• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.5-32
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• 2016

Purpose of this paper is to review series of Limits to Growth studies from its original Rome Club Report published in 1972 to the most recent one in 2012 by Jorgen Randers and finds its implications on concept and strategy of sustainable development. For this purpose first, this paper reviewed series of Limits to Growth studies in details with focus on scenarios used in simulation of world model. Second, response to the original Limit to Growth was reviewed and to see validity of its scenario based simulations, simulated results of interest variables and actual historical data up to the year 2010 was compared. Third, structure and key arguments in both studies, Limit to Growth studies and Our Common Future was explained and compared. Finally, implications of the Limit to Growth studies on concept and strategy for sustainable development was discussed. Based on the comparison, this paper argued that even if the term sustainable development was not used in the Limit to Growth at all, concept and strategies for sustainable development implied in the Limit to Growth are more clear and specific than those of Our Common Future. Since Limit to Growth studies were simulation based ones that produce detailed behaviors on interest variables, it clarifies more clearly the abstract concept of sustainable development and thus, provides specific guidelines for the direction of sustainable policy which has been suffering long from vagueness of concept of sustainable development.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.247-255
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• 2019

In this paper, we propose the effect of project-based robot education program on the interest toward robots and the computational thinking of elementary school students. Software education is being actively carried out around the world in order to cultivate software talents in accordance with the 4th industrial revolution. As a result, the importance of robots in education has increased, and education using robots has been actively introduced. However, the activities of simply assembling and repeating robots in schools were not effective in enhancing elementary school students' interest toward robots and computational thinking. Therefore, it is necessary to overcome traditional teaching-learning methods and to develop robot education. So, in this study, the robot education program that introduces project-based learning was developed for improvement of interest toward robots and computational thinking of elementary school students. In order to verify the developed education program, 114 elementary six grade students were selected as research subjects and the traditional teaching-learning method and project-based learning were applied to the experimental and control group. As a result, project-based learning was more effective for elementary school students' interest toward robot than traditional teaching-learning method. In computing thinking, the experimental group showed a significant improvement, but there was no statistically significant difference in the post-test.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.81-92
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• 2013

Recently, the interest in the mixed-use development of various urban planning facilities has been increased, but the interest in the Mixed-use development of bus depots that is closely related to our daily life is insufficient circumstance so far. Accordingly, this study aims to realize the necessity for the mixed-use development of bus depots as methods to improve the living environment and use efficiently the land, and to suggest reasonable development directions by analyzing their physical character after classifying bus depots according to their position in the residential area. As the results of study, bus depots have different properties according to their position in residential area and have the problem of space shortage. Also, many things such as location of entrances, the finish method of edge of bus depot's area are affected by the surrounding environment. So development plan to consider the each condition is required.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.109-124
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• 2009

The purpose of this thesis is to analyze and evaluate issues and performance of development projects of Gurye Banggwang villages' key projects, especially directly or indirectly related to resident income augmentation. The agricultural products processing factory, the valley resting, the urban and rural exchange center, and the village festival have been closely selected as directly or indirectly related to the resident income. Analysis of survey of resident and two agriculture unions' members led the performance and problem of Banggwang villages' development projects. The income project has the difficulties of recruiting members, lack of professionalism of people in production and marketing of processed products, and conflict between members etc. For this reason, income projects being adopted as the comprehensive rural village development project is often negative. Compare to the other cases, Banggwang village has more reflection of the income project, and has lot of interest by policy makers whether it be pursued successfully. It is too early to evaluate a performance properly because it is the beginning of income projects and the experience are not yet being sufficient. However, the performance is appearing gradually from various sides. For example, dividend of business profits, employment opportunities and sales of agricultural products are developing increasingly. Income projects have strengthens the residents' participation and interest in comprehensive rural village development project and with securing stable funding it will help to maintain the facilities.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.15-45
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• 2009

This paper estimates the term structure of interest rates with the setup of 3-factor no arbitrage model and investigates the trend of term premia and the effectiveness of changes in policy interest rates. The term premia are found to be high in a three-year medium term objective, which can be interpreted as reflecting the recognition of investors who expect a higher uncertainty in real activities for the coming three years than for a longer term. Then, in order to look into the effect of policy interest rates after the recent change of benchmark interest rate, this paper analyzes the effects of the changes in short-term interest rates of the financial market on the yield curve of the bond market at time of change. Empirical results show that the discrepancy between call rate, short-term rate in money market, and instantaneous short rate, short-term rate in the bond market, is found to be significantly widened, comparing to the periods before the change in benchmark interest rate. It is not easy to conclude clearly for now whether such a widening gap is caused by the lack of experiences with managing new benchmark interest rate or is just an exceptional case due to the recent turmoil in the global financial market. However, monetary policy needs to be operated in a manner that could reduce the gap to enhance its effectiveness.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.3879-3887
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• 2012

