• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.55-65
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• 2014

Purpose - This study aims to investigate the process of political changes in Japan, which has introduced regulatory policies for large-scale retail stores since the 1930s, as well as the examples, and suggests improvement schemes for our policies in Korea, which imposes restrictions on business hours and forced holidays in accordance with the current Distribution Industry Development Act. Research design, data, and methodology - After examining the political change processes related to large-scale retail stores in japan, this study analyzes individually regulated cases based on the ordinances enacted by each local government. Through case analysis in Japan, this study makes political suggestions that may be helpful for our country substantially. Results - Since there is an obvious possibility that our economic restrictions on business hours and mandatory holidays do not coincide with WTO GATS, it is necessary for large-scale distributors to introduce new social and environmental regulations similar to Japan, rather than imposing controls to restrict free competition and also introduce a policy to induce cooperation with small businesses for the advancement of the distribution industry. Thus, it is desirable to take measures on noise, waste, traffic, and parking for the preservation of the living environment in the surroundings when building new large-scale retail stores. It is also important to establish measures to improve the welfare of neighborhood residents and consumers, create a pleasant urban environment, and make it mandatory to make presentations at public hearings among residents. Furthermore, it should be mandatory to establish regional contribution plans when a retail store is established, and take measures to solve various civil complaints or problems that may occur after entering the market. Moreover, it is desirable for large-scale retail stores that entered the market to induce cooperation in performing various activities in the area with a strong sense that they are all members of the local economy. Conclusions - If introducing social regulations like in Japan, there is probably an advantage that the conflicts seen when large-scale retail stores enter the market are absorbed by adjusting the persons concerned within the established institution in order to establish a field to solve such conflicts systematically. In contrast, there are still concerns regarding chaotic operation without any active attempts to have a conversation with large-scale retail stores and local small merchants due to a sharp conflict among the persons concerned, and if it is a briefing session without any decision of the restrictions on their opening itself, there may be doubts with regard to their effectiveness. Moreover, if the de facto opening is restricted by the introduction of such a briefing session procedure, the choice of whether to protect the existing rights of large-scale retail stores might become problematic. However, such problems could be minimized in a way by forming a separate consultative group for all persons concerned including residents, local governments, professionals, civic organizations, small merchants, and massive retail store-related persons.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.221-232
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• 2014

Many preliminary entrepreneurs are ready to start a business in every year. However, starting and preparing business have a lot of difficulties. Entrepreneurship is the most important factor for overcoming these difficulties. But, it is not easy to understand entrepreneurship to founders despite many research scholars. In this paper, we are focused on easy understanding of entrepreneurs. Instead of vague theories, we analyzed selected two companies in Korea. From the beginning until now, these companies have founders entrepreneurship and organization entrepreneurship. we studied these entrepreneurship factors with other Various causes. Analysis of two cases is summarized into three type. First, both companies had well-founded internal network system. Trained employees in internal network were flexible to meet the market conditions. Also, network effect made that employees can offer their idea and make discussions. Second, The company quickly recognized for organizational culture despite of most other companies recent awareness. This factor was the basic driving force for solving human resource management problem of small size companies. final factor is innovation capacity of these companies. Financial difficulties experienced of establishment is common to every company. However, two companies has continued to invest research and development despite of this financial problem. As a result, intellectual property management was accepted, as well as technology development. Clearly, these three factors are consistently applied since established and led to the company's continued growth and success.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1221-1233
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• 2016

Purpose: To investigate any potential association between wine and breast cancer risk. Materials and Methods: We quantitatively assessed associations by conducting a meta-analysis based on evidence from observational studies. In May 2014, we performed electronic searches in PubMed, EmBase and the Cochrane Library to identify studies examining the effect of wine drinking on breast cancer incidence. The relative risk (RR) or odds ratio (OR) were used to measure any such association. Results: The analysis was further stratified by confounding factors that could influence the results. A total of twenty-six studies (eight case-control and eighteen cohort studies) involving 21,149 cases were included in our meta-analysis. Our study demonstrated that wine drinking was associated with breast cancer risk. A 36% increase in breast cancer risk was observed across overall studies based on the highest versus lowest model, with a combined RR of 1.0059 (95%CI 0.97-1.05) in dose-response analysis. However, 5 g/d ethanol from wine seemed to have protective value from our non-linear model. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that wine drinking is associated with breast cancer risk in a dose-dependent manner. High consumption of wine contributes to breast cancer risk with protection exerted by low doses. Further investigations are needed for clarification.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2009

