• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.291-296
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• 1987

Vibrational spectroscopy has been applied to the benzenethiol molecule adsorbed on the silver surface. The results of infrared and Raman spectral studies have led to the conclusion that benzenethiol is chemisorbed dissociatively on the silver surface by rupture of S-H bond and the benzenethiolate formed upon adsorption is bound to silver via its sulfur atom. It seemed more likely that benzenethiol is adsorbed as being inclined to the silver surface. On contact with oxygen, the geometry of the adsorbed species appeared to bear a resemblance to that of silver benzenethiolate salt. The infrared bands of adsorbed species remained with little decrease of intensity even after the prolonged evacuation at 673 K, indicating that benzenethiol is very strongly chemisorbred to the silver surface.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2012

In this study, we investigated the curing properties of UV-LED curable color coating. Specially, the effects of UV-LED wavelength (365, 395, and 405 nm), inert gas, the concentration of photosensitizer, and dual curing on the curing behavior of UV-LED coating systems were studied. The photopolymerization behaviors and the unreacted acrylate groups at Film-air (FA) interface and Film-substrate (FS) interface were investigated by photo differential scanning calorimetry (Photo-DSC) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflection (FT-IR/ATR), respectively. Photo-DSC results showed that the heat flow and the ultimate conversion for coating system cured by 405 nm UV-LED were higher than the corresponding values for coating systems cured by 395 and 365 nm UV-LED. FT-IR/ATR results showed that the UV-LED curing systems improved interior and through curing of the coating film, but significantly are affected by oxygen inhibition at FA-interface. The inert environment such as nitrogen purging and the dual curing improved the surface and interior curing of the coating films.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.225-236
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to provide clinical information and quantitative data through clinical research on lip balm containing propolis extract and lip application with LED device. Participants in this study were selected as test products for women aged 19 to 50 in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province, and to investigate the effects of LED devices and lip creams on the lips to improve lip elasticity, lip moisture, lip keratin, and lip moisture lasting for 12 hours. Before using the product, immediately after use, after 6 hours of use, after 12 hours of use, and after 2 weeks of use, the use test items are measured and the safety, efficacy, and preference survey of the product is analyzed. The results derived through a series of research procedures are as follows. It has been shown to help lip elasticity, lip moisture, lip keratin improvement, and lip moisture lasting for 12 hours when used once or 2 weeks.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• no.77
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• pp.67-72
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• 2007

ATMega8535 Controller is the ideal solution for use as a standard controller in many applications. The small compact size combined with easy program updates and modifications, make it ideal for use in machinery and control systems, such as alarms, card readers, real-time monitoring applications and much more. This board is ideal as the brains of your robot or at the center of your home-monitoring system. Today, most drivers must use a parking place day by day. Therefore we make time shorten. Using above-mentioned ATmega8535, a sensor of infrared rays, led and lcd, we will make a parking system which is able to display parking situation and lead a car at the best position of Parking easily and quickly. Trying this project, we will be more closer to practical application of electronic engineering bit by bit.

• Proceedings of the KACD Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.582-582
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to apply the photoplethsmography(PPG) as a non-invasive tool to evaluate the blood flow of the anterior tooth in clinic. The system consist of two light-emitting diodes(LED) powered by 5V as the light source. The LED was designed to two weve lengths, 940(infrared) and 660(red)nm simultaneously with a 36nm bandwidth at half the peak intensity. The 54 anterior vital tooth were examined and the measured was analysed in frequency domian (power spectrum).(omitted)

• Ocean Science Journal
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.97-104
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• 2006

