• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.290-298
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• 2013

This study examined the effects of calcium (Ca) gluconate on collagen-induced DBA mouse rheumatoid arthritis (CIA). A single daily dose of 200, 100 or 50 mg/kg Ca gluconate was administered orally to male DBA/1J mice for 40 days after initial collagen immunization. To ascertain the effects administering the collagen booster, CIA-related features (including body weight, poly-arthritis, knee and paw thickness, and paw weight increase) were measured from histopathological changes in the spleen, left popliteal lymph node, third digit and the knee joint regions. CIA-related bone and cartilage damage improved significantly in the Ca gluconate-administered CIA mice. Additionally, myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels in the paw were reduced in Ca gluconate-treated CIA mice compared to CIA control groups. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA), an indicator of oxidative stress, decreased in a dose-dependent manner in the Ca gluconate group. Finally, the production of IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$, involved in rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis, were suppressed by treatment with Ca gluconate. Taken together, these results suggest that Ca gluconate is a promising candidate anti-rheumatoid arthritis agent, exerting anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and immunomodulatory effects in CIA mice.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.173-176
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• 1987

담도암은 서서히 자라며 원격전이가 늦은데 비하여 완전절제가 어렵고 수술 후 재발율이 높아. 생존율은 매우 낮다. 많은 예에서 국소치료의 실패가 치료실패의 요인으로 밝혀짐에 따라 술후 방사선 치료의 중요성이 인정되어 왔다. 외부방사선치료 만으로는 충분한 선량을 조사할 수 없으므로 국소적인 고선량치료법으로서 술중방사선치료, 간질방사선치료 (interstitial irradiation), 경관방사선치료(transcatheter irradiation) 등이 사용되고 있으나 경관방사선치료의 보고는 드물다. 영남대학병원 치료방사선과에서는 진행된 담도암 1예에서 암 종괴의 부분절제 후 삽입된 T-자관을 통하여 고선량 방사선 치료를 실시하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2009

Anti-mutagenic and anti-septic effects of $\beta$-1,3/1,6-glucan from Aureobasidium pullulans SM-2001 were evaluated on the on the cyclophosphamide (CPA)-cecal ligation puncture (CLP) and CPA-treated mice. To induce immunosuppression and mutagenicity, 150 and 110 mg/kg of CPA were single intraperitoneally injected at 3 or 1 day before CLP or initial $\beta$-glucan administration. In CLP animals, the cecum was mobilized and ligated below the ileocecal valve, punctured through both surfaces twice with a 22-gauge needle. 125 mg/kg of $\beta$-glucan were dissolved in saline and subcutaneously or orally administered in a volume of 10 ml/kg (of body weight), 4 times, 12 hrs intervals from 6 hrs after CLP or 1 day after second dose of CPA. After treatment of $\beta$-glucan, the mortalities were observed in CPA-CLP model, and the appearance of a micronucleus is used as an index for genotoxic potential in CPA model. As results of CPA-CLP sepsis, all animals (9/9, 100%) in CPA-CLP control were dead within 2 days after CLP. In addition, increase of the number of bone marrow MNPCEs indicated mutagenicity were also observed by treatment of CPA. However, $\beta$-glucan treatment effectively inhibited the mortalities in CPA-CLP, and it also reduced the CPA treatment-related mutagenicity, respectively. These results indicated that $\beta$-glucan has effective anti-septic and anti-mutagenic effects and can be used as an agents for treating sepsis and mutagenicity related to high-dose chemotherapy or radiotherapy. However, further studies should be conducted to observe more detail action mechanisms of it's anti-septic and anti-mutagenic effects.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.377-385
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• 2022

Background: Postoperative endodontic pain is an enigma for the dentist. This study aimed to evaluate the analgesic effect of 300 mg gabapentin or 75 mg pregabalin in reducing postoperative endodontic pain compared with a placebo. Methods: Ninety patients who needed root canal treatment with an initial numerical rating scale (NRS) pain score of > 4 (T0) were randomly divided into three groups (n=30). Patients were then administered either 300 mg gabapentin (group A), 75 mg pregabalin (group B), or a placebo (group C) 30 min prior to the start of endodontic treatment. A single operator performed single-visit endodontics, and pain was evaluated immediately after endodontic treatment (T1) and at 4 h (T2), 8 h (T3), 12 h (T4), 24 h (T5), 48 h (T6), and 72 h (T7) using the NRS. Ibuprofen/paracetamol (400 mg/325 mg) was administered as a rescue dose if needed. Results: Pregabalin performed significantly better when compared with gabapentin at all time points except at 72 h after treatment (P=0.170). The placebo group showed significantly higher pain scores than the other two groups. The percentage of pain relief was maximum for pregabalin (92.1%), followed by gabapentin (87.6%) and placebo (69.1%) at 72 h after treatment completion. Conclusion: This study showed that pretreatment with a single dose of pregabalin and gabapentin both had greater analgesic effects than a placebo. They can be effectively used to reduce postoperative endodontic pain.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.129-142
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• 1976

