• Educational Technology International
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.47-70
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• 2011

The purpose of this paper was to develop evaluation procedures for blended instruction, focusing on the courses that are currently offered in the university. This study analyzed current evaluation procedures and instruments and suggested redesign the evaluation process for blended instruction. The evaluation procedures are designed based on the combination of objective-oriented and consumer-oriented evaluation approaches. It includes three stages: front-end (screening), formative evaluation, and summative evaluation. During the front-end evaluation stage, information regarding students' technology skills and attitudes towards online instruction and classroom instruction are suggested to collect and plan the instructional strategies accordingly. The formative evaluation is conducted during the semester to collect students' opinions about the course and instructors modify their instruction based on the evaluation results. At the end of semester, summative evaluation is to be conducted to collect the data to improve the course. Evaluation questions and components for each stage are developed to collect the data such as students' perceptions of the course, the usefulness of online instructional materials, the effectiveness of blended learning strategies, and students' satisfaction with the course.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2014

As a preliminary approach to developing a bedside teaching program, this study analyzed the instructional models that have been suggested for bedside teaching. The objects of analysis were four models: the 'Cox model,' which is composed of an experience cycle and an explanation cycle; the 'best teaching practice model' by Janicik and Fletcher; the 'twelve tips to improve bedside teaching' by Ramani; and the SNNAPS model for outpatient education by Wolpaw, Wolpaw, and Papp. This study was conducted in three steps. First, we identified the major components of each model and analyzed their characteristics and limitations. Second, we compared each model in terms of four aspects: the learner, learning interaction, learning context, and organization management. Third, on the basis of prior analysis, the possibilities and potential problems of the models were explored. Based on this review of the existing instructional design models, we proposed an additional four key elements for designing a bedside teaching program: multi-layered learners, various learning environments and contexts, time management by using media, and self-directed design.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.505-518
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• 2018

이 연구에서는 구성주의적 수행평가 워크숍에 참여한 예비 화학교사가 수행평가 과제 개발 과정에서 고려하는 교과교육학 지식(PCK) 구성 요소와 구성 요소 사이 연계의 특징을 분석하였다. 8명의 예비교사가 연구에 참여하였고, 이들은 3주간의 구성주의적 수행평가 워크숍 후 수행평가 과제를 개발하였다. 예비교사의 수행평가 과제 개발 과정을 조사하기 위해 발성 사고법을 사용하였고, 활동을 녹음 및 녹화하였으며 반구조화된 면담을 통하여 자료를 수집하였다. 분석 결과, 개별 수행평가 과제 개발 과정의 구상 단계에서는 과학 평가, 교수 전략, 학생, 내용에 관한 지식이 거의 동일한 비율로 나타났고, 구체화 단계에서는 과학 평가에 관한 지식이 주로 나타났다. 조별 논의 과정에서는 과학 평가, 교수 전략, 학생에 관한 지식의 비율이 거의 같았다. 그러나 과학교육과정에 관한 지식과 하위 요소 중 과학 과정 지식을 고려한 경우는 드물었다. PCK 구성 요소 사이의 연계는 개별 수행평가 과제 개발 과정의 구상 단계에서 과학 교수 전략에 관한 지식을 중심으로 나타났고, 구체화 단계와 조별 논의 과정에서는 학생에 관한 지식을 중심으로 나타났다. 그러나 과학교육과정과 내용에 관한 지식이 다른 PCK 구성 요소와 연계되는 경우는 적었다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로 교육적 시사점에 관하여 논의하였다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.366-376
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• 1993

