• Title/Summary/Keyword: internal flow

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Study on Judgment of Body Form and Settle Energy Flow before Diagnose the Patients (환자를 살피기 전에 보아야 하는 "입형정기(立形定氣)"에 대한 고찰)

  • Ko, Heung
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.27 no.5
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    • pp.509-519
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    • 2013
  • Through the study on judgment of Body form and settle Energy flow(立形定氣) before diagnose the patients, the results are as follows. The observation of the body form is to determine prosperity and deficiency of each internal organ. It is necessary to distinguish Body form loss(形脫) and Body form fullness(形充). Fat man(肥人), Thin man(瘦人), Creamy man(膏人), Muscular man(肉人), Small Fat man(脂人) are discriminated by fat distribution, fat content, and muscle mass. The observation of the body form means the observation of structure disorder, color change, develop part at body, head and face. The observation of the body form that is to determine prosperity and deficiency of each internal organ is from the limited knowledge of the anatomy. The observation of face color is considered by blood perfusion, blood oxygenation and accumulation of carotinoid, bilirubin and change of melanin in the facial skin. The prosperity and the deficiency of energy flow is considered by symptom combined with growth (<40 years) and aging (>40 years). The prosperity of energy flow includes the anger, anxious emotion and the deficiency of energy flow includes the fear, depressive emotion. The breathing type is expiratory exhalation like asthma patients in the prosperity of energy flow. The deficiency of energy flow is weakness to overcome the disease. The prosperity and the deficiency of energy flow are considered by body metabolic ratios (Basal metabolic Rate: BMR, Resting metabolic rate: RMR, Physical activity ratios: PASs). Development of subcutaneous fat is good in the person of prosperous energy flow. The person of prosperous energy flow is hard to overcome to heat weather than cold weather. The person of deficiency of energy flow has tendencies of low blood pressure, insufficiency of blood flow in the peripheral and being shocked. The person of deficiency of energy flow has tendencies of chronic fatigue syndrome or automatic nerve disorder. If the patient who has deficiency of energy flow has severe weight loss should be checked for the presence of disease. The observation of small and large of bone is to check the development and disorder of bone growth and aging. The observation of thickness and weakness of muscle is to check the development of muscle, particularly biceps, gastrocnemius, and rectus abdominal muscle. The observation of thickness and weakness of skin is to check the ability of regulating body temperature by sweating.

DEVELOPMENT OF EULERIAN-GRANULAR MODEL FOR NUMERICAL SIMULATION MODEL OF PARTICULATE FLOW (Eulerian-Granular method를 사용한 고체 입자 유동 모델 개발)

  • Lee, T.G.;Shin, S.W.
    • Journal of computational fluids engineering
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.46-51
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    • 2015
  • In this paper, we have developed numerical model for particulated flow through narrow slit using Eulerian-Granular method. Commercial software (FLUENT) was utilized as simulation tool and main focus was to identify the effect from various numerical options for modeling of solid particles as continuos phase in granular flow. Gidaspow model was chosen as basic model for solid viscosity and drag model. And lun-et-al model was used as solid pressure and radial distribution model, respectively. Several other model options in FLUENT were tested considering the cross related effect. Mass flow rate of the particulate through the slit was measured to compare. Due to the high volume density of the stacked particulates above the slit, effect from various numerical options were not significant. The numerical results from basic model were also compared with experimental results and showed very good agreement. The effects from the characteristics of particles such as diameter, angle of internal friction, and collision coefficient were also analyzed for future design of velocity resistance layer in solar thermal absorber. Angle of internal friction was found to be the dominat variable for the particle mass flow rate considerably. More defined 3D model along with energy equation for complete solar thermal absorber design is currently underway.

