• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.309-317
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• 2009

As far as we know, there were no studies of the effect of L-arginine on bone metabolism in post-menopausal women or ovariectomized rats. The primary objective of the current study was to determine whether arginine supplementation was associated with alterations in femoral and spinal bone mineral density (BMD) and bone markers in ovariectomized (Ovx) rats. Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups, Ovx and sham groups, which were each randomly divided into two subgroups that were fed control and arginine supplemented diet. All rats were fed on experimental diet and deionized water ad libitum for 9 weeks. Bone formation was measured by serum osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentrations. Bone resorption was measured by deoxypyridinoline (DPD) crosslinks immunoassay and corrected for creatinine. Serum osteocalcin, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin were analyzed using radioimmunoassay kits. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were measured using PIXImus (GE Lunar Co, Wisconsin, USA) in spine and femur. The serum and urine concentrations of Ca and P were determined. The plasma was analyzed for arginine. Diet did not affect weight gain, mean food intake, and plasma arginine concentration. Urinary Ca excretion was decreased by arginine supplementation in Ovx rats, but statistically not significant. The Ovx rats fed arginine-supplemented diet were not significantly different in ALP, osteocalcin, crosslinks value, PTH, calcitonin and IGF-1 compared to those fed control diet. The arginine-supplemented group had significantly higher serum Ca and growth hormone than control group. Spine and femur BMD were significantly increased by arginine supplementation on 5th and 9th weeks after feeding. Our findings indicate that dietary L-arginine supplementation decreased bone mineral density loss in Ovx rats. Therefore, dietary arginine supplementation may represent a potentially useful strategy for the management of osteoporosis.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.199-205
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• 2008

성장기 암컷 쥐를 대상으로 이소플라본 섭취수준에 따라 골대사 지표 및 골대사 관련 호르몬에 미치는 영향을 알아 보기 위해 실시한 연구 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 체중증가량과 식이섭취량, 식이효율은 이소플라본의 섭취수준에 따라 실험군간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 2) 골형성 지표인 혈청 ALP, osteocalcin은 이소플라본 섭취수준에 따라 실험군간에 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 3) 골흡수 지표인 DPD crosslink value도 이소플라본 섭취수준에 따라 실험군간에 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 4) 혈청 에스트로겐 농도, 부갑상선 호르몬과 인슐린유사 성장인자-I 농도는 이소플라본 섭취수준에 따라 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 5) 칼시토닌농도는 1IF군과 1/2IF군 보다 1IF군이 골형성과 골흡수에 유리한 경향을 나타내었고 칼시토닌과 성장호르몬이 유의적으로 증가하여 장기적으로는 골대사에 더 유리한 영향을 미칠 것으로 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.17-20
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• 2001

The effect of chicken IGF-I on protein synthesis of chicken embryo myoblasts cultured in serum-free medium was examined. When myoblasts were expanded to approximate 20-30% of well, the medium was changed to the serum-free medium including 0, 2, 20, 200 or 2000 ng/ml of recombinant chicken IGF-I. The culture medium including 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) was used as positive control. After 1 day of incubation, protein synthesis was measured by the incorporation of [$^3H$]-L-leucine. Thereafter cells were continued to incubate for further 18 hours, and the radioactivity in the protein was measured as an index of protein synthesis. The values for protein synthesis cultured in the serum-free medium without chicken IGF-I or with 2000 ng/ml of chicken IGF-I were the lowest. Protein synthesis was elevated with increasing chicken IGF-I concentration from 0 to 20 ng/ml. The values for protein synthesis in the 20 ng/ml and 200 ng/ml IGF-I groups were about half of that of the FCS group. The present study revealed that the potency of chicken IGF-I at the levels of 20 to 200 ng/ml to stimulate myoblast protein synthesis was about half of that of 10% FCS.