Background: Development of effective educational strategies should accompany increases in public awareness and the availability of genetic testing for breast cancer (BC). These educational strategies should be designed to fulfill the knowledge gap while considering factors that influence women's interest in order to facilitate decision making. Objective: To determine the possible correlates of Saudi women's interest in BC genes testing including socio-demographics, the level of awareness towards BC genes, the family history of BC and the perceived personal risk among adult Saudi women in Al Hassa, Saudi Arabia. Subjects and methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out during the second BC community-based campaign in Al Hassa, Saudi Arabia. All Saudi women aged ${\geq}18$ years (n=781) attending the educational components of the campaign were invited to a personal interview. Data collection included gathering information about sociodemographics, family history of BC, the perceived personal risk for BC, awareness and attitude towards BC genes and the women's interest in BC genes testing. Results: Of the included women (n=599), 19.5% perceived higher risk for BC development, significantly more among < 40 years of age, and with positive family history of BC before 50 years of age. The participants demonstrated a poor level of awareness regarding the inheritance, risk, and availability of BC genetic testing. The median summated knowledge score was 1.0 (out of 7 points) with a knowledge deficit of 87.8%. The level of knowledge showed significant decline with age (> 40 years). Of the included women 54.7% expressed an interest in BC genetic testing for assessing their BC risk. Multivariate regression model showed that being middle aged (Odds Ratio 'OR'=1.88, confidence intervals 'C.I'=1.14-3.11), with higher knowledge level (OR=1.67, C.I=1.08-2.57) and perceiving higher risk for BC (OR=2.11, C.I=1.61-2.76) were the significant positive correlates for Saudi women interest in BC genetic testing. Conclusion: Saudi women express high interest in genetic testing for BC risk despite their poor awareness. This great interest may reflect the presence of inappropriate information regarding BC genetic testing and its role in risk analysis.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.117-127
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• 2012

The demand of rural tourism industry has increased among the urbanites in South Korea, in due to the increase of leisure activity and the emergence of ageing society. Rural amenity resources are gaining various interests, in the value creation and promotion of tourism. In this study, the propensities of city dwellers were separated by life-style classification, and each affinity to the rural amenity resources was examined in accordance with the separation. A questionnaire survey of urbanites in the southern area of Gyeonggi-do, the most populous province in South Korea, was conducted to analyze the preference of city dwellers about rural amenity resource and life-style of themselves. For statistical verification, $IBM^{(R)}$ $SPSS^{(R)}$ Statistics 20 software was used for frequency, reliability, factor and multiple regression analysis of this research. The results of the statistical analyses found a noticeable characteristic in life-style classification. The affinities of urbanites can be classified into four congregations of life-style factors in this statistical model. Each congregation of the factors was named as 'Self-development-oriented', 'Leisure-oriented', 'Achievement-oriented', and 'Culture-oriented' life-style, to represent the characteristics for convenience' sake. Among these styles, only 'Self-development-oriented' and 'Achievement-oriented' showed the positive correlation with rural amenity resources in the multiple regression analysis. In addition, the rural amenity resources were also analyzed in accordance with the life-styles classification of urbanites. City dwellers showed the highest interest to the 'natural resource management facility resource' in natural resources, the 'traditional heritage resource' in cultural resources, and the 'community resource' in social resources. Meanwhile, they showed less interest to 'agricultural and scenery resources' in natural resources, 'specialty production resource' in cultural resources, and 'cooperative farming' in social resources. These characteristics can be constructed as meaning that the urbanites who concern self-development and achievement of their lives have high interest in rural amenity resources, and the main interest of them is not 'return-to-the-farm'(歸農) but 'return-to-the-home'(歸村).

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• no.1
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• pp.127-130
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• 2001

Suzhou historic gardens include classical gardens, places of interest and palaces built by hills and waters. They are geographically distributed in the ancient city and the suburbs. Considered as both chinese and world class historic cultural heritage, these precious tourist resources have been included in the systematic urban planning of Suzhou and they are an integral part of the urban green plan and symbol and characteristic of the urban view. These gardens are also important for tourist industry-one of the pillar industries Suzhou. Therefore, historic gardens play an especially important role in the city's continuous development and it becomes an important task to make good protection, planning, construction and management of these historic gardens.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.1-32
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• 2021

With CB data in South Korea, this study examines whether the credit risk of borrowers changes when the regulation on bank mortgage supply is relaxed. We analyze the effect of deregulation on LTV and DTI limits in the Seoul-metropolitan area in August 2014 with a difference-in-difference approach. We find that the probability of delinquency is lower in the Seoul metropolitan area after the deregulation than in other urban areas. The effect is noticeable among low-income and low-credit borrowers. We also find that borrowers change their debt structure to reduce the interest costs utilizing their improved access to bank mortgages. The findings suggest the necessity to consider the burden of the high interest costs of unsecured loans for debtors with low incomes and low credit ratings in designing housing finance regulations.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.77-97
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• 2010

Recently, countries on the Caspian Sea were had heavily interested due to instability of international resource market. These countries having been developed basing on energy exports, especially Kazakhstan have drastically grown during a decades. However economy, heavily relied on the exports of energy, is influenced on fluctuation in the international energy price as well as sometimes exposed at Dutch disease. These days, Kazakhstan, increased trade and investment with Korea, has been on the rise as new supplier for energy. Therefore, economic change in Kazakhstan can be an important issue. In this paper, we analyze relations among oil price, interest rate, and real exchange rate during sample period from January 1999 to December 2008 expanding Balasa-Samuelson model. Empirical results present that oil price, interest rate, and real exchange rate mutually keep their balance. Eventually, we find out Kazakhstan has exposed at Dutch disease since oil price and interest rate have negative impacts on real exchange rate respectively.