• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.327-344
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• 2016

We may have an incorrect view of Korea and the world by misunderstanding them with a number of geographic misconceptions. Such misconceptions constructed socially tend to perpetuate through reproducing and learning repeatedly from one generation to the next. 'Daegu city is in the intermontane basin.' It is also identified that this geographic misconception had constructed (made) by two Japanese geographers (Tamura, 1933; Tada, 1940) in the Japanese colonial period, and have been reproduced and diffused by many Korean geographers (professors and teachers) as well as journalists in the post-colonial days. In terms of the definition of an intermontane basin in the Encyclopedia of Geomorphology published by the International Association of Geomorphologists, Daegu seems not to be a basin city but to be a plain city, since the central plain of Daegu is surrounded by higher terrain like mountains and hills only on the north and south directions of all sides, and also it is well developed thanks to its location where the downstream of the Geumhogang river flows from east to west. This paper hopes that the landform recognition as 'Daegu intermontane basin city' should be corrected as soon as possible, and also many geographic misconceptions will be studied actively for an accurate understanding of Korea and the world.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.689-706
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• 2009

It is usual to prioritize the spatial variables that influence housing location by a few specialist's experienced knowledge or intuition. Multiple regression techniques were used to evaluate the spatially prioritized relationships between housing density and seasonal solar intensity parameters for a total of 134 house locations. Solar radiation and duration of sunshine on winter solstice was the most important predictor of house density located in intermontane basin. In contrast to the typical theory, elevation, slope and accessibility to road were not a dominant determining factor upon the dependent variable of house density. A clear verification has been made for the hidden assumptions for the arrangement of typical Korean housing in intermontane basin that its approach is found to be more appropriate in avoiding shadow conditions, rather than exploring the ideal landform location.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.15-30
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• 1998

Physical geography is the discipline which deals with the relationship between man and natural environment. Therefore, it should be studied as the organized unity. In this paper I recognize the drainage basin as a framework outlining physical geography, describe the difference of inhabitant's life style due to the difference of natural environment in the drainage basin, and consider the meaning of drainage basin as a unit of life(and unit of regional geography). Munkyung is divided into three regions(intermontane basin region, middle mountainous region, marginal hilly region of the great basin) owing to the topographic characteristics. Subdivision in these regions is related closely to drainage network distribution, specially in intermontane basin region. And small regions have developed with the confluence point of $3{\sim}4$ order streams as the central figure. Intermontane basin region is the valley floor of Sinbuk-Soya-Kauun-Nongam stream located in the limestone region which is exposed according to Munkyung fault at its northern part. Small streams are affected strongly by the influence of the NNE-SSE or WNW-ESE tectolineament. Thus Kaeripryungro(鷄立嶺路), Saejaegil(새재길), Ewharyungro(伊火嶺路) and so on are constructed through the tectolineament. In the valley floors of small streams which flow into the intermontane basin, there are large floodplains. Floodplain in Sinbuk, Joryung, and Yangsan stream is used to paddy field or orchard, and in Nongam stream is used to paddy field or vegetable field. Hills are distributed largely in the periphery of intermontane basin. Limestone hills in Kauun and Masung basin are not continuous to the present low and flat floodplain, and most of those are used to forest land and field. On the other side. granite hills in Koyori are continuous to be used to the present floodplain, and they are used to residential area and field. In the middle mountainous region are there hilly mountains constructed in the geology of Palaeozoic Pyeongan System in northern area and Chosun System's Limestone Series in southern area, and banded gneiss and schist among Sobaeksan Gneiss Complex. In Palaeozoic Pyeongan System region are there relatively rugged mountains and ingrown meanders developed along tectolineaments. Chosun System's Limestone Series region builds up a geomorphic surface, develops various karst landforms. Mountainous area is used to field. On the other hand, especially in case of Hogye, valley bottom is wide, long, and discontinuous to slope, is used to paddy field dominantly. And schist region in Youngnam Block of Pre-Cambrian is rugged mountainous. Marginal hilly region of the great basin is hilly zone located in the margin of erosional basin(Bonghwa-Youngju-Yechon-Hamchang-Sangju). This region is lower geomorphic surface which is consisted of hills of $50{\sim}100$m height. Hills are used to field or orchard, and dissected gentle depression is used to paddy field.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.51-62
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• 1997