A useful radiance-converting method was developed to convert the Landsat-7 ETM+thermal-infrared (TIR) band's radiance ($L_{{\lambda},L7/ETM+}$) to that of Landsat-5 TM TIR ($L_{{\lambda},L5/TM+})$ as: $L_{{\lambda},L5/TM}=0.9699{\times}L_{{\lambda},L7/ETM+}+0.1074\;(R^2=1)$. In addition, based on the radiance-converting equation and the linear relation between digital number (DN) and at-satellite radiance, a DN-converting equation can be established to convert DN value of the TIR band between Landsat-5 and Landsat-7. Via this method, it is easy to integrate Landsat-5 and Landsat-7 TIR data to retrieve the sea surface temperature (SST) in coastal waters on the basis of local empirical algorithms in which the radiance or DN of Lansat-5 and 7 TIR band is usually the only input independent variable. The method was employed in a local empirical algorithm in Daya Bay, China, to detect the thermal pollution of cooling water discharge from the Daya Bay nuclear power station (DNPS). This work demonstrates that radiance conversion is an effective approach to integration of Landsat-5 and Landsat-7 data in the process of a SST retrieval which is based on local empirical algorithms.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 1999

The oxygen saturation of blood can be measured by the difference absorption in optical spectra of Hb and Hb0$_2$, as the well known previous study. In this study we developed the non-invasive oxygen measurement device for diagnosis of peripheral vascular disease in lower extremity using infrared and red LED which produce a peak spectral emission at a wavelength of 660 nm, and 940 nm. To evaluate the clinical application of the oxygen measurement device, we performed lower extremity study to measure the oxygen changes in response to physiological changes within biological tissue. The results showed that oxygen saturation of blood in biological tissue can be monitored from the separation arrangement light source and detector.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.99-102
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• 2016

The phototactic behavioral responses of Tribolium castaneum adults to light-emitting diodes (LEDs) of seven different wavelengths were determined under various conditions (light exposure times, light sources, and luminance intensities) and compared with those of a black light bulb (BLB) under laboratory conditions. Based on the attractive rate (%) of T. castaneum adults under optimal conditions (50 lx and an 48 h exposure time) in the dark, red LED ($625{\pm}10nm$) exhibited the highest potential attractive rate (97.8 %), followed by yellow ($590{\pm}5nm$, 68.9 %), green ($520{\pm}5nm$, 55.6 %), infrared (IR) (730 nm, 54.4 %), white (450-620 nm, 41.1 %), blue ($470{\pm}10nm$, 34.4 %), and ultraviolet (UV) (365 nm, 0.06 %) LEDs. In comparison, red LED (97.8 %) was approximately 3.4 times more attractive to T. castaneum adults than the BLB (28.9 %). These results indicate that a red LED trap could be useful to control T. castaneum adults.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.269-274
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• 2013

To proportionally control the electronic valve position of the actuator, we designed and fabricated PCU, CPT, and rotary absolute optical encoder for the detection of absolute angular position in the actuator. We also designed and constructed the test system by using DAQ hardware and Labview. We designed PCU to convert 1-5 V, 0-5 V, 0-10 V, 2-10 V voltage signals and 4-20 mA current signals to the voltage signals in the common 0.5-2.5 V range. We designed CPT to output 4-20 mA current signals corresponding to the valve positions based on the PWM signal input from the MCU. We also designed 20 bit optical encoder by using infrared LED and infrared transistor and made the serial communication with the main board possible. When we tested PCU and CPT with DAQ hardware and Labview software, they operated correctly with the small errors within ${\pm}0.003$ V and ${\pm}0.01$ mA, respectively, showing that our actuator has the excellent performance to employ as the industrial proportional-valve-actuator. The resolution of the encoder was $11.25^{\circ}$ and the maximum revolution to detect was 32,768.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.860-863
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• 2003

Pulse oximetry has gained wide spread clinical acceptance in the latter part of the 21st century. The principle of pulse oximetry is based on the red and infrared light absorption features and uses a light emitter with red and infrared LEDs that shines through a reasonably translucent site with good blood flow. There are two methods of sending light through the measuring site : transmission and reflectance. After the transmitted red and infrared signals pass through the measuring site and received at the photodetector, the red/infrared ratio is calculated. But, pulse of oximeters are so sensitive that they may detect pulses when pressure is too low to provide adequate tissue blood flow, that is, SpO2 may decrease due to O2 consumption by the finger of the pulsing but stagnant arterial blood at low pressure or with vasoconstriction. This project has the limitations of pulse oximetry. Therefore, this paper is focused on the resuction of motion artifact that caused by moving when someone measures with SpO2 system.