• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.660-667
• /
• 2016

Maintaining proper tire air pressure is an essential element in ensuring vehicle safety. UHP Tires that boast of many safety features are increasing in the market. In particular, the development of "Self-Inflating Tire" technology is accelerating around the globe. Self-inflating tire refers to a technique for maintaining appropriate tire pressure. An internal regulator senses when tire inflation pressure has dropped below the set air pressure. The tire boosts air through the valve when rolling and compressed air enters into the tire. This procedure keeps the tire air pressure at an appropriate level and increases tire safety. Flow analysis of the internal tube is required to examine self-inflating tires. In this study, a method of tube flow analysis using the FSI Method is proposed. The valve system is also implemented to optimize the regulator and sensor.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.43 no.5
• /
• pp.798-804
• /
• 1996

Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia is a very rare disorder of unknown etiology characterized by striking systemic and pulmonary manifestations such as fever, weight loss, dyspnea, blood eosinophilia, and fluffy peripheral opacities on chest radiograph. A number of these patients developed asthma before or with the onset of illness. The roentgenographic lesion rapidly resoluted with corticosteroid and recurrence was occasionally occured in the same location. Histopathologic features of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia include dense aggregates of eosinophils, histiocytes, and multinucleated giant cells within alveolar spaces, interstitium, and bronchioles associated with scattered lymphocytes and plasma cells. We report a case of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia diagnosed by clinical, radiographic, and histologic findings with review of the literature.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.116-122
• /
• 2020

Acute respiratory failure is an important risk factor for mortality in patients with acute pesticide poisoning. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the risk factors to predict respiratory failure in these patients. This study retrospectively investigated the clinical features of respiratory failure among patients with acute pesticide poisoning requiring mechanical ventilation. This study included patients who were admitted with intentional poisoning by pesticide ingestion from January 2017 to December 2019. Paraquat intoxication was excluded. Among 469 patients with acute pesticide poisoning, 398 patients were enrolled in this study. The respiratory failure rate was 30.4%. The rate of respiratory failure according to the type of pesticide was carbamate (75.0%), organophosphate (52.6%), glufosinate (52.1%), glyphosate (23%), pyrethroid (8.9%), and others (17%). The mortality was 25.6% in the respiratory failure group. The risk factors for respiratory failure were old age, low body mass index, and ingestion of more than 300 mL. In conclusion, respiratory failure is a risk factor for mortality in pesticide poisoning. Old age, low body mass index, and ingestion of more than 300 mL are the risk factors for predicting respiratory failure.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• v.21 no.12
• /
• pp.264-268
• /
• 2021

In the context of globalization of information processes, the prevalence of information wars and terrorism, there are new threats to national interests in the information sphere, which actualizes providing the information sovereignty of modern states. Therefore, the purpose of the article is an in-depth analysis of the features and content of information sovereignty as a component of state sovereignty, its relationship with freedom of information and information security, as well as a characterization of the bases and directions of providing information sovereignty. The information sovereignty of the modern state includes its activities to determine national interests in the information sphere, the formation and implementation of information policy, providing information security, regulation and control of information processes. The realization of information sovereignty should be based on real freedom of information, information privacy and the state obligation to provide them. Ensuring information sovereignty also requires solving the problems of formation of modern information legislation, which would comprehensively establish the bases and directions of providing information sovereignty, exceptional cases of restriction of freedom of information.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.51 no.6
• /
• pp.5-24
• /
• 2001

This paper is intended to explore femininity the ideal beauty of body and the features in fashion pursued in the Fashion system and the Anti-Fashion Movement in the Victorian period, on which the modern fashion is based. For the informative facts needed in this paper, books on history, fashion history, feminism, art history of aestheticism and the ideal beauty of body are referred to. On the part Ⅱ of this paper, the femininity and the ideal beauty of body implied in the Aesthetic Movement and Rational Dress Movement as the anti-fashion movement in the Victorian period will be reviewed. Following are the conclusion : First, the works in Aesthetic Movement mainly include the image of sensual female. The essence of femininity is categorized by cultural value, poetic spirit. appetite for sex and self-expression. The ideal beauty of body pursued in this movement is the beauty of immatured body, which means rejection of maternity as well as appetite for sex in the form of metaphor of the power and enthusiasm of female. The features of Aesthetic Movement emphasize the image of sensual and characteristic woman. These features are expressed in the natural waist line and the vertical H silhouette of high waist, natural exposure of body by means of drapery, simplicity and decency by design without fixed forms and seemingly faded colors. Second, Rational Dress Movement attempted to evaluate the femininity in a different way and ultimately pursued masculinity. Therefore, morality, liberty, intelligence, spirituality, self-control, willingness, which had been believed to exclusively belong to male, are added to the categories of femininity. The ideal beauty of body is expressed in the form of Venus Coelestic which is refined and strong. This symbolizes woman's freeing from the fate of reproduction and subordinate relationship with male, morality, decision of one's own and willingness. The features of Rational Dress Movement represent the image of strong-willed and moral woman in its internal meaning. The features of its fashions represent the concealment of the body, emphasis on activeness in pants without decoration and simplicity in its external form. All these features resulted from the pursuit of masculinity.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.59 no.2
• /
• pp.170-178
• /
• 2005