In this study, a part of high school science instructional materials is evaluated by Instructional Quality Profile(IQP) based on the Merrill's Component Display Theory(CDT). The CDT is based on the Gagne's assumption of different conditions of learning for different outcomes. The IQP enables the user to check both the consistency and adequacy of existing cognitive instruction. The IQP can be used to predict student performance, and also to design and develop new instructional materials. The instructional components are classified according to 5 task levels; An Use-Generalities on Newly Encountered Examples(UGeg), A Remember-Paraphrased-Generalities(RpG), A Remember-Verbatim-Generalities(RvG), A Remember-Paraphrased-Examples (Rpeg). A Remember-Verbatim-Examples (Rveg). The analyses are composed of 3 parts; Justifying the task level of objectives, Objective-test consistency, and Test-presentation consistency. The objectives, the presentations and the tests given in a teacher's guide and a textbook are analyzed. The results show that the task levels and the content levels of the objectives are not consistent with those of the tests. And the indices of the test-presentation consistency indicate the presentation problems of the instructional materials.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.121-133
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• 1996

This study investigates the effect of instructional program using Nott & Wellington's" your nature of science profile" to facilitate the understanding about the nature of science for elementary preservice teachers. To do this. this study used posttest only control group design. The students in control group studied the topic by instructional program using textbook and reference book. Experimental group studied by instructional program: (1)evaluating personally one's understanding of the nature of science using Nott and Wellington's "your nature of science profile"; (2)studying the way of understanding the nature of science focusing five dimensions presented in it; (3)knowing other's understanding the nature of science; (4)discussing and evaluating reflectively the various aspect about it. Because the true understanding about the nature of science is not only to know about the method of science but also to know the target of science. We planned to evaluate the effect of instruction by such dichotomous way as evaluating simultaneously the understanding about the method of science and the target of science. Therefore the Questionnaire to evaluate the effect of instruction consisted two pairs of open-ended Questions: first pair is consisted of questions for the representation and judgement of scientific theory, second pair is consisted of questions for components and sources of scientific manipulation of the structure of science. The results of questionnaires by experimental group(n=75) and control group(n=77) are as follows: (1) Analysing responses about first pair of questions in dichotomous way, we identified four different patterns in students' understanding about scientific theory. And the instructional program using Nott & Wellington's "your nature of science profile" is not significantly effective in the distribution of patterns of understanding about scientific theory, but effective in driving out scientifically valid understanding, naturalistic realism, about scientific theory from the students having realistic aspect in representation of scientific theory; (2) Analysing responses about second pair of questions in dichotomous way, we identified five different patterns in students's understanding about structure of science. And the instructional program using Nott & Wellington's "your nature of science profile" is significantly effective in the distribution of patterns of understanding about structure of science, and effective in driving out scientifically valid understanding, dualistic-circular view or dualistic-circular view, about structure of science from the students having dualistic or dualistic aspect in components of structure of science.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.25-39
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• 2012

스마트교육은 기존에 분리되어 있던 교육 요소들을 스마트인프라 기반으로 상호연결하여 교육적 가치를 만들어내는 것을 의미한다. 본 연구에서는 스마트교육의 정의와 성격, 스마트 학교들의 환경을 고려하여 스마트 학습활동 개발 프레임워크를 제안하고 관련하여 개발된 수업모형에 대해 살펴본다. 이 프레임워크는 스마트 학습활동을 중심으로 한 수업을 설계할 때 학습활동의 최소단위를 하나의 블록으로 표현하며, 스마트 학습활동 아이디어를 학습활동, 동기, 정보활동, 도구 및 환경 요소의 선택 과정을 통해 구성한다. 이 프레임워크를 적용하여 고안된 수업모형으로, 스마트교실 환경에서 공유와 검토 및 보완과정을 활성화시킨 생각나눔 수업모형을 소개하며, 교실에서 적용과 관련해서 논의한다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.12-28
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to develop storytelling Instructional model for promote problem-solving in a Blended learning Environment. To achieve the purpose, the study was performed by dividing into two stages. First, the draft of storytelling Instructional model was proposed by performing a literature survey and a case study. Second, the draft model was applied to the actual work. And the draft was modified and developed to the final model on the basis of the draft model's strength and implemented to 28 students who were the sophomore of child care education department and enrolled the profession class of at S University for 6 weeks. From the implementation result of the model, it was obtained that there was the positive reaction on applying storytelling technique to the beginning stage of learning. Instructional model storytelling consists phases Preparing to perform Storytelling, Building the team and role sharing team, Problem providing, Planning for problem solving, Brend Story structuralization, Cooperative Learning and Problem solving, announcement of the results and evaluating and reflection of general. And then learning supporting components for a facilitator and a learner were prepared for each process. Established in a Blended learning Environment was created based on all-line, how to teach and learning supporting organization. Final Model was suggested as a blueprint for stages actual learning which was consisted of a introductory storytelling part, an main storytelling part and a post storytelling part.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.769-781
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• 2016

