• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.57-61
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• 2005

This paper presents a new colonoscopy training simulator that includes a specialized haptic device and graphics algorithms to transfer haptic sensation through a long and flexible tube, and manage large number of polygons. The developed haptic device makes the colonoscope tube move along the two guiding rods in the translational direction. The torque of the roll motion is transferred by a timing belt and pulleys. A special guide is developed, which allows the force and torque from the motors to be transmitted to the user without loss. The haptic device is evaluated by physicians. One of the important skills of the colonoscopy, jiggling is incorporated for the first time by the developed sensor mechanism using photo-sensors. A colonoscope handle that shares the look, feel, and functions with the actual colonoscope, is developed with the necessary electronics inside. The number of polygons is reduced by an edge-collapse algorithm for real-time simulation. The algorithms to import CT data, to segment the colon image, to extract centerline of the colon, and to construct the colon surface, are integrated into a Colon Modeling Kit system that performs all these processes in real-time.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.451-456
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• 2005

This paper describes three kinds of experiments and analysis of their results related to human tactile sensitivity using an integrated tactile display system. The device can provide vibration, normal pressure and lateral slip/stretch which are important physical quantities to sense texture. We have tried to find out the efficient method of stimulating, limitation of surface discrimination by kinesthetic farce feedback and the effectiveness of the combination of kinesthetic force and tactile feedback. Seven kinds of different stimulating methods were carried out and they are single or combination of the kinesthetic force, normal static pressure, vibration, active/passive shear and moving wave. Both prototype specimen and stimulus using tactile display were provided to all examinees and they were allowed to answer the most similar sample. The experimental results show that static pressure is proper stimulus for the display of micro shape of the surface and vibrating stimulus is more effective for the display of fine surface. And the sensitivities of active touch and passive touch are compared. Since kinesthetic force feedback is appropriate to display shape and stiffness of an object, but roughness display has a limitation of resolution, the concurrent providing methods of kinesthetic and tactile feedback are applied to simulate physical properties during touching an object.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.29
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• pp.77-85
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• 2001

The change of society causes the change of art necessarily. The experiments of plastic art which as been done by avant-garde movements at early 20th century have pursued ″Object drama″ consistently as trials of more or less abstract drama. As these plastic arts have used genre or media like circuses, sports, variate, films, screen play, newspapers and a quick method which had not been considered suitable for conventional aesthetic plastic arts, these arts looked provocative and, these provocative plastic arts have ignored universality shown in conventional arts and have caused extreme ″sensation″ accordingly. As a result, abstract art based on style which is against aestheticism and naturalism has been generalized. This style does not deny customary laws of art wholly but it requires new concept. Having ignored traditional styles, a new compositive and responsive way of composition which does not deviate from tradition has been pursued. A new and general understanding of arts which do not deny all conventionally-effective standards extremely has been developed. In this regard, this study analyzes characteristics of Bauhaus Theater which has tried to apply new technology engineering to plastic art as an integrated concept of art and technology amongst the directions of development of provocation, innovation and revolution in case of the plastic art of stage painting, and analyzes how this influences on modern painting in terms of avant-garde arts reviewing the meaning of this theory.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.551-565
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• 2012

The primary goal of this study was to provide a systematic methodology of utilizing 3D technology for tight-fit performance sportswear using information of skin deformation in various posture. Technical tools used in this study are Cyberware whole body scanner, RapidForm2004, 2C-AN 3D pattern development program, and YukaCAD. Analysis of the 3D skin deformation while knee joint was bent from $0^{\circ}$ to $60^{\circ}$ revealed that the length of dermatomes L4 was remained consistent during knee bending. Therefore, L4 was chosen as a major cutting line. To develop a highly ergonomic pattern, replicas of static and dynamic postures were developed and integrated using two methods, one is morphing method (Sqirlz Morph), and the other is AutoCAD. Experimental tight-fit garments called 'Derm-Mov Pattern' was designed using dematomes L4, L2, and inner line under knee and compared with four other patterns. As results, AutoCAD was appropriate as a integrating method of various postures. In wear test, 'Derm-Mov Pattern' was rated high (p < .001), in terms of pressure comfort especially around front crotch area. However, wear sensation was not signipicantly different in other area due to highly extensible property of materials. Pressure distribution was relatively even in these experimental garments.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.85-110
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• 2014

