• 대한간호학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.656-666
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop visions of nursing service, nursing strategies and key performance indicators (KPIs) for an intensive care unit (ICU) based on a Balanced Scorecard (BSC). Methods: This study was undertaken by using methodological research. The development process consisted of four phases; the first phase was to develop the vision of nursing in ICUs. The second phase was to develop strategies according to 4 perspectives of a BSC. The third phase was to develop KPIs according to the 4 perspectives of BSC and the final phase was to combine the nursing visions, strategies and KPIs of ICUs. Results: Two main visions of nursing service for ICUs were established. These were 'realization of harmonized professional nursing with human respect' and 'recovery of health through specialized nursing' respectively. In order to reach the aim of developing nursing visions, thirteen practical strategies and nineteen KPIs were developed by four perspectives of the BSC. Conclusion: The results will be used as objective fundamental data to attain business outcomes for the achievement of nursing visions and strategies of ICUs.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.603-613
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore and identify the role adaptation processes of family caregivers with patients transferred from intensive care unit to general ward. Methods: Using a grounded theory methodology, in-depth individual interviews were conducted. Data were collected from 11 participants. The participants were asked about their experiences of role adaptation considering situational contexts and interactional strategies. Transcribed data and field notes were analyzed using constant comparative analysis. Results: The core category was 'becoming almost a nurse with hope and fear'. The identified phenomena by the participants were the joy of being alive, having hope for a full recovery, anxiety and fear of uncertain future, feeling burdensome on a given role. The results included both role adaptation and mal-adaptation of caregivers. Conclusion: The role adaptation processes of family caregiver with patients transferred from intensive care unit to general ward can be explained as becoming almost a nurse with hope and fear. The findings of the study provided fundamental information for developing programs to support the given family caregivers for successful role adaptation.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.573-580
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was conducted to analyze intubation survival rates according to characteristics and to identify the risk factors affecting deliberate self-extubation. Methods: Data were collected from patients' electronic medical reports from one hospital in B city. Participants were 450 patients with endotracheal intubation being treated in intensive care units. The collected data were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier estimation, Log rank test, and Cox's proportional hazards model. Results: Over 15 months thirty-two (7.1%) of the 450 intubation patients intentionally extubated themselves. The patients who had experienced high level of consciousness, agitation. use of sedative, application of restraints, and day and night shift had significantly lower intubation survival rates. Risk factors for deliberate self-extubation were age (60 years and over), unit (neurological intensive care), level of consciousness (higher), agitation, application of restraints, shift (night), and nurse-to-patient ratio (one nurse caring for two or more patients). Conclusion: Appropriate use of sedative drugs, effective treatment to reduce agitation, sufficient nurse-to-patient ratio, and no restraints for patients should be the focus to diminish the number of deliberate self-extubations.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.187-198
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was to compare and examine the factors influencing burden of primary family caregivers according to the severity of illness of elderly patients admitted in an intensive care unit. Methods: Subjects were the families of elderly patients in intensive care units of K, S and Y hospitals in Seoul. Data were collected from March to October 2007. Subjects were 108 persons over age 65. Data were analyzed by SAS statistics. Results: First, groups 5 and 3 showed higher burden than that of group 4. Second, high correlation was found between stress and burden, stress and anxiety, and burden and anxiety. Third, factors influencing family burden were found to be stress for group 5, stress, anxiety, and monthly income for group 4, and stress and patient age for group 3. Conclusion: Specific nursing interventions to decrease the stress of primary family caregivers of serious ill elderly patients in an intensive care unit are needed. Additionally, more effective and systematic activation of a long-term medical insurance system for seriously ill seniors is considered necessary to mediate the burden of primary family caregivers.

• 센서학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.81-85
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• 2008

