• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.117-127
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• 2020

2018년 6월 1일부터 9월 17일까지 109일 동안, 총 112개 국외 발 국내 입항 선박을 대상으로 편승자 해충(hitchhiker insect pests)에 대한 모니터링을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 총 336개체의 편승자 해충을 확보하였으며, 이를 통합 분류학적 종동정 방법(integrative identification method)을 이용하여 9목 47과 159종으로 동정하였다. 이 중 총 3목 9과 14종의 한국 미분포종(not-distributed species)이 확인되어 보고하며, 검출된 미분포종에 대해서 침입종(invasive species) 내지 침입 가능종(invasive likelihood species)에 대한 위험성 평가를 위한 data sheet를 제공하였다. 또한, 미기록(unrecorded species), 미보고종(unreported species) 내지 신기록종(new recorded species)과 용어의 혼동을 피하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 미분포종(not-distributed species)을 제안하여 사용하였다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.269-276
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• 2021

2018년 7월 13일부터 2019년 10월 29일까지 1년 3개월 동안, 총 306개 국외 발 국내 입항 선박을 대상으로 한국 미분포 편승자 해충(not-distributed hitchhiker insect pests in Korea)에 대한 모니터링을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 총 805개체의 편승자 해충을 확보하였으며, 이를 통합 분류학적 종동정 방법(integrative identification method)을 이용하여 총 12목 78과 379종으로 동정하였다. 이 중 7목 21과 42종 67개체의 한국 미분포종이 확인되었는데, 10종이 다중검출된 것으로 나타났으며, 그 중 7종은 2018년도에 이어 2019년도에도 검출된 것으로 확인되었다. 또한, 농림축산검역본부에 관리해충으로 등재되어 있는 Erthesina fullo (Pentatomidae, Hemiptera)와 Tessaratoma papilosa (Tessaratomidae, Hemiptera)가 검출되었다. 이에 따라, 검출된 미분포종의 사전 조사 및 모니터링 방안 마련뿐만 아니라 침입종(invasive species) 내지 침입 가능종(invasive likelihood species)에 대한 위험성 평가를 위한 data sheet를 제공하였다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.273-286
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• 2008

해충방제를 위하여 천적을 사용하는 친환경농가에서 발생하는 해충을 친환경적인 종합적방제방법을 수행하기 위한 로드맵을 작성하였다. 먼저 친환경적인 방법으로 딸기를 생산하는 농가에 딸기 어린묘를 공급하는 육모장에서 발생하는 주요 해충으로는 점박이응애(Tetranychus urticae)와 목화진딧물(Aphis gossypii)이였다. 딸기를 생산하는 본 포장에서 발생하는 주요 해충들 역시 점박이응애와 목화진딧물이 가장 많이 발생하였다. 점박이응애의 생물적방제를 위하여 칠레이리응애(Phytoseiulus persimilis)를 방사하였고, 목화진딧물의 방제를 위하여는 콜레마니진디벌(Aphidius colemani)을 방사하였다. 그러나 천적의 방사로 점박이응애와 목화진딧물의 개체군을 억제할 수 없어, 살충제를 살포하여 해충 개체군 밀도를 낮춘 다음에 천적들을 다시 방사하는 전략을 구사하였다. 수확기인 동절기에 천적만을 가지고 해충을 방제하지 못하는 이유로는 밤낮의 일교차가 심하여 해충과 천적의 활동에 많은 영향을 주고 있기 때문이며, 이러한 환경은 해충보다는 천적에 더 많이 영향을 주는 것으로 보인다. 따라서 효율적인 친환경 종합방제로는 육묘장에서 해충의 유입을 차단하고, 본포에 정식 후에는 천적을 방사하여 해충 발생 초기부터 해충을 제어해야 되며, 천적의 활동이 둔해지는 혹한기에는 천적에 독성이 적은 선택성 살비제와 살충제 등을 사용하여 해충 개체군을 억제할 필요가 있다. 그 후에는 다시 천적을 방사하여 해충 개체군을 조절하는 방법을 택하여야 한다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2004

Pest monitoring through field surveys and surveillance helps in forecasting the population build up of pest. It reduces the load of pesticides application and forms the basis of Integrated Pest Management in sericulture. Common sampling techniques for quantifying pest populations and damage caused by them are reviewed emphasizing the need for quick and simple sampling methods. Various direct and indirect sampling methods for establishing pest populations are discussed and methods have been discussed to use indirect sampling method under IPM programme in sericulture. The use of pheromone lures and traps forms one of the important ingredients of integrated pest management, which calls for integration of all available methods in a cost effective and environmental friendly manner offering consistent efficacy. Silk-worms feed on the variety of silk host plants and spin cocoons. Each silk host plant is attacked in the field by number of insect pest species. Several pests are common to mulberry, tasar, oak tasar, muga and eri host plant but pest status and seasonal abundance differs from each crop. The key pests are serious perennially occurring persistent species which cause considerable yield loss every year on large areas and require control measure. Regular occurrence of minor pest is noticed but sudden increase in its population is not known. The occasional pests are sporadic but potential causing sufficient damage. Silk losses due to attack of all the pests have not been calculated. However, information on pest biology and ecology, and control practices being practiced is available but the period of outbreak of major pests and predators on silkworms and its host plant needs to be reinvestigated. Pest and predators forecasting based on surveillance information may provide an opportunity to minimize the losses, particularly to reduce expenditure involved in pest management.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.141-151
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• 2002