This study is aimed at analyzing vocational high school teachers' recognition of school consulting and educational demand for securing professionalism from school consultant training, to offer basic information for training school consultant. The survey was intended for vocational high school teachers who participated in the vocational high school teacher training course. The result of this study is as follows. First, vocational high school teachers have sympathy with the necessity of school consulting for 'change and survival' of vocational high school in the future, and recognize that successful school consulting will be possible when, in the first place, teachers and principal/deputy principal who are able to show leadership change for their recognition. Second, as the result of analyzing educational demand for school consultant training, demand for consulting business and case and experience area, like 'School consulting method and procedure', 'Sympathy creation technique', 'Case of innovation through consulting', was higher than for consulting theory. Third, as the result of surveying difference of importance recognition of school consultant training contents, according to experience of joining school consulting, 'Environmental change and necessity of consulting', 'Consulting status of domestic corporation and vocational high school', 'Consulting method and procedure', 'School status analysis technique' showed significant difference, and teachers who have experience showed higher average of importance than those who don't have experience. In conclusion, rather than consulting theory, education for consulting business and experience area and various cases-centered school consultant training program according to experience of joining school consulting should be developed.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.89-98
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• 2017

The dynamic entrepreneurial activities of small businesses or individual entrepreneurs seeking to enter the global market based on innovative ideas and challenging spirit in the modern society, which is trending in entrepreneurial capitalism according to the times, Leading to new growth engines. In order to promote the establishment of universities in Korea, the government has been working on 'Five-Year Plan for University Entrepreneurship Education(2013-2017)', 'Efficiency of Government Start-up Support in 2015', and 'Five-Year Basic Plan for Activation of Industry-University Cooperation(2016-2020)'. However, there are still practical limitations in spite of the efforts made by universities and research institutes to revitalize start-ups. As a way to overcome these limitations, this study aims to systematize the entrepreneurship education of the university, and examines the role of changing universities and theory of clusters and the entrepreneurship education. In addition, we will look at the factors of creative university culture centering on the representative cases of the Innovation University in US, and present a conceptual framework for cluster-based entrepreneurship education for the purpose of 'successful entrepreneurship' which is different from 'start-up success'. The conceptual framework of cluster-based entrepreneurship education is based on the establishment of 'Integrated Entrepreneurship Education Platform' to revitalize start-ups centered on university technology. At the same time, this framework focuses on the three factors of talent, technology, and culture based on the relevant theories and examples, and emphasizes the clustering of entrepreneurial resources, entrepreneurial policies and leadership that should be involved in entrepreneurship education.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.75-97
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• 2015

Recently public institutions' debt is growing therefore it became an important issue to the level that the government concerns about the possibility of financial burden to reduce the debt. Especially debt of public enterprises in metropolitan areas was in a serious state where debt in late 2013 was 43.2 trillion, which takes approx. 58.4% of 73.9 trillion of debt of all local public enterprises. Sound financial state of local public enterprises is important to public enterprises in metropolitan areas and it may affect seriously financial stability of local governments when public enterprises have financial problems. However, land supply business to form local industrial complexes or local demand for development of public rental housing business always exist; and vitalizing local economy and creating jobs through these businesses are very necessary to develop the areas. However, for local economic development, industirial land business and public rental housing business are needed. In this study, Gwangju Metropolitan City Corporation Ltd is used as a case study to evaluate the local public financial soundness via debt management assessment i.e.(using) the feasibility analysis in the urban development and housing development. As an improvement measure following the result of analysis, for the enhancement of financial soundness of urban innovation corporation, the government and local government shall evaluate and differentiate market demand, price competitiveness, and infrastructure of new town land development project to improve accuracy of project feasibility analysis. Another important insight is that there should be local government-centered management of liabilities of the local government and local public enterprises with the integrated liability management system to reduce the liability of the corporation and solve the issue of debts for local government. This study is significant in that it has analyzed cases from the theoretical aspect to secure financial soundness of national and local public enterprises.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.61-72
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• 2019