이 연구에서는 중등 예비 화학교사가 지필평가 문항을 개별 및 소집단별로 제작하는 과정에서 고려된 교과교육학 지식(PCK) 구성 요소 사이의 상호작용을 분석하였다. 예비교사 8명의 개별 지필평가 문항 제작 활동에 대한 발성사고 과정을 분석한 결과, PCK 구성 요소 중에서는 과학 평가에 관한 지식 측면이 가장 많이 고려되었으며, 과학 교육과정에 관한 지식과 과학 내용에 관한 지식, 학생에 관한 지식 측면도 비교적 많이 고려되었다. 그러나 과학 교수 전략에 관한 지식 측면은 거의 고려되지 않았다. PCK 구성 요소 중 2가지 측면 또는 3가지 측면의 통합이 다양한 유형으로 자주 나타났으나, 4가지 이상의 측면이 통합된 경우는 없었다. 한편 각 4명의 예비교사로 구성된 2개 소집단의 지필평가 문항 제작 과정을 분석한 결과, 고려된 PCK 구성 요소의 경우 개별 지필평가 문항 제작 과정과 비교하여 전반적인 양상은 유사하였다. 그러나 과학 교육과정에 관한 지식 측면은 약간 적게 고려되었고, 나머지 4가지 측면에서는 비교적 높은 빈도로 고려된 하위 항목의 개수가 증가하였다. PCK 구성 요소 사이의 통합 수준에서는 2가지 측면의 통합의 발생 비율은 감소하고 3가지 측면의 통합의 발생 비율이 증가하였으며, 특히 4가지 및 5가지 측면의 통합이 새롭게 나타났다. 그러나 과학 교육과정에 관한 지식을 포함한 통합은 감소하였고, 과학 교수 전략에 관한 지식 측면을 포함한 통합은 여전히 거의 나타나지 않았다.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.99-112
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• 2005

문제중심학습은 실세계 환경과 공학적 환경에서 탐구하고 문제 해결하는 실천적 학습에 중점을 두며, 크게 교육과정 조직자와 수업전략의 두 가지 전략을 포함한다. 이 연구에서 구안한 PBL 전략은 크게 교육과정 조직자로서의 문제설계 단계와 수업전략으로서의 문제 적용 단계로 구분된다. 특히 문제 적용 단계는 문제해결 학습에 기초하며, 그 절차는 즉 '문제의 확인', '문제의 구체화', '해결방안의 탐색과 창안', '해결방안의 선정', '해결방안의 구체화', '실행', '평가', '적용과 성찰'의 단계이다. 특히 이 연구에서 계획과정의 상세화는 문제해결 모형이 갖는 장점 중의 하나인 문제해결을 위한 구상, 즉 확산적 사고와 수렴적 사고활동을 유도하기 위한 전략의 방편이 된다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.53-63
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• 2002

This study investigates the impact of Calculator-Based Ranger (CBR) activities in the performance of middle school students' graphing abilities of physical phenomena. Two issues about CBR activities on graphing abilities were addressed in this study; (1) the effect of CBR activities on graphing abilities, and (2) the influence of instructional styles on students' graphing abilities. Following the use of CBR activities, students' graphing abilities were significantly more developed in three components-interpreting, modeling, and transforming. Significant differences were found in students' achievement depending on instructional styles related to differentiation, which is closely connected to transforming distance-time graphs to velocity-time graphs. The findings of this study indicate that CBR activities may enhance students in constructing appropriate webs of related concepts and ability to qualitatively interpret graphs. Using collaborative CBR activities to introduce and explore graphing of physical phenomena is, therefore, recommended for inclusion in the secondary mathematics curriculum.