• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.24-28
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• 1997

As a way to revive the traditional technology of Korean golden varnish(Hwangchill), the exudates of D. morbifera, this study was carried out at first to investigate the anatomical characteristics and the chemical composition of D. morbifera stems and their exudates. Trees of more than 20 years old were harvested at Wando and Jejudo islands in the southwestern part of Korean peninsula during different physiological seasons of winter, spring, and summer, The results obtained are as follows: 1. In the anatomical aspect of wood, Hwangchil woods is ring-porous wood, has alternate inter-vessel pittings and horizontal intercellular canal in xylem. 2. In the chemical aspect of wood and bark, the general compositions appeared hot to differ from those of other hardwoods, and ash and alcohol-benzene extractives showed little increase with the increase of atmospheric temperature of harvesting season. 3. In the solvent-sequential extraction of bark, wood and exudate, the exudates was extracted up to 80% by ether, but the bark and wood contained a very small amount of ether extractives, about 2% in the bark and 0.5% in the xylem.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.5 s.133
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• pp.1-6
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• 2005

The anatomical structure of fusiform ray was examined by scanning electron microscopy (and microscopic images were analysed by image analyser) to explain the differences in radial fluid uptake between the extremes in the radial treatment data, i.e. between the selected trees of QCI (Queen Charlotte Islands in Rhondda, South Wales) and SO (South Oregon in Dalby, North-East England) planted in the UK. The ray structure of these two seed origins was examined microscopically and different patterns of ray composition were observed. The most important anatomical features influencing radial permeability were the nature of fusiform ray, and the condition of the resin canals, epithelial cells and intercellular spaces in particular.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.86-100
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• 1985

A observation of the ovarian development and oogenesis of Pieris rapae Linne has been carried out during metamorphosis using stereo-microscope, light microscope and electron microscope. The results obtained through this experiment are as follows: 1. The ovarian development and vitellogenesis begin at the 3-day old pupa and the 6-day old pupa respectively, and the adult ovary right after their emergence contains a few mature eggs. 2. The species described above are further observed at six different stages in oogenesis, and the results are summarized as follows. 1) Pieris rapae has polytrophic ovarioles. The cell organelles of the nurse cells are transfered to the oocyte through the ring canal at the early oogenesis. 2) At stage 2, the nuclear envelope of oocyte nucleus is less infolding than that of nurse cell nucleus. In the oocyte cytoplasm a large number of ribosomes are observed. 3) At stage 3 and 4, many micropinocytotic vesicles are observed in the oocyte cytoplasm. These vesicles are fused together to form large proteid yolks. 4) At stage 5, the vitelline membrane is laid down in the intercellular space between the follicle cells and oocyte. 5) At stage 6, the chorion is formed by the follicle cells. 6) A micropyle and a number of aeropyle are observed on the surface of a mature egg.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.89 no.1
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• pp.116-125
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of CEPA(2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid) on bark physiology and anatomy of lactree(Rhus verniciflua Stokes). Sample trees of similar size and growth rate were selected from 7-year-old lactree plantation located in Hyengsung-kun, Kangwon-do. Lanolin pastes containing 0.1, 1, or 10% CEPA were put into the bark-removed hole made by corer(${\phi}1cm$) on the main stem at 1.2m above the ground on June 16, 1995. Five weeks after application of CEPA, bark thickness was markedly increased as a result of the increase in the amount of phloem and intercellular spaces, and correlated with the increased production of urushiol. By the application of 10% CEPA, bark thickness was increased approximately 2.5 times, and the urushiol content within bark was increased 2.8 times compared to that of untreated trees because CEPA stimulated the accumulation of urushiol within bark. Treatment of 10% CEPA also increased the size and the total number of secretory canals, and induced an increase in ray width. The phloem parenchyma cells of CEPA-treated trees were well-developed and closely packed with little intercellular space.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 1996

This study has observed the development, structure and distribution of oil canals in mitsuba, seri, ashitaba and hamabohu, that are condiment herbs belonging to the Umbelliferae family, using a light microscope. Oil canals were found in the petioles, leaf blades, stems, roots, hypocotyls and cotyledons. Oil classified into distribution due to ring vascular bundles, as in mitsuba and seri, and distribution due to diffuse vascular bundles, as in ashitaba and hamabohu. Oil canal development in the cortex due to petiole thickening was followed by the development of collenchyma and vascular bundles. However, no vascular bundles were formed in some cases. Many oil canals were found in the periphery of the petioles. Oil canals in leaf blades were found on the adaxial and abaxial sides on the veins. Those around the main veins were larger. Steam oil canals were found in the cortex and pith in mitsuba and seri, and in the cortex and fundamental tissues around the xylem, in ashitaba and hamabohu, while those in the roots were found in the pericycle in mitsuba and seri, and in the collenchyma-like tissues and phloem in ashitaba and hamabohu. The transverse sections of oil canals were round or elliptical. The secretory cells in the cortex and pith were smaller than the neighboring parenchyma cells, while they were larger than the neighboring parenchyma cells in the phloem.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.78 no.2
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• pp.119-131
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• 1989

This experiment was executed to investigate and compare qualitative and quantitative anatomical features in compression wood, opposite wood, and side wood formed in a bent stem, a straight branch, and an exposed horizontal root of Korean red pine(Pinus densiflora S. et Z.). The respective four discs containing compression wood taken at 20cm interval both in stem and branch as well as a disc containing well developed compression wood from horizontal root were analyzed. Percentage of compression wood and eccentricity showed decreasing tendency with the increasing distance in height direction of stem and length direction of branch. The qualitative anatomical features of compression wood appeared to differ from those of side and opposite wood in very gradual tracheid transition from earlywood to latewood, roundish tracheid shape on cross surface, tracheid distortion at tip on radial surface, existence of intercellular space, and helical cavity in tracheid wall. And the differences in these qualitative features among the compression wood, opposite wood, and side wood became less intensive with the decreasing trends in percentage of compression wood and eccentricity. The quantitative anatomical features in compression wood also appeared to be wider in that respective widths of fusiform and uniseriate ray than those of opposite and side wood, but the heights of fusiform and uniseriate ray in compression wood were smaller than in opposite and side wood. The number of horizontal resin canal(fusiform ray) and uniseriate ray, however, showed no differences among the compression wood, opposite wood, and side wood. And the number of vertical resin canal in unit area, $4{\pi}mm^2$ of compression wood was fewer than that in opposite wood, whereas numerous vertical resin canals contained in a growth ring. These rays of compression wood seemed to be characterized by smaller height and wider width than those of opposite and side wood.