as time t increases, the left and right contact points are periodically shifted and the amplitude of migration increases. Therefore, based on the droplet migration behavior and its force balance mechanism, a spring vibration model of migration behavior of the vibrating droplet micro unit was set up to predict the complete trajectory of its migration on a solid surface. The calculation results show that the theoretical displacement is less than the experimental displacement, and the longer the time, the larger the difference. Affected by the vibration, part of the droplet permeates through the micro-texture, resulting in the droplet losing height and the contact angle becoming smaller as well. While the other part of droplet overcomes the internal surface tension to migrate.