• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.83-103
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• 2008

In the new web based learning environment which has recently emerged, a variety of new learning objectives and teaching methods suited to this learning environment have been adopted. Recently, web based project-based learning methods have received a great deal of attention from those wishing to improve learning performance. The objective of this study is to identify the impact of characteristics of communication media and instruction behavior on collaborative interaction and project performance through web based group projects. The characteristics of communication media were divided into richness, flexibility, and ease of use, and the characteristics of instruction behavior were divided into support and expression, which are independent variables. Collaborative interaction as a mediate variable, was divided into information sharing and negotiation. Project performance was the dependent variable. To verify the proposed research model empirically, an experiment was conducted in which learners participated in on-line and off-line courses with group projects. The group project was conducted virtual product development(VPD), and designed a web-site about the VPD. At the end of the project, a survey was conducted. Of the 270 students, 239 responded. The students were assigned to groups of 3 or 4 members, and represented different genders and levels of computer competence. The reliability, validity, and correlation of research variables were analyzed using SPSS 14.0, and the measurement model and the structural goodness-of-fit of the research model were verified through SEM analysis using Lisrel 8.54. We found important results as follows; First, richness and ease of use has positive impacts on each of sharing information and negotiation. This suggests that richness and ease of use are useful in sharing information which is related to the task and agreeing in opinions among group members. However, flexibility has not positive impacts on sharing information and negotiation. This implies that there is no great difference in performance of PC and information literacy of user. Second, support and expression of instructor have positive impacts on sharing information and negotiation. This indicates that instructors play an important role in encouraging learners to participate in the project and communicating with them, sharing information related to the project, making a resonable decision and finally leading them to improve a project performance. Third, collaborative interaction has a positive impact on project performance. This result shows that if the ability to share information and negotiate among students was improved then a project performance would be improved as well. Recently, in the state of revitalized web based learning, it is opportune that web-based group project is practically conducted, and the impact of characteristics of communication media and characteristics of instruction behavior on sharing information, negotiating among group members and improving a project performance is verified. On the basis of these results, we propose that forms of learning, such as web based project, could be one of solution which is to enforce interaction among learners, and ultimately improve learning performance. Moreover web-based group project is able to make up for a weakness which makes it difficult to make interpersonal relations or friendship among learners in computer mediated communication or web based learning.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.19-38
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• 2018

Objective: This study explores how pre-service teachers' knowledge changed in the field of movement education and the characteristics of the instruction they perceived during a 15-week course. Methods: The drawing of concept maps and interviews were used to discuss how pre-service teachers' knowledge changed and the characteristics of the course. Results: The results showed that the pre-service teachers interrelated concepts in a more systematic way, and the concepts they used were increased while master concepts were decreased, indicating that their knowledge changed in a far more hierarchical order after the class. Characteristics of the course that led to a change in their knowledge appeared under the proper guidance of a professor. This was well demonstrated by feedback and evaluation at the stage of planning instruction and simulation teaching. Conclusion/Implications: The study demonstrated that the proper guidance of a professor was a useful tool for fostering the professional development of pre-service teachers in regard to constructing knowledge in movement education.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.381-403
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• 1998

As a researcher engaged in the mathematical education, mathematics teachers are interested in instructional methods. While it is unlikely that the viewpoints of individual mathematics teachers are reflected in making decisions on instructional purposes and instructional contents, a good many parts of instructional methods on mathematical facts are decided by individual teachers. This means that the role of mathematics teachers is given much weight in the mathematical education. Therefore, the mathematics teachers must not be excluded in all parts of the study of mathematical education. We studied the instructional methods of function concept, a central topic in school mathematics from the following perspectives. First, we examined the characteristics of the three(correspondence-centered, middle, dependence centered) viewpoints about the essence of function concept. And we should that which of them should be the viewpoint of instruction of function concept in school mathematics. Second, we investigated the questions regarding the process of function instruction in school mathematics and presented alternative instruction methods of function concept to solve the questions. Third, we postulated the importance of polynomial function, relating college mathematics in order to present the reason why the polynomial function is importantly treated in functional instruction of school mathematics.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.310-315
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• 2004

The purposes of this study were to: a) develop the quality assessment tool of Web-based Instruction (WBI) for nutrition education, b) evaluate the operated WBI (NutriZone) by this tool, and c) do the feasibility study about quality assessment tool for WBI by establishing the instruction and operating strategies. The developed quality assessment tool of WBI for nutrition education was divided into three categories of instruction design, contents and support ＆ operation. And a total of forty items were measured by Likert 5 point scale, computed as one point per item, and amounted to forty points in all. As a result of evaluation, NutriZone got 21.79 out of 40 points and fulfillment rate of 54.5%. The IPA (Importance-Performance Analysis) was applied to establish the instruction and operating strategies, and nine items characterized as attractiveness, multimedia, and learner-initiative were in 'Doing Great, Keep It Up', and so it was regar-ded as program designed with concern in WBI's characteristics unlike the conventional face-to-face education. But twelve items such as 'Errors on switch to other screens are few.', 'Ready correction leads to be out of systemic error.', 'Highlight marks and moving pictures were used in sign of importance.' and etc. that got high importance and low performance needed to be focused in instructional strategy.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.76-82
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to identify core elements required of instruction consulting and to develop a systematic consulting procedure for successful Flipped Learning. The main contents of this study to achieve its purpose are as follows. First, core elements required of consulting are deduced by analyzing cases of instruction implemented with Flipped Learning. Second, consulting procedure is constructed based on core consulting elements of Flipped Learning. Based on the study results, the 3P process is suggested as the elements and procedure of instruction consulting for Flipped Learning. The 3P process has the following characteristics. The first stage Preparation involves guiding students to have an objective viewpoint about the lesson beginning with building a relationship with the instructor. Also, a lesson plan and source materials for lesson are selected and developed. The second stage Performance involves implementing lesson coaching oriented towards cooperative problem-solving to find better direction. The last stage Post-review involves introspection necessary for continuous quality improvement of lessons. The validity of the instruction consulting elements for Flipped Learning applied to deduce the aforementioned results has been verified after specialist review and field application.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.625-636
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• 2010