This paper addressed real-time urine monitoring device for intensive care patients. The device was developed to detect and count each urine drop using optical sensor and calculate the current urine output volume and its hourly rate. In experiment, the water volume scale of drainage bottle was observed and compared with the count of the device so that the volume of each drop was found to vary with the dropping rate per minute. From this measurement, the relationship equation was derived to estimate the total water volume from the drop rate (correlation coefficient : r= 0.99). The developed device could be applied to count patient's urine drop successfully. Therefore, this device can be used to monitor intensive care patient's urine status in real-time.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.413-422
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the nutrition-related factors influencing the prevalence of pressure ulcers among patients admitted to an intensive care unit. Methods: Research participants were 112 patients who were admitted to the ICU of a university hospital. Data were collected through questionnaires which included general characteristics, diet-related characteristics, nutritional status, and pressure ulcer status. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify independent factors association with prevalence of pressure ulcer Results: The prevalence of pressure ulcers was 58 patients (51.8%) at 10th day after ICU admission. In multivariate analysis, prevalence of pressure ulcers at 10th day in ICU was significantly higher in the nutritional risk group (OR=6.43), malnutrition group (OR=88.02), and deceased serum albumin group (OR=28.83). Conclusion: The results of this research indicate that scores on MNA (Mini Nutritional Assessment) and serum albumin were significant predictors of pressure ulcer prevalence in ICU patients. Therefore, regular MNA-SF and albumin checkups are needed to identify risk for pressure ulcer for ICU patients. In the case of decreased MNA-SF scores and serum albumin levels, more intensive pressure ulcer care is needed for ICU patients.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제37권7호
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• pp.1149-1158
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for a nosocomial urinary tract infection in intensive care units with a foley catheterization which showed a positive urine culture. Method: Three-hundred eighty-seven patients were included in the study. A retrospective review of the electrical medical record system's databases and medical record sheets in hospitalized patients from January 2003 to December 2003 was used. The collected data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. Result: The frequency of the participants' nosocomial urinary tract infection was 72.9%. Significant risk factors for a nosocomial urinary tract infection were 'age', 'place of catheter insertion', 'frequency of catheter change', and 'duration of catheterization'. These variables explained 18.4% of variance in the experience of nosocomial urinary tract infection in intensive care units with foley catheterization. Conclusion: Medical personnel can decrease the incidence of a nosocomial urinary tract infection by recognizing and paying attention to the duration of catheterization, frequency of catheter change, and place of catheter insertion. As a result, specific and scrupulous strategies should be developed to reflect these factors for decreasing nosocomial urinary tract infections.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.455-467
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• 2013

Purpose: This study investigated some extent of nurses' knowledge level of sepsis in the intensive care units (ICUs). Methods: A total of 178 nurses from 5 ICUs at one hospital were asked to complete a structured questionnaire from September 10, 2012 to September 17, 2012. The questionnaire was composed of 30 items invented by Robson and colleagues and based on the guidelines published by Dellinger and colleagues. Independent t-test and ANOVA with post-hoc test were used for statistical analyses. Results: The mean score about sepsis of ICU nurses was $25.1{\pm}3.3$, and the average percentage who got correct answers was 83.8%. Of the participants, 25.3% thought they knew about understood sepsis well, and 89.1% wanted to have a sepsis screening tool. Conclusion: The ICU nurses' knowledge level on sepsis was low. Continuing education for ICU nurses is, therefore, required. For this, the development of educational programs and screening tools about sepsis should be preceded.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.90-100
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• 2011

Purpose: This paper was to develop an elbow restraint which can reduce the side effects of the wrist restraint which was frequently used in an intensive care unit and to evaluate its application. Methods: A nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design was used. Subjects were 38 patients (elbow restraint group: 18, wrist restraint group: 20) and 20 nurses who used both restraints in medical intensive care unit at G National University Hospital. Restraints were applied to subjects for 72 hours. Data were collected from December 1, 2009 through March 31, 2010. The data collected were analyzed using $x^2-test$, Fisher's exact test, t-test, and ANCOVA using SPSS 12.0 program. Results: Elbow restraint significantly decreased range of wrist motion reduction, swelling and significantly increased the convenience of wearing restraint compared to wrist restraint. Conclusion: The new elbow restraint are more efficient than the old wrist restraint, which have been used in an intensive care unit, in terms of convenience of restraint application, range of joint motion and prevention of swelling.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was done to develop a program to promote maternal role confidence and maternal attachment for mothers of premature infants and to evaluate the effects in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods: This program was developed through a literature review and validation of an expert group, and tested with 60 preterm infants (experimental group 30, control group 30) in a NICU in South Korea. Data were collected from December 2017 to March 2018 and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, $x^2-test$ and Fisher's exact test with the SPSS/Win statistical program. Results: Maternal role confidence for the experimental group increased significantly compared to the control group (t=3.22, p=.002). Maternal attachment in the experimental group increased significantly compared to the control group (t=2.30, p=.025). Conclusion: The program developed in this study should be effective in promoting maternal role confidence and maternal attachment in mothers of premature infants.