• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.559-573
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• 2020

The purpose of this study analyzed the overview of corrugated cardboasrd manufacturing industry and then provide direction for improvement. The BREF (BAT reference document) is an important reference for licensees and officer, including the best available techniques for the industry and achievable environmental performance, technical characteristics, and economic information. In the corrugated cardboard manufacturing process, wastewater pollutants are generated throughout the production process, and water is used in the dissociation and aging process. Atmospheric emissions are mostly generated by steam production from boilers and incinerators for the dry process. SO₂, NOx, CO₂, CO, HCl, dust, VOC, and odor were common. In the EU-BREF (European union BAT reference documents) BAT for wastewater have taken up a relatively large proportion. Items of water pollutants in wastewater were common in COD, BOD, N, P, SS, and however EU-BREF had different pollutants such as AOX and salt compared to K-BREF. In order to improve the quality of the K-BREF, it is necessary to devise basic data research method and data acqusitiom method. Consideration should be given to additional environmental management techniques that reflect the emissions characteristics of the corrugated cardboard manufacturing process. In addition, further research is needed to develop methodologies for selecting BATs considering environmental and economic feasibility.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.97-108
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• 1999

There are so many theories and arguments on the architectural design process. However, in the time of the environmental preservation, there is the need for the introduction of the systematic green design process because no existing design process theories could give the rational design tool far the integrated design with environmental factors. This study, through the literature survey, is on the new paradigm for the systematic approach to the integrated process of 'the Green Design'.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.63-70
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• 2010

This study introduce a architectural design process by the changes of sustainable design guidelines in public project. First of all, this study examines existing integrated design process studies performed by Rhee & U.B.C. Also, this study examines sustainable guidelines which demanded by public building projects. Then, this study introduces sustainable design process using existing sustainable design process, and shows that how to operate and proceed integrated design to satisfy the sustainable guidelines in practice. The results of this study are as follows. (1) Since 2007, sustainable design guidelines of bidding projects have been highlighted. (2) In public buildings, energy saving is very important issue. Especially energy certification demands 1st degree(under $300kWh/m^2{\cdot}yr$). (3) Inp ractice, integrated design team performed sustainable design using the sustainable design process to improve sustainable in public buildings.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.18
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• pp.139-148
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• 1998

Traditionally, the problems of manufacturing technology and manufacturing management have been treated independently. In this research, we endeavor to integrate the process planning and scheduling activities as an attempt to integrate the two realms. To draw up a plan of process planning and scheduling in real manufacturing environment is not an easy task because available time to plan could be limited and the shop status could change frequently. So we propose an architecture of integrated process planing and scheduling problem within the allowed time even if sheep situations change rather frequently. We argue that we can obtain a better and practical scheduling solution by dynamically changing the processing machines and operations as the shop condition changes. The proposed system takes the initial information for alternative machines and operations represented by an AND/OR graph as its input. Other informational inputs to the system are part order and shop statues. The system then generates new process plan and schedules during permitted time. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme provides a viable solution for real world scheduling problems.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.1-21
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to explore employees' experiences of integrated services in Healthy Family and Multicultural Family Support Centers in Seoul. In-depth interviews were conducted with seven employees, including managers and heads of Healthy Family and Multicultural Family Support Centers. The interviews identified three themes: the direction of integrated service, the characteristics of the integration process, and the challenges of integrated service. For the direction of integrated service, the participants identified the integration center as a professional family services organization that provided customized services for different types of families. During the integration process, employees found it difficult to provide integrated services because few guidelines existed on operating an integration center that provided services to families with different characteristics and needs. However, they also explained positive aspects of integration, such as strengthening the business's capacity by expanding the organization. To improve integrated service, employees emphasized the expertise and appropriateness of the family services over the efficiency of the integration centers. They also stressed expansion as a role of a professional family services organization. These findings suggested that establishing a clear direction for integrated service as well as the roles of administrative support agencies is important for activating integrated services.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.66-71
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• 2015

The purpose of the study is to establish priorities in integrated medicine policy. Delphi method was used in conducting a survey on integrated medicine specialists regarding the policies of integrated medicine and actions. For specialists in integrated medicine, total 17 persons selected included scholars who performed minimum one study on integrated medicine, medical staff who performing integrated medical service at institutions that implemented integrated medical care or those who were involved in creating or implementing policies on integrated medicine. The first Delphi-method survey conducted from Apr. 14 through 18, while the second survey was carried out from Apr. 21 through 25. To prioritize the policies based on the results of the mini Delphi-method survey, Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) was performed for 15 persons answered to mini Delphi-method from May 2 through 16, 2014. From the Delphi-method survey, four policies and 16 actions were obtained. AHP showed the first priority placed on 'Building the Infrastructure of Industrialization in the Integrative medicine' of the 4 policies and 'Developing new diagnostic and treatment instruments' was given the highest priority of the 16 actions. For implementation of integrated medicine policy, the 4 policies and the 16 actions found in this research require government support and should be urgently implemented according to its priority.

• Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.248-252
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• 2015

Currently composite manufacturing process, such as linear friction welding plus NC machining, is the main method for the manufacturing and repairing of complex parts with integrated structure. Due to different datum position and inevitable distortion from different processes, it is important to ensure sufficient machining allowance for complex parts during the NC machining process. In this paper, a workpiece localization approach for machining allowance optimization of complex parts based on CMM inspection is developed. This technique concerns an alignment process to ensure sufficient stock allowance for the single parts as well as the whole integrated parts. The mathematical model of the constrained alignment is firstly established, and then the symmetric block solution strategy is proposed to solve the optimization model. Experiment result shows that the approach is appropriate and feasible to distribute the machining allowance for the single and whole parts for adaptive machining of complex parts.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.47-56
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• 2015

Purpose and Method: Despite benefits of building energy simulations, practitioners seem to be reluctant to use simulations for design decision making. By means of survey and interviews, this study aims to investigate domestic hindrance against increasing simulation usability, and to collect user requirement to enhance technical functionality of the simulation. Also this study compares the Information Sharing Workflow by Stantec and general domestic design process in order to identify a direction of the Integrated Design Process. Result: Finally this study wraps up with suggestions of how simulation functionality and use protocol should be in order to satisfy user requirement and also to gather more users.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.195-199
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• 2010

Today, as construction industry grows rapidly, technology has advanced throughout the whole industrial world. Architectural design phase has gone digital from the traditional method of drawing which was an important means in the past, and Building Information Modeling(BIM), an emerging new paradigm, changed architectural design process. So this paper studies the difference between a 2D-based and a BIM-based design process which are currently applied to domestic, and proposes a BIM-based integrated design process in order to help establish BIM to domestic efficiently.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.77-86
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• 2000

The planning process of complex projects in oceanic architectural engineering is characterized by the cooperation of many involved specialists and by a high degree of information exchange. In order to improve the quality of the structural design of oceanic buildings, information of different involved partners in the planning process has to be integrated. This paper aims to introduce a concept of the integrated structural design for the floating-type oceanic building using STEP(Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data). STEP(ISO 10303) is an international standard for the computer-interpretable representation and exchange of product data and it provides a consistent data exchange format and application interfaces between different application systems. In this paper, the structural design process and information of oceanic buildings is analyzed and product models are preposed fir the exchange of the structural design information between superstructure and floating structure. The entities for calculating wind loads, metacenter and restoring forces are represented by Express. As a case study a floating hotel is applicated to describe the STEP physical file.