Background : Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) are rare but significantly imperative in inducing chronic pulmonary hypertension. Clinically, it is difficult to distinguish between IPAH and CTEPH. However, the treatment of pulmonary hypertension is different depending on the disease. The present study was performed to analyze the similarities and differences in clinical features between IPAH and CTEPH. Methods : During a nine-year period, thirty-three patients with IPAH and twenty-two patients with CTEPH were enrolled. Symptoms, physical findings, chest radiograph, electrocardiograph, pulmonary function test, echocardiograph, perfusion lung scan, right heart catheterization results were analyzed between both the groups. Results : The median age of IPAH group was 33 (6~70) years that was lower than that (52(27~80) years) of CTEPH group. Amongst the IPAH patients, there was female predominance (76 %) and there was no sex difference between the patients with CTEPH. Both the groups exhibited similarity in the results of chest radiograph, electrocardiograph, pulmonary function test, and echocardiograph. In the perfusion lung scan, all IPAH patients exhibited findings with normal (28%) or low probability (72%) of pulmonary embolism and all CTEPH patients exhibited findings with high probability of pulmonary embolism. Conclusion : Although IPAH and CTEPH bear similarities in terms of symptoms, physical signs and general investigation results, there were differences in age distribution, sex predominance and results of perfusion lung scan.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.59 no.5
• /
• pp.541-545
• /
• 2005

Respiratory bronchiolitis associated interstitial lung disease is a rare condition among current or ex-smokers, which has features consistent with interstitial lung disease. The presentations are non-specific, but symptoms generally include a cough and dyspnea on exertion, and its pathology is characterized by the accumulation of pigmented macrophages within the respiratory bronchioles and adjacent air spaces, and is associated with mild thickening of the peribronchiolar interstitium. Recently, the case of a 54-year-old woman passive smoker, diagnosed as having respiratory bronchiolitis associated interstitial lung disease, was experienced at our institution.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.166-169
• /
• 2016

Afferent loop obstruction following gastrectomy is a rare but fatal complication. Clinical features of afferent loop obstruction are mainly gastrointestinal symptoms. A 56-year-old female underwent radical total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy for treatment of advanced gastric cancer. After fourteen months postoperatively, she showed gradual development of edema of both legs. Computed tomography (CT) scan showed disease progression at the jejunojejunostomy site and consequent dilated afferent loop, which resulted in inferior vena cava (IVC) compression. A drainage catheter was placed percutaneously into the afferent loop through the intrahepatic duct and an IVC filter was placed at the suprarenal IVC, and self-expanding metal stents were inserted into bilateral common iliac veins. With these procedures, sympotms related with afferent loop obstruction and deep vein thrombosis were improved dramatically. The follow-up abdominal CT scan was taken 3 weeks later and revealed the completely decompressed afferent loop and improved IVC patency. Surgical treatment should be considered as the first choice for afferent loop obstruction; however, because it is more immediate and less invasive, non-surgical modalities, such as percutaneous catheter drainage or stent placement, can be effective alternatives for inoperable cases or risky patients who have severe medical comorbidities.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.59-63
• /
• 2016

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a rare and severe drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome characterized by hematological abnormalities and multiorgan involvement. Liver involvement is the most common visceral manifestation. However, renal failure has been rarely described. The common culprit drugs are anticonvulsants and allopurinol. We experienced a patient with DRESS syndrome with acute interstitial nephritis caused by concomitant administration of quinolone and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). A 41-year-old man presented with a diffuse erythematous rash and fever which developed after administration of quinolone and NSAIDs for a month due to prostatitis. He was diagnosed with DRESS syndrome. Skin rash, fever, eosinophilia, and elevations of liver enzymes improved with conservative treatment and discontinuation of the causative drugs. However, deterioration of his renal function occurred on day 8 of admission. The levels of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine increased and oliguria, proteinuria and urinary eosinophils were observed. Ultrasonography showed diffuse renal enlargement. The clinical features were compatible with acute interstitial nephritis. Despite intravenous rehydration and diuretics, renal function did not improve. After hemodialysis, his renal function recovered completely within 2 weeks without administration of systemic corticosteroid.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Oriental Medical Informatics
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.101-113
• /
• 2009

Objectives: Nowadays, the number of patients having the Functional Gastrointestinal Disturbance has been on the rise and this tendency is clear in the female group. This study is aimed to investigate their cause of disease, dietary lifestyle, digestion functions, general symptoms and any disadvantages in daily lives etc. Also, it would suggest any effective results from oriental medical treatments. Methods: The total number of 20 female patients, who have been participated in this study, have been treated at Oriental Internal Medicine, Dong-eui Hospital. We have performed the survey with 50 questionnaires. Results: Most patients were having dyspepsia and had been treated more than once before the survey. The major cause of their disease includes irregular eating habits(p<0.05) and stressful mental conditions. The patients had suffered much disadvantages in daily lives and different symptoms. Specially, pain in the below of stomach pit and early satiation were common.(p<0.05) However, the Discomfort index of patients has been decreased from 9.22 point to 2.85 point after oriental medical treatment. It means this treatment has meaningful effectiveness to the Functional Gastrointestinal Disturbance patients. Conclusion: We have investigated the features of female patients with Functional Gastrointestinal Disturbance and conclude that the Oriental Medical Treatment is effective to them.