In various places of drainage basins of major rivers in South Korea are distributed intermontane basins. Basin floor covered with fluvial deposits carried from the surrounding mountane area becomes alluvial plain. Its productivity is comparatively higher than anywhere else. Thus basin is a local administrative, economic, and cultural core area. Intermontane basin consists of backward mountane area, gentle hills, and alluvial lowland. The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the morpogenetic processes and development age of Angae Basin located in the sedimentary rock region. Hills with the height of a.s.l. $80{\sim}100m$ distributed in Angae Basin are residual landforms, which are the remnants of dissection of the etchplain that results from the denudation of bedrock deeply weathered along tectolineaments under the warm and moist climate, and reflect lithological differentiation of bedrock. Those hills have been comparatively higher ridges since the initial stage of the original etchplain, and they have been immune from fluvial processes. The etchplain appeared as $80{\sim}100m$ hills. the high terrace distributed in upstream reach of Nakdong River drainage basin and the old meander-cut at Seoburi in Wicheon drainage basin, are formed at the same stage when riverbed of Wicheon Stream functioned as a local base level according as the fluvial system of Wichoen arrived at dynamic equilibrium.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.1-15
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• 2011

This work is to review the granite landforms studies by Korean geographers. It is verified that geomorphlogical characteristics of granite present landscapes characterized by 1) in case of mountains, are difficultly or irregularly weathered, so as to develop rocky forms such as domes, cliffs, and tors ; 2) in case of stream valley that is inter-massif lowland, low relief hills and flood plains with alluvium. All these facts owe to the difference of weathering mode granite properties. The granite hills and alluvial plains of southwestern coastal parts in Korean peninsula is low undulatory and large owing not only to the existence of highly weathered granitic regolith, but also to frequent flooding. Cultivated brownish field, orchard, meadow and forest are located at granite hills. On the other hand paddy rice field at granite alluvial plains. Korean peninsula have endured erodible geomorphlogical processes since Miocene when warping it up. Therefore many intermontane basins are located on the weathered granite areas which are surrounded by mountains composed of much less Precambrian gneiss complex. In fact, intermontane basin is mainly linear fault-line valley. The landforms of the intermontane basins are characterized by gentle piedmont slopes, alluvial fans, fluvial terraces and alluvial plains.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.31-55
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• 2009

This research aims 1) to characterize the spatial distribution of low relief landforms (plains) via analyses of a Digital Elevation Model (DEM), 2) to classify plains according to morphological and genetic similarity, and 3) to develop a model to explain forming processes of plains in the Korean peninsula. Plains can easily be separated from high relief mountaneous areas by analyzing the DEM. The overall morphological and locational characteristics of plains can be categorized into lava plains, fluvial-marine plains, erosional plains, intermontane basins, and higher ground plains. It is concluded that the characteristic of each plain type is decided by base-level changes caused by tectonic uplift and sea-level changes, and topological relationship of different rock types. Different plain types do not exist independently, but connected with each others along stream networks. The model developed is able to combine the morphological characteristics of plains with the channel network to conceptualize characteristics and development pathways of plains in the Korean Peninsula.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.147-163
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• 2013

Gonggeomji, located at the outlet of intermontane basin in the upper reaches of Dong River, is known as being constructed in the late Unified Silla Dynasty. Extensive wetlands were developed before the construction of embankment at Gonggeomji and very compact silty layers were deposited during dry seasons. Paniceae was cultivated on a dry field in the basin during the early Bronze and Iron Ages. Although it is supposed that agricultural activities on a paddy and dry field prevailed during the Three Kingdoms Age, the indicating layer was not found. As the construction of the embankment, Oryza sativa as well as Paniceae were cultivated in the basin at the same time. The climates during the early Bronze are cool and Iron Ages are estimated to be generally warm. From the late Unified Silla Dynasty and middle Goryeo Dynasty when the embankment was constructed, it was still warm, and then, shows alterations between cool and warm conditions. Since the late Goryeo Dynasty, it gradually became cool.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.42 no.2 s.119
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• pp.165-176
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• 2007