• 한국해양바이오학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.76-85
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• 2021

Crassostrea gigas were fermented using L. brevis BJ20 to prepare fermented oyster extract (FO). The participants of this study were randomly assigned to FO and placebo (CON) groups. The FO group was given 1.0 g of FO supplementation and the CON group was given sucrose each day for eight weeks. The effects of FO supplementation on body composition, muscula r strength, and blood factors associated with muscle growth were assessed. The FO supplement was enriched with arginine (6,183.3 mg), phenylalanine (217.9 mg), leucine (122.6 mg), isoleucine (59.8 mg), valine (16.4 mg), and γ-amino butyric acid (GABA, 1,053.7 mg). The total fat was significantly decreased in the FO group compared with the CON group (p < 0.05). 60D/S Ext.T/Wo rk and 60D/S Flex.T/Work concomitantly with 60D/S Flex.PeakTQ/BW were significantly increase d by FO treatment compared to CON group (p < 0.05). However, posture stability was not significa ntly different between the groups. The levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme were significantly decreased within the FO group (p < 0.05). The FO group showed significantly decreased levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and increased levels of human growth hormone compared with the CON group (p < 0.01). The levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 increased (p < 0.01) in the FO group while that of creatine kinase and triglyceride decreased significantly compared with the CON group (p < 0.05). These results demonstrated that FO supplementation is effective in preventing sarcopenic obesity and maintaining and strengthening muscular function in elderly wom en. Hence, FO supplements can be used as functional ingredients for these benefits.

• BMB Reports
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• 제42권10호
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• pp.655-660
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• 2009

The potential anti-metastasis and anti-invasion activities of early growth response gene-1 (Egr-1) and claudin-3, a tight junction (TJ)-related protein, were evaluated using histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors in human hepatocarcinoma cells. The results of wound healing and Transwell assays showed that HDAC inhibitors such as trichostatin A and sodium butyrate inhibited cell migration and invasion. HDAC inhibitors markedly induced Egr-1 expression during the early period, after which expression levels decreased. In addition, the down-regulation of snail and type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) in HDAC inhibitor- treated cells induced the upregulation of thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), E-cadherin and claudin-3. Cells transfected with Egr-1 and claudin-3 siRNA displayed significant blockage of HDAC inhibitor-induced anti-invasive activity. Collectively, these findings indicate that the up-regulation of Egr-1 and claudin-3 are crucial steps in HDAC inhibitor-induced anti-metastasis and anti-invasion.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.1674-1680
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to detect significant SNPs for blood components that were related to immunity using high single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) density panels in a Korean native pig (KNP)${\times}$Yorkshire (YK) cross population. A reciprocal design of KNP${\times}$YK produced 249 $F_2$ individuals that were genotyped for a total of 46,865 available SNPs in the Illumina porcine 60K beadchip. To perform whole genome association analysis (WGA), phenotypes were regressed on each SNP under a simple linear regression model after adjustment for sex and slaughter age. To set up a significance threshold, 0.1% point-wise p value from F distribution was used for each SNP test. Among the significant SNPs for a trait, the best set of SNP markers were determined using a stepwise regression procedure with the rates of inclusion and exclusion of each SNP out of the model at 0.001 level. A total of 54 SNPs were detected; 10, 6, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 10, and 6 SNPs for neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil, basophil, atypical lymph, immuno-globulin, insulin, and insulin-like growth factor-I, respectively. Each set of significant SNPs per trait explained 24 to 42% of phenotypic variance. Several pleiotropic SNPs were detected on SSCs 4, 13, 14 and 15.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.948-954
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• 2010

운동은 신경의 생성, 적응, 보호 기능을 통해 뇌 기능 및 생성에 긍정적인 영향을 미치며, 유산소운동은 뇌신경 성장인자(GH, IGF-1, estrogen, serotonin)를 변화시키는 것으로 보고되었다. 본 연구는 여자 아동의 뇌기능 발달 및 뇌세포 생성 유도인자의 유산소운동 효과를 알아보고자 유산소운동 프로그램에 따른 뇌신경 성장인자(GH, IGF-1, estrogen, serotonin)의 변화를 분석하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 반복측정 분산분석에 의해 운동군과 대조군의 평균을 비교한 결과 유산소운동은 집단간 유의한 차이를 보이며 체중, BMI, 체지방량, 체지방률을 감소 시켰으며, 제지방률을 증가시켰다. 또한 뇌신경 성장인자인 serotonin을 감소시켰으며, GH와 IGF-1을 증가시켰다. 본 연구결과 유산소운동 프로그램이 아동의 체중, BMI, 체지방, 체지방률 감소와 제지방률 증가에 효과적이다. 또한 serotonin이 운동 후 감소된 결과를 볼 때 유산소운동 프로그램이 아동의 중추피로 감소에 효과적이며, GH, IGF-1의 운동 후 증가된 결과를 볼 때 유산소운동이 아동의 뇌기능 발달 및 뇌세포 생성 유도에 긍정적인 프로그램임을 알 수 있다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.3191-3194
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• 2012