Design is a knowledge service industry that is undervalued in Korea despite its large impact on the development of high - tech industries such as national industrial policy and the fourth industrial revolution. In the design industry, the strategic outsourcing system collapses. This phenomenon is not confined to the domestic market, and the design service companies of design-developed countries such as Europe and the US are also struggling with the classic. Accordingly, some implications were found through the case study of domestic design projects, including overseas, that private companies are more concerned with design cost reduction and cost structure to secure liquidity rather than improving design quality level and pursuing innovation through design outsourcing. It is big. As design is a core competency of a company, internalizing core design tasks, and as products and services become platforms, regional design countermeasures have been reduced, which has led to a decline in the cost standard for large companies' design service outsourcing. In design service industry, design outsourcing is performed at the request of the client, and the service value of the outsourcing is received. In the early 2000s, the importance of design management led global consulting companies to pursue M & A rather than cooperate with design service companies, and Samsung Electronics and other large corporations acquired a large number of excellent design personnel and developed their own design management research institute. This study investigated the design service outsourcing cases of public and private companies (large corporations, midsize companies) widely in relation to the design service price criterion, and grasped the indicators of the actual size and level of the design industry. I will make suggestions about the value and direction of the global design industry through interviews with experts and literature on the changes and influences of these cost criteria.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.119-126
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to take a look at the cases on managing the senior human resources of business enterprises following the significant number of retirement of baby-boom generation and obligatory retirement age of 60 years of age and present the implication points in policies. With respect to the implication of the company, it would urgently require the introduction of programs with long-term point of view for career management strategy from the time of employment to the resignation, settlement of company leave system called chulhyang, expansion of wage peak system, full-time job transfer support center within the enterprise for retirement management, expansion of various consulting, conversion of paradigm on senior human resource management of top management in the enterprise level. In the government level, it is considered as required for systematic supplementation of the chulhyang system, improvement of support system for employment encouragement fund, expansion of national work capability standard-based senior employment field as well as task development, support for innovation of personnel management system, supply of management manual and implementation of job transfer education for life-time conversion period in the government level.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.60 no.5
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• pp.597-603
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• 2017

Objective : Several surgical methods have been reported for treatment of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) in the thoracic spine. Despite rapid innovation of instruments and techniques for spinal surgery, the postoperative outcomes are not always favorable. This article reports a minimally invasive anterior decompression technique without instrumented fusion, which was modified from the conventional procedure. The authors present 2 cases of huge beak-type OPLL. Patients underwent minimally invasive anterior decompression without fusion. This method created a space on the ventral side of the OPLL without violating global thoracic spinal stability. Via this space, the OPLL and anterior lateral side of the dural sac can be seen and manipulated directly. Then, total removal of the OPLL was accomplished. No orthosis was needed. In this article, we share our key technique and concepts for treatment of huge thoracic OPLL. Methods : Case 1. 51-year-old female was referred to our hospital with right lower limb radiating pain and paresis. Thoracic OPLL at T6-7 had been identified at our hospital, and conservative treatment had been tried without success. Case 2. This 54-year-old female with a 6-month history of progressive gait disturbance and bilateral lower extremity radiating pain (right>left) was admitted to our institute. She also had hypoesthesia in both lower legs. Her symptoms had been gradually progressing. Computed tomography scans showed massive OPLL at the T9-10 level. Magnetic resonance imaging of the thoracolumbar spine demonstrated ventral bony masses with severe anterior compression of the spinal cord at the same level. Results : We used this surgical method in 2 patients with a huge beaked-type OPLL in the thoracic level. Complete removal of the OPLL via anterior decompression without instrumented fusion was accomplished. The 1st case had no intraoperative or postoperative complications, and the 2nd case had 1 intraoperative complication (dural tear) and no postoperative complications. There were no residual symptoms of the lower extremities. Conclusion : This surgical technique allows the surgeon to safely and effectively perform minimally invasive anterior decompression without instrumented fusion via a transthoracic approach for thoracic OPLL. It can be applied at the mid and lower level of the thoracic spine and could become a standard procedure for treatment of huge beak-type thoracic OPLL.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.191-227
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• 2015

The supply-driven innovation system is encountering its limitation. At the same time, the needs for solving societal challenges occurring in people's lives are growing. Social problem-solving R&D programs have been attracting attention as a countermeasure to satisfy these needs. It is important to understand the social context of the occurring problems as well as the users facing the social challenges. Therefore, social problem-solving R&D programs have to explore the social challenge and users' needs, with emphasis on the collaboration with researchers and users in the development and implementation process. This study carries out comparative analysis between 'Korean Citizen-driven R&D project' and 'Japanese Research institute of Science and Technology for Society (RISTEX)' concerning goals, construction of program, and promotion processes. The two cases are similar regarding the objectives of social problem-solving and the strategy for user participation. However, there are differences between the characteristics of the projects and promotion processes. The RISTEX is performing social problem-solving R&D with a much wider perspectives than the Korean project. This is because the Korean project maintained the existing R&D system with the lens of the supply-driven system, even when approaching social problem-solving. Therefore, this limitation should be overcome by adopting support systems discarding the supply-driven perspective, through substantiality of user participation, maintenance of legal system, and commercialization of technologies.