Absolute age of the deposition of 1.3 km-thick Bunthang sequence within the Skardu intermontane basin of the Central Karakoram was determined using radioactive decay of cosmogonic $^{10}Be$ and $^{26}Al$ burial dating. The Bunthang sequence deposited around 2.65 Ma, which is the oldest glaciation in the region. The timing of deposition of the Bunthang sequence is consistent with the previous suggestion that the basin filling took place between Brunhess and Matuyama chrons. Four major sedimentary facies interfinger within the Bunthang sequence: glacial diamict, lacustrine, fluvial and lacustrine facies upward. This sedimentary distinctiveness and the lack of evidence on the faults for alternative pull-apart basin model around the Bunthang sequence, suggest that the depressional basin was formed by deep subglacial erosion during the exrtensive Bunthang Glacial Stage and subsequently the sediments underlain by basal diamict, was quickly deposited by preglacial and paraglacial processes. Temporary ponding of the Indus River due to tectonic uplift in the downstream or blockage by mass movements might make the basin filing more possible. The hypothesis that the single ice sheet developed on the Tibetan Plateau during the global last glacial cycle should be refuted by the existence of the older extensive Bunthang glacier Furthermore, the extensive glaciation during the early Quaternary (and thus progressive decrease in extent with time) suggests that there may have been significant uplift of the Pamir to the west and Himalaya to the south, which would have reduced the penetration of westerlies and Indian summer monsoon and hence moisture supply to the region.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.41 no.4 s.115
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• pp.404-417
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• 2006

In order to clarify some characteristics of hydrological cycle in the subalpine zone of Mt. Halla, water balance has been analysed using hydrological data of a first-order drainage basin around Mansedongsan and meterological data of Odeung AWS. The experimental basin extends from 1,595 m to 1,645 m in altitude and has an catchment area of 1.34 ha. It is largely underlain by trachybasalt and covered with sasa bamboo and sedges. Hydrological observations were carried out every 20 minutes from April 15 to September 19, 2004. The basin shows the total precipitation of 3,074 m that is 1.6 to 3 times of those in coastal and intermontane regions. Surface runoff amounts to 850 mm that is equivalent to 27.6% of the precipitation. By contrast, evapotranspiration only accounts for 14.2% of the precipitation, and the remnant of 1,790 m penetrates underground through a basement. The basin is located in the subalpine zone and then it has a high rainfall intensity as well as a large rainfall due to frequent orographic precipitation. But surface runoff usually dose not exceed 30% of the rainfall while Percolation demonstrates about 2 times of the runoff. Compared with granite or gneiss basins in Korea Peninsula, the experimental basin is characterized by a higher portion of percolation in water balance. And it is probably related to the highly permeable basaltic lavas in Jeju Island which are also overlain by porous volcanic soils.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.281-294
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• 2002

Inhabitants make a specific cultural landscape in various ways according to his culture. In this paper, I consider the characteristics of cultural landscapes distributed in Sangju. I divide Sangju-City Area owing to physical criteria(relief and drainage basin}, appreciate them according to human criteria(administrative district of Joseon Period, dialects, periodical market area} and classify into 6 small regions: (1) Nakyang Region is the traditionally central place based on alluvial plain marginal to Byeongseong stream and Dong stream, and on hills of Sabeol. (2) Nakdong Region is the traffic center which the water transport of Nakdong river and the land transport of Yeongnamdaero cross each other. (3) The upstream region of Byungseong stream is the agricultural region connected with Nakyang Region. (4) Jungmo Region is a intermontane basin where grape cultivation using its specific climate flourish. (5) Wharyeong Region is a mountainous sightseeing district based on the beautiful scenery and Gyeonwhueon's remains of Sogni mountains and Yongyu valley. (6) Hamnyeong Region is the district of Goryeonggaya realm where 3 whites(cocoon, dried persimmon, rice) are abundant.