• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.133-150
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• 2015

Wind profiler provides vertical profiles of three-dimensional wind vectors with high spatiotemporal resolution. The wind vectors is useful to analyze severe weather phenomena and to validate the various products from numerical weather prediction model. However, the wind measurements are not immune to ground clutter, bird, insect, and aircraft. Therefore, quality of wind vectors from wind profiler must be quantitatively evaluated prior to its application. In this study, wind vectors from UHF wind profiler at Ganwon Regional Meteorological Administration was quantitatively evaluated using 27 radiosonde measurements that were launched every two or three hours according to rainfall intensity during Intensive Observation Period (IOP) from June to July 2013. In comparison between two measurements, wind vectors from wind profiler was relatively underestimated. In addition, the accuracy and quality of wind vectors from wind profiler decrease with increasing beam height. The accuracy and quality of the wind vectors for rainy periods during IOP were higher than for the clear-air measurements. The moderate rainfall intensity lead to multi-peaks in Doppler spectrum. It results in overestimation of vertical air motion, whereas wind vectors from wind profilers shows good agreement with those from radiosonde measurements for light rainfall intensity.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2009

The goal of this study was to create a novel baculovirus expression system that does not require recombinant virus purification steps. Transfection of insect cells with transfer vectors containing barnase under control of the Cotesia plutellae bracovirus (CpBV) promoters ORF3004 or ORF3005 reduced cell growth. Co-transfection with bApGOZA DNA yielded no recombinant viruses and nonrecombinant backgrounds. To further investigate the detrimental effects of barnase on insect cells, two recombinant bacmids harboring the barnase gene under control of the CpBV promoters, namely bAcFast-3004ProBarnase and bAcFast-3005ProBarnase, were constructed. While no viral replication was observed when only the recombinant bacmids were transfected, recombinant viruses were generated when the bacmids were co-transfected with the transfer vector, pAcUWPolh, through substitution of the barnase gene with the native polyhedrin gene by homologous recombination. Moreover, no non-recombinant backgrounds were detected from unpurified recombinant stocks using PCR analysis. These results indicate that CpBV promoters can be used to improve baculovirus expression vectors by means of lethal gene expression under the control of these promoters.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.83-91
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 소나무재선충을 매개하는 매개충 솔수염하늘소와 북방수염하늘소에 대하여 무인항공기(무인헬리콥터)를 이용하여 유인항공용 방제 약제의 약효 및 약해를 조사하였다. 약효는 소나무와 잣나무의 수간을 3등분한 곳에 대상 곤충을 케이지에 넣어 매달아 두어 살충효과를 조사하였다. 시험약제로는 티아클로프리드 액상수화제, 아세타미프리드 미탁제, 플루피라디퓨론 액제를 각각 33배로 희석하여 살포하였고, 감수지를 이용하여 살포 약제의 낙하입자를 측정하고 피복도를 조사하였다. 약제 살포에 의한 주변 비산거리 및 비산량을 조사하였다. 세 약제 모두 솔수염하늘소, 북방수염하늘소에 대하여 96%이상의 우수한 살충 효과를 보였다. 낙하입자 분석 결과 낙하입자는 균일한 양상을 보였다. 주변 비산 현상 분석 결과, 약제 살포시 무인헬리콥터 진행방향으로 20 m의 비산을 보였고, 좌우, 후방으로 10 m의 비산이 확인되었다. 낙하입자수에 의한 비산량 조사 결과, 모든 방향에서 5 m내에서 낙하입자지수 6-7이였고, 10 m지점에서는 낙하입자지수 2를 기록하였다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제102권2호
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• pp.300-304
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• 2013

소나무재선충(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus)에 의해서 발생되는 소나무재선충병(Pine wilt disease)은 우리나라 소나무림에 피해를 주고 있다. 소나무재선충은 매개충인 솔수염하늘소(Monochamus alternatus Hope) 성충이 건전한 소나무의 신초를 갉아먹는 후식과 산란을 통해서 옮겨진다. 현재까지의 소나무재선충병 방제에는 metam-sodium SL(25%)약제를 사용하여 고사한 소나무를 훈증하는 것이 주된 방법이었으나 농약에 의한 환경오염이나 훈증을 위해 피복하는 비닐로 인해 산림경관을 해치는 문제가 발생하였다. 따라서 휴대용 수피제거기(Portable Bark Remover)는 산림 사업용 엔진톱 끝부분에 장착되어, 소나무재선충병 감염 고사목 방제 현장에서 간단하고 빠르게 수피를 제거 함으로써 매개충의 산란과 부화 등의 서식처 제공이 차단되어 결국 온전한 생활사를 완성 할 수 없어 죽게 되도록 친환경적으로 개발되었다. 또한 소나무재선충병 매개충 방제를 위한 휴대용 수피제거기의 활용은 파쇄, 소각, 훈증 등의 기존의 방제 방법에 비하여 비용의 절감과 높은 방제 효과를 기대 할 수 있다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2008

Introduction of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) into some cells or organisms results in degradation of its homologous mRNA, a process called RNA interference (RNAi). The dsRNAs are processed into short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) that subsequently bind to the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), causing degradation of target mRNAs. Because of this sequence-specific ability to silence target genes, RNAi has been extensively used to study gene functions and has the potential to control disease pathogens or vectors. With this promise of RNAi to control pathogens and vectors, this paper reviews the current status of RNAi in protozoans, animal parasitic helminths and disease-transmitting vectors, such as insects. Many pathogens and vectors cause severe parasitic diseases in tropical regions and it is difficult to control once the host has been invaded. Intracellularly, RNAi can be highly effective in impeding parasitic development and proliferation within the host. To fully realize its potential as a means to control tropical diseases, appropriate delivery methods for RNAi should be developed, and possible off-target effects should be minimized for specific gene suppression. RNAi can also be utilized to reduce vector competence to interfere with disease transmission, as genes critical for pathogenesis of tropical diseases are knockdowned via RNAi.