Performance and Internal Flow Analysis on the 80kW-Class Cross-Flow Hydro Turbine with the Variation of Effective Head (유효낙차에 따른 80kW급 횡류수차의 성능 및 내부유동 해석)

  • Choi, Young-Do;Lim, Jae-Ik;Lee, Young-Ho
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.34 no.5
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    • pp.703-710
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    • 2010
  • Recently, small hydropower attracts attention because of its clean, renewable and abundant energy resources to develop. However, suitable turbine type is not determined yet in the range of small hydropower and it is necessary to study for the effective turbine type. Therefore, a 80kW-Class cross-flow turbine is adopted in this study because of its simple structure and high possibility of applying to small hydropower. The result shows that as effective head increases, tangential and radial flow velocities increase and thus, the increased tangential velocity contributes to the increase of angular momentum and output torque.

Effect of the Pressure and the Flow Pattern in a Sac Chamber of a Diesel Injection Nozzle on the Issued Spray Behaviors (디젤 연료분사노즐 색크실내의 압력과 유동패턴이 분류의 분열거동에 미치는 영향)

  • 김장헌;송규근
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.48-53
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    • 2000
  • The effects of the internal flow in a diesel injection nozzle on the atomization of the spray has been investigated experimentally. Flow visualization was made using a transparent acrylic model nozzle. And also, measurement of the sac chamber pressure was made for clartfying the effect of pressure fluctuation in the sac chamber on the wpray behaviors. The geometry of the model nozzle was scaled up 10 times of the actual nozzle and the injection pressure for the model nozzle was adjusted so as to achieve a Reynolds number at the discharge hole which was the same as the actual nozzle. Polystyrene tracers, a laser sheet light and a still/high speed video camera were used to visualize the flow pattern in the sac chamber. When the needle lift was small, the high turbulence in the sac chamber generated by the high velocity seat flow made the spread angle of the spray large. Cavitation which arose in the sky chamber induced the pressure fluctuation and then affects the spread angle of the spray.

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A Study on the Internal Flow Patterns and Heat Transfer Characteristics for a Cylindrical Rotating Heat Pipe (원통형 회전 히트파이프의 내부 유동 및 열전달 특성에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Jin Sung;Lee, Jae Jun;Kim, Chul Ju
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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    • v.22 no.9
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    • pp.1217-1228
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    • 1998
  • In order to elucidate the operational characteristics of rotating heat pipes, the internal flow patterns and heat transfer performance are investigated. Flow patterns and its transition are studied with various rotational speeds by visualizing flows established inside a rotating tube. To verify those results of analysis, 2 heat pipes of the same geometries but fill charge rates of 7, 30% were manufactured and submitted to operating tests. Comparison of experimental results on heat transfer rate show a fairly good agreement with the analytical results. The analysis reveals that the optimum charge ratio is ranged in 4~7% depending on the quantity of thermal loads. but the heat pipe with 7% of fill charge ratio reached dry-out limitation at heat flux of $q^{{\prime}{\prime}}=6.2kW/m^2$ lower than that of analytic results. Transition of flow regime was well related to the correlation by Semena & Khmelev on transient centrifugal Froude Number Frc. But hysteresis phenomenon was observed in transition of flow regime, when the rotational speed was stepwisely changed in the way to undergo 1 cycle.

A Study on the Nozzle Shapes of a Cross-Flow Type Hydro Turbine for Wave Power Generation (파력발전용 횡류형 수력터빈의 노즐형상에 관한 연구)

  • Choi, Young-Do;Kim, Chang-Coo;Kim, You-Taek;Lee, Young-Ho
    • The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.30-35
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    • 2008
  • The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of nozzle shapes on the performance and internal flow characteristics of a cross-flow type hydro turbine for wave power generation. The performance of the turbine is calculated with the variation of rotational speed for 4 types of the nozzle shape using a commercial CFD code. The results show that nozzle shape should be designed considering available head of the turbine. Best efficiencies of the turbine by 4 types of the nozzle shape do not change largely but overall performances varies mainly by the nozzle width. The output power of the cross-flow type hydro turbine changes considerably by the nozzle shape and a partial region of stage 2 in the runner blade passage produces maximum regional output power in comparison with the other runner blade passage areas.