Scientifically gifted students' argumentation characteristics in science instruction using the internet messenger was investigated. Participants in this study were five 9th grader in middle school in Seoul. They attended a program offered by the Science-Gifted Education Center, Seoul National University. Internet messenger (instant messenger) was used for instruction, and data were collected by saved messages. Toulmin's argument model was used as a tool for analyzing students' argumentation, and the argumentation patterns were categorized by sequence of argument operations. The results showed that in case of learner-centered instructions, there were lots of relatively higher-level argumentations appeared. On the contrary, teacher-centered instruction ended up with few or lower-level argumentation. Also there were four types of argumentation patterns emerged throughout the whole instructions. Findings suggest that the development of an instruction models and the selection of an appropriate topic be necessary for promoting the interaction between teacher and students as well as enhancing the students' ability of argument.

• School Mathematics
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.423-441
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine the Pedagogical Content Knowledge(PCK) of teachers and their educational practice in the category of plane figure, to make a comparative analysis of their PCK and educational practice, and to discuss the relationship between their PCK and the characteristics of their instruction. Instruction of four selected elementary school teachers was analyzed to find out their educational practice. In conclusion, the characteristics of the PCK and actual instruction of the teachers could be listed as below: First, as a result of comparing their PCK and educational practice on plane figure by applying selected analysis criteria, there was a close correlation between their PCK and actual instruction. Second, the teachers had various levels of PCK on different areas. Especially, there was a large disparity in mathematical content knowledge and knowledge of teaching methods. Third, the teachers who had plenty of PCK were more excellent in textbook reconstructing, and those who fell behind in terms of PCK were more reliant on textbooks as if the textbooks had been the Bible.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.296-304
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• 2011

In this study, elementary school teachers' needs for the teachers' manual for science instruction were investigated. The participants were 143 elementary school teachers. The test for needs analysis consisted of thirty-seven 5-point Likert-scaled items: Seven items for the professional knowledge category, fourteen items for the laboratory category, ten items for the instruction category, and six items for the design category, respectively. Teachers' background variables such as sex, age, teaching career, major, and the frequency of using teachers' manuals for science instruction except for the teachers' manuals for science textbooks were also examined. The results indicated that elementary school teachers' needs were generally found to be high, which means they are not satisfied with the current teachers' manuals for science textbooks and/or other teachers' manuals for science instructions. In addition, teachers' needs for the laboratory category tended to be higher than those for the other categories. In several items, elementary school teachers' needs were also found to be different in terms of their characteristics.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.243-260
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• 2009

Many students have difficulty studying mathematics because of its unique characteristics and the numbers of underachievers in mathematics are increasing, not decreasing, even though great teaching-learning methods have been provided. The purpose of this research is to examine if instruction using mind-map in mathematical studies has positive effects on achievement and attitudes of underachievers in mathematics. For this, mathematics learning ability test before instruction, survey of attitudes toward mathematics before and after instruction and mathematics learning ability test before and after instruction were performed for 32 underachievers in two classes of first grade in C high school in South Chung cheong Province. The positive effects of instruction using mind-map in mathematical studies on academic achievements and attitudes of underachievers were expected, but results indicate that there is no significant effect. However, results indicate that the use of mind-map in mathematics instruction has positive effects partially on the changes of learning attitudes. Therefore, the characteristics of underachievers in mathematics should be understood first, mind-map according to them should be applied and students should have time to properly perceive and draw mind-map skillfully. In teachers' professional knowledge of mind-map and consideration for students, when follow-up researches and systematic instruction proceed together for a long period time, the desired results can be realized.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.1-15
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• 2007

The Environmental problem solving model is an instructional strategy to accomplish the aim of environmental education through investigation of environmental problems and issues of the community. This study is intended to compare the instructional effect of the structured model with the unstructured model of environmental problem solving. The experimental group received the structured instruction and the control group received the unstructured instruction. There did not appear to be any significant difference between the groups in regard to knowledge but in regard to knowledge of environmental issues, the experimental group was more effective than the control group. No significant differences existed between the groups in attitude. In regard to investigating skill and evaluation of environmental issues, the experimental group was significantly more effective than the control group. The experimental group was significantly more effective than the control group in regard to environmental action skills. To foster responsible environmental behavior, environmental education a number of methodologies must be considered and learners must be trained to become problem-solving citizens. It was noted that the structured instruction was more effective than the unstructured instruction in middle school where environmental issues were not taught as an independent subject. We conclude that environmental education must be systematically constructed and taught in a manner which takes into account both its goals and the characteristics of the various learners. We conclude that environmental education must be systematically constructed and taught in a manner which takes into account both its internal goals and the situations within which various types of learners explore environmental issues and solutions.