• 한국산학기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산학기술학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.285-287
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• 2004

$100\%$천연향을 이용하여 제작, 개발된 해충기피제의 기피력을 테스트하였다. 해충기피제를 착용한 그룹과 착용하지 않은 그룹으로 구분하여 실험실에서 사육한 모기와 서해안에 위치한 몽산포 해수욕장, 동해안에 위치한 낙산 및 선악 해수욕장과 천안에 있는 태조산에서 해충에 대한 기피력을 측정하였으며, 각 그룹별로 5명씩 5회에 걸쳐 각 회당 1시간동안에 흡혈개체로부터 물린 갯수를 확인하여 이들의 평균값을 계산하였다. 그 결과, 실험실에서는 $91\%$, 몽산포 해수욕장에서는 $78\%$, 낙산 및 설악 해수욕장에서는 $93\%$, 태조산에서는 $90\%$의 기피력을 보여주었으며, 이는 상당히 탁월한 기피 효과를 나타내었다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.735-740
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• 2004

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a causal agent of the chronic liver infection. To understand HCV morphogenesis, we studied the assembly of HCV structural proteins in insect cells. We constructed recombinant baculovirus expression vectors consisting of either HCV core alone, core-E1, or core-E1-E2. These structural proteins were expressed in insect cells and were examined to assemble into particles. Neither core-E1 nor core-E1-E2 was capable of assembling into virus-like particles (VLPs). It was surprising that the core protein alone was assembled into core-like particles. These particles were released into the culture medium as early as 2 days after infection. In our system, HCV structural proteins including envelope proteins did not assemble into VLPs. Instead, the core protein itself has the intrinsic capacity to assemble into amorphous core-like particles. Furthermore, released core particles were associated with HCV RNA, indicating that core proteins were assembled into nucleocapsids. These results suggest that HCV may utilize a unique core release mechanism to evade the hosts defense mechanism, thus contributing to the persistence of HCV infection.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.155-160
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• 2001

We have generated a novel baculovirus genome which can be maintained in Escherichia coli that facilitates the rapid and efficient generation of recombinant baculovirus expression vectors. To make $Occ^{+}$ recombinant expression vectors, polyhedrin gene under the control of p10 promoter was inserted to bAcGOZA and this genome was designated bApGOZA. As in bAcGOZA, bApGOZA lacks a portion of the essential ORF1629 gene, but includes a mini-F replicon and selectable kanamycin-resistance marker, This occasion-producing activity of bApGOZA can be used very conveniently for its oral infectivity to insect larvae in mass production of foreign protein and insecticides.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.108-113
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• 1987

효소결합항체법에 의한 벼검은줄오갈병 바이러스의 검정에서, 항원의 희석은 벼잎 $320\~2,450$배, 옥수수잎 $320\~5,120$배, 그리고 매개충인 애멸구는 $160\~2,560$배로 하는 것이 효과적이었다. 이상의 검정기준에 따른 성역별 월동약충(애멸구)의 보독충율 조사에서는 밀양 $3.0\%$, 칠곡 $2.3\%$ 그리고 선산은 $3.7\%$였다. 본 방법에 의하면 유묘접종법으로는 불가능한 채집과정에서 죽은 충에서도 바이러스 감염여부를 결정할 수 있었다. 포장에서 임의로 채집한 벼와 옥수수 각 100주씩을 공시하여 그중 외부병징이 없는 98주와 92주를 검정한 결과, 벼에서는 98주중 4주가 이병주로 나타났으며, 옥수수에서는 92주중 3주가 본 방법에 의해 감염된 것으로 나타나 포장에서의 잠복감염율은 벼에서는 $4.11\%$, 옥수수에서는 $3.25\%$로 나타났다. 따라서 효소결합항체법을 사용하면 병징이 잘 나타나지 않는 감염초기에도 검정이 가능하였다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제55권11호
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• pp.571-576
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• 2022

Advancements in the field of proteomics have provided opportunities to develop diagnostic and therapeutic strategies against various diseases. About half of the world's population remains at risk of malaria. Caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium, malaria is one of the oldest and largest risk factors responsible for the global burden of infectious diseases with an estimated 3.2 billion persons at risk of infection. For epidemiological surveillance and appropriate treatment of individuals infected with Plasmodium spp., timely detection is critical. In this study, we used combinations of depletion of abundant plasma proteins, 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), image analysis, LC-MS/MS and western blot analysis on the plasma of healthy donors (100 individuals) and vivax and falciparum malaria patients (100 vivax malaria patients and 8 falciparum malaria patients). These analyses revealed that α1-antichymotrypsin (AACT) protein levels were elevated in vivax malaria patient plasma samples (mean fold-change ± standard error: 2.83 ± 0.11, based on band intensities), but not in plasma from patients with other mosquito-borne infectious diseases. The results of AACT immunoblot analyses showed that AACT protein was significantly elevated in vivax and falciparum malaria patient plasma samples (≥ 2-fold) compared to healthy control donor plasma samples, which has not been previously reported.