Objective: To investigate the association between the change of IGF-2 level in serum after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression, especially in relation to metastasis. Methods: IGF-2 in serum was measured by quantitative sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assaybefore, 3 days and 4 weeks after TACE in 60 patients with HCC. The occurrence of HCC metastasis was also evaluated, 3 months after TACE. Results: (1) The average serum level of IGF-2 in the 60 patients with HCC was $136.5{\pm}87.3$ pg/ml; (2) A tendency for increase was observed with heterogenous uptake of octreotide and portal vein thrombosis. Metastatic foci were found in 37/38 patients in the group with IGF-2 increasing (97.0%), in contrast to 3/22 (13.6%) patients with IGF-2 decrease. Conclusion: The increase of IGF-2 level in serum appears to be associated with the occurrence of metastatic HCC after TACE and chemotherapy.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.403-409
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• 2018

Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of a lipid-coated zinc oxide (ZnO) supplement Shield Zn (SZ) at the sub-pharmacological concentration on intestinal morphology and gene expression in weanling pigs, with an aim to gain insights into the mechanism of actions for SZ. Methods: Forty 22-day-old weanling pigs were fed a nursery diet supplemented with 100 or 2,500 mg Zn/kg with uncoated ZnO (negative control [NC] or positive control [PC], respectively), 100, 200, or 400 mg Zn/kg with SZ for 14 days and their intestinal tissues were taken for histological and molecular biological examinations. The villus height (VH) and crypt depth (CD) of the intestinal mucosa were measured microscopically following preparation of the tissue specimen; expression of the genes associated with growth and immune function was determined using the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: There was no difference in daily gain, gain:feed, and diarrhea score between the SZ group and either of NC and PC. The VH and VH:CD ratio were less for the SZ group vs NC in the jejunum and duodenum, respectively (p<0.05). The jejunal mucosal mRNA levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) and interleukin (IL)-10 regressed and tended to regress (p = 0.053) on the SZ concentration with a positive coefficient, respectively, whereas the IL-6 mRNA level regressed on the SZ concentration with a negative coefficient. The mRNA levels of IGF-I, zonula occludens protein-1, tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$, IL-6, and IL-10 did not differ between the SZ group and either of NC and PC; the occludin and transforming growth $factor-{\beta}1$ mRNA levels were lower for the SZ group than for PC. Conclusion: The present results are interpreted to suggest that dietary ZnO provided by SZ may play a role in intestinal mucosal growth and immune function by modulating the expression of IGF-I, IL-6, and IL-10 genes.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.632-637
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• 2005

본 연구는 streptozotocin(STZ)을 투여하여 고혈당이 유발된 생쥐에 지구자(Hovenia dulcis) 추출물의 투여가 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 수행하였다. 대조군(Con군)은 STZ로 고혈당을 유발한 후 생리식염수 2 mL/kg를 투여하였으며, 실험군은 고혈당이 유발된 생쥐에 지구자 추출물 0.01 g/kg(H1군)과 0.049/kg(H2군)를 매일 5주간 구강 투여하였다. 체중은 CG군이나 H1군에 비하여 H2군에서 가장 높았다. 혈당량은 대조군에 비하여 H1군과 H2군 모두에서 전반적으로 유의성있게 감소하였다. 당내성 검사 결과 대조군에 비하여 H1군과 H2군 모두에서 우수한 소견을 보여주었다. 인슐린 면역조직화학 결과 대조군 췌장의 췌장섬은 파괴되어 있었으나, H1군과 H2군에서는 인슐린-양성 세포들이 다수 관찰되었다. IGF-I과 II의 면역조직화학 결과 대조군에서는 소수의 샘포세포에서 양성반응을 보였으나, H2군에서는 다수의 샘포세포에서 아주 높은 면역반응성을 보여 주었다. 이상의 결과로 보아 지구자 추출물은 STZ로 유발된 손상으로부터 $\beta$-세포의 회복 또는 재생과 췌장 샘포세포의 IGF발현에 관여하는 것으로 사료되었다.