민어(croaker-Nibea imbricate, Matsubara), 참조기 (yellow corvenia-Pseudostiaena manchurica, Jordan and Thompson) 그리고 물가자미(roundnose flounder-Xystrias grigorjewi, Herzenstein) 어육을 0.5 Mrad 이하의 감마선량에 조사하여 냉장기간중의 선도 유지기간 연장을 가져오는 최적 조사선량을 구하였다. 조사된 어육을 $0^{\circ}$와 $5^{\circ}C$에 35일간 저장하는 동안에 일어나는 관능학적 변화를 미생물학적, 화학적 변화와 비교 검토하였다. $0^{\circ}$ 저장을 위한 민어와 참조기의 최적선량은 0.1 Mrad였으며 $5^{\circ}C$ 저장에서는 0.2 Mrad였다. 물가자미는 방사선 조사에 대단히 민감하여 $0^{\circ}$와 $0.1^{\circ}C$ 다같이 0.1 Mrad였다. 각각의 최적선량에 조사 처리하므로써 민어의 경우 $0^{\circ}C$에서는 선도 유지기간이 비조사구의 2주간에서 5주간 (3-4배)으로 연장되었으며 $5^{\circ}C$에서는 역시 1주간 이내에서 4주간(4-5매)으로 연장이 가능하였다. 참조기는 $0^{\circ}$에서는 $3\~4$배로, $5^{\circ}C$에서는 4-5배로 그리고 물가자미는 $0^{\circ}$에서 4-5매, $5^{\circ}C$에서 6-7배로 각각 연장 되었다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.201-205
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• 2007

목적: 데스모이드 종양의 수술 후 방사선치료 성적을 분석하고 예후인자를 평가하기 위하여 후향적 연구를 진행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1984년 5월부터 2005년 10월까지 서울대학교병원에서 데스모이드 종양으로 수술 후 방사선치료를 시행 받은 환자 27명에 대한 의무기록을 분석하였다. 남자 13예, 여자 14예였으며 연령은 $3{\sim}79$세였다(중앙값, 28세). 종양은 복부 외(21예), 복벽(5예)에 위치하였고 종양의 크기는 장경 기준 $2.5{\sim}25$ cm (중앙값, 7.5 cm)였다. 첫 수술 후 방사선치료를 받은 환자가 13예, 국소 재발 종양에 대한 반복 수술 후 방사선치료를 받은 환자가 14예였다. 방사선치료는 분할 선량 $1.8{\sim}2.0$ Gy로 총 $45{\sim}66$ Gy (중앙값, 59.4 Gy)를 조사하였다. 결 과: 추적관찰 기간의 중앙값은 61개월(범위, $12{\sim}203$개월)이었다. 병변의 국소 진행은 2예에서, 국소 계발은 5예에서 관찰되었다. 5년 무병생존율과 5년 무진행 생존율은 각각 61%와 70%였다. 다변량 분석 결과 광범위절제술을 시행한 경우 용적축소수술을 시행한 경우보다 무병생존율이 높았고(p=0.028), 첫 수술 후 방사선치료를 시행하는 경우와(p=0.046) 방사선 선량이 60 Gy이상인 경우에(p=0.049) 무진행 생존율이 높았다. 첫 수술 후 방사선치료를 시행한 경우 최종 관찰까지 수술 횟수가 중앙값 1회(범위, $1{\sim}3$회)였으나 첫 수술 후 방사선치료를 시행하지 않은 경우 수술 횟수가 중앙값 3.5회(범위, $2{\sim}6$회)였다(p<0.001). 결 론: 처음 진단 시 수술 후 방사선치료를 시행한 경우 국소 제어율은 높았고 총 수술 횟수는 적었다. 따라서 재발의 위험도가 높은 용적축소수술을 받은 환자 등에서는 수술 후 조기 방사선치료의 시행이 바람직하다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.161-166
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 우육 등심에 대한 마이크로파 조사효과를 검토하고 최적 조건을 확인하고자 하여 마이크로파 조사처리(연속처리방법: CW, 정지처리방법: HW)된 우육등심을 14일간 $4^{\circ}C$에 저장하면서 이화학적, 미생물학적 품질 변화를 관찰하였다. 우육의 L값은 저장 6일까지 조사선량이 증가할수록 정지처리방식과 연속처리방식 모두 감소하는 경향을 보였고 저장 10일차 이후에는 T3가 가장 높았고 T6가 가장 낮았다. 조사처리가 a, b값에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 우육의 pH는 조사 직후 0일째에 6.48-6.59였으나 3일 후에 급격히 감소되어 5.59-5.71로 나타났으며 (p>0.05) 저장 14일까지 유의적인 pH 변화가 없었다. 우육의 TBA 값은 조사선량이 높을수록 TBA 값이 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며 정지처리방식보다 연속처리방식에서 TBA 값이 낮아 지질산 패도지연에 효과적이었다. 단백질 부패도를 나타내는 VBN 값은 전 처리구간에서 대조군이 가장 높았고 조사선량이 증가할수록 낮은 단백질부패도를 보였다. 총균수는 대조군의 경우 저장 14일째 $10^8$ CFU/g인 것이 조사처리군인 T6의 경우 $10^3$ CFU/g으로 나타났다. 저온성 세균수는 대조군이 가장 높았고 저장기간이 증가하면서 증가한 반면, 조사처리군인 T6는 가장 낮은 $10^2$ CFU/g값을 저장 14일까지 유지하여 미생물 생장을 지연시켰다. 본 연구결과 우육에 마이크로파 처리가 품질을 유지하면서 미생물 생육을 지연시키는 것으로 나타났으며 우육등심의 품질변화를 최소화하면서 진공포장의 단점인 육색의 변색방지 및 미생물 억제효과를 나타내어 신선육으로 유통시킬 수 있는 최적 조건의 마이크로파 조사조건은 100 W 정지처리방식인 T2인 것으로 나타났다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1987