Objectives This study intends to present the writing of standardized medical records based on Korean medicine on the basis of the Sanghanron symptoms. Methods 1. Excluding the sentences unrelated to the Sanghanron symptoms, the symptoms in the rest of sentences were extracted. 2. Classifying the extracted symptoms as per the review of system, the similar symptoms were integrated. 3. Calculating the frequencies of each symptom, each strain rate was calculated. Results & Conclusion: 1. Resulting from the analysis on 378 sentences in Sanghanron, a total of 1566 different symptoms were extracted. 2. As results out of total, the symptom related to the temperature sensation accounted for 17.9%, that related to sweat did 6.5%, that related to pulse did 12.4%, that related to eye and nose and mouth and tongue and throat as well as thirst did 7.7%, that related to stool did 11.6%, that related to urination and urinary organs did 4.9%, that related to language and mind and sleep and agitation as well as heart did 10.0%, and that related to vomiting and abdomen as well as digestive organs did 15.4%. 3. There were found many symptoms were described in accordance with the severity of basic expressions. For examples, in case of fever, there were mild fever and high fever, and in case of sweat, there were profuse sweating and slightly sweating. 4. To create the medical records for cold damage disease, it may necessary to consider the factors to be recorded as per each symptom and write the detail of each symptom.

• Journal of Korean Traditional Oncology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.11-24
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• 2020

Objective : Radiodermatitis is a common sequelae in 95% of patients receiving radiation therapy, which is important to be well managed as it can affect the patient's quality of life as well as the cancer treatment schedule. The aim of this study is to review and summarize the interventions available for the treatment of acute radiodermatitis, including traditional Korean medicine, and to propose treatment algorithms for clinicians. Methods : To collect studies about managements for radiodermatitis, domestic and foreign database were used such as Korean journal of traditional knowledge portal (KTKP), Korean studies information service system (KISS), national discovery or science leaders (NDSL), and oriental medicine advance searching integrated system (OASIS), Pubmed, Google scholar and Scopus. Results : Thirty-two studies were selected. There were nine studies on usual care and dressing, eleven studies on chemical agents, two studies on biological preparations, and ten studies on herbal medicines. Conclusion : Hygienic options and dressings have proved to be useful in the management of radiodermatitis. Chemical agents such as corticosteroid, statin, and topical antibiotic agent have proved to alleviate symptoms and severity, regenerate damaged skin, and prevent secondary infection. In biological preparations, EGF (epidermal growth factor) and GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) could be used to protect skin and prevent radiodermatitis. For herbal medicines, Calendula, catechin, β-sitosterol, and Jaungo (紫雲膏) may be effective for symptoms including pain, itching, and burning sensation induced by radiation therapy. Because of some research with conflicting results, further studies are needed to propose an algorithm for more optimal treatments.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.11-34
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• 2015

Objectives This study intends to present the writing of standardized medical records based on Korean medicine on the basis of Geum-gwe-yo-ryak symptoms. Methods 1. Excluding the sentences unrelated to the Geum-gwe-yo-ryak symptoms, the symptoms in the rest of sentences were extracted. 2. Classifying the extracted symptoms as per the review of system, the similar symptoms were integrated. 3. Calculating the frequencies of each symptom, each strain rate was calculated. 4. The above results were compared with the results of existing similar study on Sang-han-ron("傷寒論") symptoms Results Conclusion 1. Resulting from the analysis on all sentences in Geum-gwe-yo-ryak, a total of 1486 different symptoms were extracted. 2. As results out of total, the symptom related to the temperature sensation accounted for 12.4%, that related to sweat did 3.8%, that related to thirst did 3.8%, that related to edema did 3.4%, that related to musculoskeletal system did 6.9%, that related to breathing did 8.6%, that related to chest and hypochondrium did 6.2%, that related to abdomen did 9.5%, that related to digestive system did 9.6%, that related to stool did 6.4%, that related to urination and urinary system did 5.7%, that related to mouth, eye, ear, nose, throat did 5.3%, that related to skin did 4.5%, that related to language, mind, sleep and emotion did 6.7%. 3. Compared with Sang-han-ron, Edema appear only in Geum-gwe-yo-ryak. Therefore, edema may be a characteristic symptoms of miscellaneous disease.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.185-190
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• 2011