The success of sericulture industry in India is mainly attributed to the well-planned annual sericultural activity and the systematic implementation of pest preventive and control measures. The insect spectrum of silkworm and its food plants is complex and plays a major role in limiting the production of silk. Insects cause extensive damage to plant whereas predators and parasites either kill the silkworm larvae or force them to spin flimsy cocoons. Unilateral control measure against this pest is mainly based on the use of synthetic organic insecticides. Though these approaches initially paid rich dividends, the undesirable consequences soon surfaced. Insecticide induced resurgence of gall midges, leafhopper, leaf roller, secondary pest out breaks and development of pest biotypes has led to realization of Integrated Pest Management in sericulture. Various components of IPM, viz. Host plant resistance, cultural practices, biological control, chemical control and integrating them at various technological levels have been studied. Sources of host plant resistance have been identified for some of the major insect pests. High yielding mulberry variety has been propagated and their resistances towards major pests have been recorded. Cultural practices like pruning, pollarding, judicious use of nitrogen, optimum spacing and weed management have preyed to be the powerful tools in containing pests. Natural control over the pest population build- up exerted by the wide range of parasitoids, predators and pathogens has been well documented with identification of natural enemies and studies on their potential. Augmentation, through inoculation or inundative releases of parasitic arthropods, is the most direct way of increasing the numbers of these beneficials in sericulture.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.235-239
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• 2003

The silkworm Bombyx mori L. was studied as the potential “host” of popular in Uzbekistan biocontrol ectoparasite, entomophagous Bracon hebetor Say. Being one of representatives of economic-beneficial insects, the silkworm (larvae, pupae and imago) can be used as highly sensitive test organism for revealing of neuro toxic effects of insects venom as well as of their purified components in screening assays. In comparative aspect, except a mulberry silkworm, representatives of Uzbekistan pests cotton-boll worm Helycoverpa armigera Hbn., lesser mulberry pyralid Glyphodes pyloalis Wlk., codling moth Corpocapsa pomonella L., malaria mosquito Anopheles claviger and Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say have been subjected to insect toxic test of bracon venom gland extract (VGE) and its fractions which were obtained by gel-chromatography on Sephadex G-100. The paralyzing effect of the VGE and its fractions was shown in a various degree on the pests.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.74-83
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• 1983

Yield losses due to diseases and insect pests were mentioned and emphasized the efficiency of resistant cultivars in curving the yield losses and increasing chemical efficiency. Present status of resistance breeding for blast, bacterial leaf blight viruses, brown planthopper and white backed planthopper were introduced and the resistance sources for those are discussed. Breeding strategies for above items were presented. Specially for the blast resistance, discussions were made in some detail. With brief future prospects of resistance breeding in Korea, a suggestion was made for pathologists to make clear about whether the blast spores will be brought from mainland China as we see with Bph and Wbph or not.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.67-73
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• 1983

Despite the great importance of chemical insecticides, with the ever increasing resistance of pest insects to chemical insecticides and the growing concern over environmental pollution, it becomes evident that the problem of pest attack on crops cannot be solved by anyone system. Under these circumstances, main pathogens of insects, i.e., viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoa, have been studied to control many insect pests. Some of these pathogens are now being produced as microbial insecticides at the rate of hundreds of tons per year in the world. Some microbial insecticides are very effective against numerous or target insects under suitable environmental condition, and microbial control has been played an important role in integrated control program. They have many unique properties such as selectivity, multiplication and harmless to higher animals. However, we must be aware also that there are many problems to be solved, such as safety, persistence and difficulty of efficacy, etc_ on the microbial insecticides.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.207-210
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• 2004

Three chalcones and a stilbenoid have been isolated from the stem bark of Lindera erythrocarpa. They were elucidated as 2'-hydroxy-3',4',5',6'- tetramethoxychalcone, 2',4'-dihydroxy-3',6'-dimethoxy chalcone, 2',4',5',6'- tetrahydroxy-3'-methoxychalcone, and 5,6-dihydroxy-2,3,4-trimethoxystilbene. Chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of MS, $^1H,\;^{13}C$ and 2D-NMR spectroscopic data. This is the first report on the isolation of these compounds from the L. erythrocarpa.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.116-122
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• 2013

To evaluate the mechanisms of pathogenicity and nonpathogenicity of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and B. mucronatus isolated in South Korea, we used 4-year-old P. thunbergii seedlings and 20-cm long one-year-old stem cuttings of 5-year-old Pinus thunbergii, and studied distributions and multiplications of pine wood nematodes after inoculation. The distributions of B. xylophilus in the 20-cm pine stem cuttings were not significantly different from that of B. mucronatus. Conversely, the proliferation rate of B. xylophilus on mycelial mats of Botrytis cinerea was significantly different from that of B. mucronatus. The study using 4-year-old P. thunbergii seedlings also showed that B. mucronatus can migrate to distal portions of the pine seedlings the same as B. xylophilus, but the populations of B. xylophilus remaining in the pine seedlings were relatively larger than those of B. mucronatus. Therefore, we concluded that the pathogenicity of B. xylophilus could be strongly influenced by its ability to multiply.