Jimyung, Choi;Jisun, Shin;Miran, Han;Junhaeng, Lee;Jongsoo, Kim;Jongbin, Kim
Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
/
v.49
no.3
/
pp.329-339
/
2022
The purpose of this study was to compare the palatal dimensions (volume, width, length, and height) in different malocclusions (Class I, II, and III) in mixed dentition using a three-dimensional digital scanner. The study was performed on 30 selected casts from 1400 casts that were taken at the Department of Pediatric Dentistry at Dankook University. Casts consisted of Class I, II, and III malocclusion groups in Hellman's dental age IIIA. The mean age was 8 years and 6 months ± 11 months. Each cast was scanned by three-dimensional digital scanner, Medit T710 (Medit, Seoul, Korea), and shaped into the three-dimensional image and calculated palatal dimensions using the Plan T program (SMD solution, Seoul, Korea). The values were statistically compared and evaluated by Kruskal-Wallis followed by the Mann-Whitney test. According to our results, subjects with Class II malocclusion showed lower palatal width and longer palatal length compared to those with Class I and Class III. For palatal height, Class III malocclusion subjects in mixed dentition exhibited a larger number than Class II and Class I. Lastly, for palatal volume, compared to other malocclusions, Class III showed higher results; however, there were no significant differences. The form of the palate differs in types of malocclusions and understanding of these differences is important in clinical significance. Based on this study, the understanding of the relationship between the shape of the palate and the skeletal pattern provides useful information about orthodontic treatment plans, early diagnosis of malocclusion, and morphological integration mechanisms. Orthopedic treatment in the maxilla should be performed during early and intermediate mixed dentition to enhance treatment efficiency.
Sang Yeon, Jung;Ye-Chae, Hwang;Seung-Yeon, Cho;Han-Gyul, Lee;Seungwon, Kwon;WooSang, Jung;Sang-Kwan, Moon;Jung-Mi, Park;Chang-Nam, Ko;Seong-Uk, Park
The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
/
v.23
no.1
/
pp.25-40
/
2022
■Objectives This study aimed to collect and analyze clinical studies on the significance of acupuncture in the treatment of hypertension among Korean patients. ■Methods Among Korean patients with a blood pressure (BP) of 120 mmHg or higher and a diastolic BP of 80 mmHg or higher, those, treated with acupuncture only, were included. A literature search was conducted through 'Embase', 'Medline', 'Science and Technology Information Integration Service (NDSL)', 'Traditional Korean Knowledge Portal (OASIS)', 'PubMed', and 'Scopus'. The search keywords were (hypertension OR 'blood pressure') AND acupuncture. The papers, published before the day of the search (02. January 2022), were included in this study. ■Results Among the 12 selected papers, seven involved randomized controlled trial (RCT), four before-and-after studies, and one case series. The number of RCTs has increased yearly. The treatment methods used in the studies included needle acupuncture in eight studies, auricular acupuncture in two, pharmacopuncture in one, and si-acupuncture in one. The average numbers of patients enrolled in RCTs, before-and-after studies, and case series were 21.1, 30, and 23 respectively. Six studies were conducted on prehypertensive patients, two on stage 1 hypertension patients, and four on stage 2 hypertension patients. The involved acupoints have been reported to be ST36 in eight papers, LI11 in four papers, and PC6 in three papers. The treatment period lasted for < 1 week in eight studies and 8 weeks in four studies. Acupuncture successfully lowered blood pressure in nine out of 12 studies ■Conclusions Acupuncture is a viable alternative treatment option for prehypertensive patients, who are not taking medications. Additionally, it is also useful in further lowering the BP of patients with stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension in the short term. Large-scale and long-term studies on acupuncture for hypertension should be conducted.
KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
/
v.11
no.8
/
pp.331-338
/
2022
Successor representation (SR) is a model of human reinforcement learning (RL) mimicking the underlying mechanism of hippocampal cells constructing cognitive maps. SR utilizes these learned features to adaptively respond to the frequent reward changes. In this paper, we evaluated the performance of SR under the context where changes in latent variables of environments trigger the reward structure changes. For a benchmark test, we adopted SR-Dyna, an integration of SR into goal-driven Dyna RL algorithm in the 2-stage Markov Decision Task (MDT) in which we can intentionally manipulate the latent variables - state transition uncertainty and goal-condition. To precisely investigate the characteristics of SR, we conducted the experiments while controlling each latent variable that affects the changes in reward structure. Evaluation results showed that SR-Dyna could learn to respond to the reward changes in relation to the changes in latent variables, but could not learn rapidly in that situation. This brings about the necessity to build more robust RL models that can rapidly learn to respond to the frequent changes in the environment in which latent variables and reward structure change at the same time.
Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
/
v.7
no.4
/
pp.403-413
/
2017
The study was conducted to understand the meaning of the voluntary service experience of Korean-Chinese who living in South Korea and examine the reason of participating in voluntary activities. 8 people participated in the study, who come from volunteering groups in a Korean-Chinese compact community. Data were collected through in - depth interviews and participation observation. The collected data were categorized and analyzed according to Giorgi's hermeneutic phenomenological research method. As a result of the analysis, three sets of themes were drawn on the nature of their volunteering experience. Through their volunteer activities, they have been improving their images that have been damaged and stigmatized by the mainstream society. Through their volunteer activities, they have improved their self-esteem, got more information about the society and better adapted to Korean society. Moreover, through their volunteer activities, they have increased their sense of responsibility for Korean society and redefined their position in Korea. Given this, they expect the possibility of becoming a global citizen for the future. The meanings of volunteer experience of Chinese Koreans have been examined and discussed in this study, which indicated that the activation of the volunteer activities of migrants contributes positively to the integration of multicultural society.
The creativity of thesis is that the significance of cyber security challenges in blockchain. The variety of enterprises, including those in the medical market, are the targets of cyberattacks. Hospitals and clinics are only two examples of medical facilities that are easy targets for cybercriminals, along with IoT-based medical devices like pacemakers. Cyberattacks in the medical field not only put patients' lives in danger but also have the potential to expose private and sensitive information. Reviewing and looking at the present and historical flaws and vulnerabilities in the blockchain-based IoT and medical institutions' equipment is crucial as they are sensitive, relevant, and of a medical character. This study aims to investigate recent and current weaknesses in medical equipment, of blockchain-based IoT, and institutions. Medical security systems are becoming increasingly crucial in blockchain-based IoT medical devices and digital adoption more broadly. It is gaining importance as a standalone medical device. Currently the use of software in medical market is growing exponentially and many countries have already set guidelines for quality control. The achievements of the thesis are medical equipment of blockchain-based IoT no longer exist in a vacuum, thanks to technical improvements and the emergence of electronic health records (EHRs). Increased EHR use among providers, as well as the demand for integration and connection technologies to improve clinical workflow, patient care solutions, and overall hospital operations, will fuel significant growth in the blockchain-based IoT market for linked medical devices. The need for blockchain technology and IoT-based medical device to enhance their health IT infrastructure and design and development techniques will only get louder in the future. Blockchain technology will be essential in the future of cybersecurity, because blockchain technology can be significantly improved with the cybersecurity adoption of IoT devices, i.e., via remote monitoring, reducing waiting time for emergency rooms, track assets, etc. This paper sheds the light on the benefits of the blockchain-based IoT market.
KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
/
v.28
no.3B
/
pp.261-270
/
2008
Even though there is a great deal of progress in a numerical method of high caliber like SPH, it is very rarely deployed in a water resources community. Despite the great stride in computing environment, depth averaged approach like a nonlinear shallow equation is still efficient tool for flood routing in large watershed, but it can give some misleading information like the inundation height of flood. In this rationale, we numerically simulate the flow into the dry channel, dry channel with an obstacle triggered by the collapse of a two dimensional water column using SPH (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics) in order to boost the application of numerical method of high caliber like SPH in a water resources community. As a most severe test of the robustness of SPH, we also carry out the simulation of the flow through a clearance into the wet channel driven by the rapid removal of a water gate. As a hydrodynamic model, we used the Navier-Stokes equation, a numerical integration of which was carried out using SPH. To verify the validity of newly proposed numerical model, we compare the numerically simulated flow with the others in the literature mainly from VOF and MAC, and hydraulic experiments by Martin and Moyce (1952), Koshizuka et al. (1995) and Janosi et al. (2004). It was shown that agreements between the numerical results in this study and hydraulic experiments are remarkable.