A driver interacts directly with the car seat at all times. There are ergonomic characteristics that have to be followed to produce comfortable seats. However, most of previous researches focused on either static or dynamic condition only. In addition, research on car seat development is critically lacking although Malaysia herself manufactures its own car. Hence, this paper integrates objective measurements and subjective evaluation to predict seat discomfort. The objective measurements consider both static and dynamic conditions. Steven's psychophysics power law has been used in which after expansion; ${\psi}\;=\;a+b{\varphi}_s^{\alpha}+c{\varphi}_v^{\beta}$ where ${\psi}$ is discomfort sensation, ${\varphi}_s^{\alpha}$ is static modality with exponent ${\alpha}$ and ${\varphi}_v^{\beta}$ is dynamic modality with exponent ${\beta}$. The subjects in this study were local and the cars used were Malaysian made compact car. Static objective measurement was the seat pressure distribution measurement. The experiment was carried out on the driver's seat in a real car with the engine turned off. Meanwhile, the dynamic objective measurement was carried out in a moving car on real roads. During pressure distribution and vibration transmissibility experiments, subjects were requested to evaluate their discomfort levels using vehicle seat discomfort survey questionnaire together with body map diagram. From subjective evaluations, seat pressure and vibration dose values exponent for static modality ${\alpha}$ = 1.51 and exponent for dynamic modality ${\beta}$ = 1.24 were produced. The curves produced from the $E_{q.s}$ showed better $R_{-sq}$ values (99%) when both static and dynamic modalities were considered together as compared to Eq. with single modality only (static or dynamic only R-Sq = 95%). In conclusion, car seat discomfort prediction gives better result when seat development considered both static and dynamic modalities; and using ergonomic approach.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.88-107
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• 2012

Hybrid implies that elements in more than two are combined, and is what is merged and used complexly the technologies and materials in several fields according to the development in scientific technology and the progress in technology. In the formative and artistic aspect, the hybrid can be said to be phenomenon that two of mutually different genres are combined. The function and form in each genre, which were combined at this time, are remained wholly or partially, thereby revealing as well without hiding a fact of having been combined. In the digital communication era, the same time level was integrated into one culture, with destroying the temporal·spatial boundary. As for the objectives of this study, first, the aim is to suggest a model for researching into make-up by grasping the developmental process and the characteristics of hybrid art through considering an art theory of hybrid, which was shown in make-up. Second, the aim is to design make-up by analyzing trend by make-up style after applying the genre deconstruction in hybrid. The modern make-up design through genre-deconstruction characteristics beyond diverse plurality and genre could be known to be highlighted as aesthetic characteristic by a slight attempt as communication of open space, which connects culture and genre, which had failed to be recognized and was neglected. Through the results of this study, it could be known that there is infinite possibility in developing make-up design in line with modern sensation through aesthetic element and symbolic significance through genre deconstruction. Based on these findings, its significance can be said to be in substantially contributing to offering new sight to the design & formative characteristic and the expression mode in future make-up, to providing basic data, and to strengthening competitive edge of culture and art.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.86-94
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• 2024

Objective: To evaluate the changes in bladder capacity and storage through non-invasive neuromodulation by application of repetitive Trans magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and genital nerve stimulation (GNS) in traumatic spinal cord survivors. Design: A Single Case Study. Method: The Patient was registered in trail with the clinical trial registry of India (CTRI/2022/05/042431). The Patient was interposed with rTMS on lumbar area, from T11-L4 vertebrae with 1 Hz and the intensity was 20% below that elicited local paraspinal muscular contraction for 13 minutes. GNS was placed over dorsum of the penis with the cathode at the base and anode 2 cm distally at 20 Hz, 200 microseconds, Continuous and biphasic current was delivered and amplitude of stimulation necessary to elicit the genito-anal reflex. For assessment, Neurological examination was done for peri-anal sensation (PAS), voluntary anal contraction (VAC) and bulbocavernous reflex (BCR), deep anal pressure (DAP), and American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (ASIA scale). Outcome assessment was done using Urodynamics, Spinal Cord Independence Measure Scale Version-III (SCIM-III), American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Score (ASIA Score), Beck's Depression Inventory Scale (BDI). The baseline evaluation was taken on Day 0 and on Day 30. Results: The pre-and post-data were collected through ASIA score, SCIM-III, BDI and Urodynamics test which showed significant improvement in bladder capacity and storage outcomes in the urodynamics study across the span of 4 weeks. Conclusion: rTMS along with GNS showed improvement in bladder capacity & storage, on sensory-motor score, in functional independence of individual after SCI.