In vitro induction of cytochrome 450 associated monooxygenase activities by phenobarbital (PB) and 3-methylcholanthrene (MC) was investigated in primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes. PB and MC were added to the culture 24 hr after the initial plating of hepatocytes. A signiftcant increase of the activities of 7-ethoxycoumarin 0-deethylase and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase were observed in MC and PB treated culture. MC caused about 500% induction of the initial oxidation rates of both enzymes in 48 hr. However the PB maintained both enzyme activities close to the level of freshly isolated hepatocytes. Biphenyl 4-hydroxylase and aminopyrine N-demethylase activities were also induced by MC and PB. But the level of induction was less than that occuring with 7-ethoxycoumarin 0-deethylase and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase. When aflatoxin $B_1$ was added to the hepatocyte cultures which have been treated with MC or PB, it caused a significant increase of the unscheduled DNA synthesis at higher dose of aflatoxin $B_1$ as compared to those of untreated control hepatocyte cultures. The results suggest that microsomal enzyme activities can be selectively controlled preferably in hepatocyte cultures by the in vitro induction method. This principle may be useful for studying the metabolism and other toxicological studies.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.119-124
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• 2018

This study was conducted to compare the hemostatic efficacy of three ferric subsulfate- and chitosan-based styptics as a powder and a gel containing ferric subsulfate and chitosan (FSC-PO and FSC-G, respectively) and a soaked pad containing ferric subsulfate and lidocaine (FSL-SP) using a rat tail bleeding model. The cytotoxicity of the styptics against L-929 mouse fibroblasts was also evaluated using a cell counting kit-8 assay. Four groups of 10 rats each were assigned to the three different styptics and a non-treated control groups. Rat tail tips were transected, after which styptics were applied with pressure. The wounds were observed for hemostasis for 3 min, then irrigated with saline to check for recurrent hemorrhage. L-929 mouse fibroblasts were exposed to extracts of the styptics (100 mg/mL) and their dilutions (1:10, 1:100, and 1:1,000). FSC-PO and FSC-G more effectively controlled initial hemorrhage than FSL-SP (p = 0.033). Additionally, FSC-PO and FSC-G more effectively maintained hemostasis than the control group (p = 0.02 and p < 0.01, respectively). However, all styptics showed enhanced cytotoxicity against L-929 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, although FSC-PO and FSC-G would be recommended to control hemorrhage, the benefits of styptics must be balanced against the clinical significance of their cytotoxicity.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.153-157
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• 2012

Purpose: There has been no definite consensus on standard treatment, either local or systemic, for the Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Radiotherapy (RT) can be a good local therapeutic choice especially in non-AIDS associated KS (NAKS) for its indolent behavior. Materials and Methods: Medical records of 17 KS patients treated with RT at the Seoul National University Hospital from February 1998 to January 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. One human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)+ patient with 3 lesions was excluded. The total number of the lesion was 23 among the 16 patients. The median follow-up period was 27.9 months. Correlation between response and variables was analyzed using the logistic regression model. Median age of the patients was 75 years. All the 23 lesions were located at the extremities. Fourteen (61%) of those had pain or local swelling as the initial presentation. Ten patients had possible causes of immunodeficiency and were regarded as iatrogenic, and other 6 were classic KS. Median dose of RT was 36 Gy. Results: No KS-related death was observed. Excluding 2 with short-term follow-up only, complete response and partial response were obtained in 2 (9%) and 19 (73%) lesions, respectively. Of those, 3 lesions underwent local progression. Six had out-of-field recurrence after RT. Symptom improvement was achieved in 13 (93%) of 14 patients. Grade 2 skin toxicities were found in 9 lesions but all got improvement after treatment. When divided into responsive and progressive group, free from progression was not related to any of the possible variables. Conclusion: RT is effective in local control of NAKS resulting great response rate.