Woojin Jeon;Jong-Min Yeom;Jae-Heon Jung;Kyoung-Wook Jin;Kyung-Soo Han
Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
/
v.39
no.6_1
/
pp.1273-1281
/
2023
Absolute radiometric calibration is a crucial process in converting the electromagnetic signals obtained from satellite sensors into physical quantities. It is performed to enhance the accuracy of satellite data, facilitate comparison and integration with other satellite datasets, and address changes in sensor characteristics over time or due to environmental conditions. In this study, field campaigns were conducted to perform vicarious calibration for the multispectral channels of the CAS500-1. Two valid field observations were obtained under clear-sky conditions, and the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiance was simulated using the MODerate resolution atmospheric TRANsmission 6 (MODTRAN 6) radiative transfer model. While a linear relationship was observed between the simulated TOA radiance of tarps and CAS500-1 digital numbers(DN), challenges such as a wide field of view and saturation in CAS500-1 imagery suggest the need for future refinement of the calibration coefficients. Nevertheless, this study represents the first attempt at absolute radiometric calibration for CAS500-1. Despite the challenges, it provides valuable insights for future research aiming to determine reliable coefficients for enhanced accuracy in CAS500-1's absolute radiometric calibration.
Within the framework of the post-2020 climate regime, the Paris Agreement's emphasis on Nationally Determined Contributions and Biennial Transparency Reporting is paramount in addressing its long-term temperature goal. A salient issue is the treatment of wetland ecosystems within the context of Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry, as defined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. In the 2019 National Inventory Report, wetlands were recategorized as emission sources due to their designation as inundated areas. This study employs C-band radar imagery to discriminate between inundated and non-inundated regions of wetlands, enabling the quantification of their spatial dynamics. The research capitalizes on 24-period Sentinel-1 satellite data to cover both the inundation and desiccation phases while centering its attention on Ungok Wetland, a Ramsar-designated inland wetland conservation area in Korea. The inundated area is quantitatively assessed through the integration of multi-temporal Sentinel-1 Single-Look Complex (SLC) data, aerial orthophotography, and inland wetland spatial information. Furthermore, the study scrutinizes fluctuations in the maximum and minimum inundated areas, with substantial changes corroborated via drone aerial reconnaissance. The outcomes of this investigation hold the potential to make substantive contributions to the refinement of national greenhouse gas absorption and emission factors, thereby informing the development of comprehensive greenhouse gas inventories. These efforts align directly with the overarching objectives of the Paris Agreement.
The aim of this study is to empirically explore the operational spillover effect among companies within chaebol groups, prominent corporate conglomerates in South Korea. Chaebols are known for their horizontal and vertical integration, fostering close collaboration among their constituent companies from a supply chain standpoint. Existing literature highlights the sharing of tangible and intangible resources within chaebol structures, leading to increased efficiency by minimizing transaction costs through resource sharing. This research investigates whether operational management performance within chaebol structures can be transmitted through cooperative resource utilization. To achieve this objective, we categorize leading companies and affiliate companies within chaebols and examine whether the operational management performance of leading companies significantly influences that of affiliate companies. Data on conglomerates, as defined by the Korea Fair Trade Commission, were collected, along with information on companies within these groups. Subsequently, the company with the highest revenue within each group was identified as the leading company, while the remaining companies were designated as affiliate companies. Our analysis reveals a significant positive relationship between the performance of inventory and facility resource management of leading companies and that of affiliate companies. This study sheds light on the transfer of operational management performance within conglomerates from a managerial perspective, underscoring the importance of reinforcing cooperation systems within the chaebol group. Furthermore, this research contributes to the academic discourse by delineating conglomerates from an operational management perspective and empirically demonstrating the transfer effect of operational management performance.
Smart factories represent production facilities where cutting-edge information and communication technologies are fused with manufacturing processes, reflecting rapid advancements and changes in the global manufacturing sector. They capitalize on the integration of robotics and automation, the Internet of Things (IoT), and the convergence of artificial intelligence technologies to maximize production efficiency in various manufacturing environments. However, the smart factory environment is prone to security threats and vulnerabilities due to various attack techniques. When security threats occur in smart factories, they can lead to financial losses, damage to corporate reputation, and even human casualties, necessitating an appropriate security response. Therefore, this paper proposes a security authentication mechanism for safe communication in the smart factory environment. The components of the proposed authentication mechanism include smart devices, an internal operation management system, an authentication system, and a cloud storage server. The smart device registration process, authentication procedure, and the detailed design of anomaly detection and update procedures were meticulously developed. And the safety of the proposed authentication mechanism was analyzed, and through performance analysis with existing authentication mechanisms, we confirmed an efficiency improvement of approximately 8%. Additionally, this paper presents directions for future research on lightweight protocols and security strategies for the application of the proposed technology, aiming to enhance security.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.