• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.125-134
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• 2012

Interest has been studied as one of the construct to understand and improve learning in science. While informal science education is getting increasing attention as science education has been extended from formal school science to informal science learning including after-school program or science museum activity, however, little has been studied in comparing to the needs. In this study the authors investigated students' interest about learning science in the context of informal science education. For this the survey tool in the article of Im and Pak (2000) was utilized through modification, and 155 elementary students' responses were analyzed with factor analysis and basic statistics. The factor analysis showed that the students' interest about learning science in the context of informal science education has multi dimensions like subject, motivation, and activity dimension. The result showed that students' interest decreased as their grade is higher, and that the interest of intrinsic motivation, empirical activity, and descriptive subject were relatively high while the interest of extrinsic motivation, cognitive activity, and specific subjects were low. From this study the authors could infer the necessity of instructional strategy in consideration of students' interest for more effective science learning in informal science education environment.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2014

This study aimed to find out the current conditions and the characteristics of elementary students' science-related engagement in informal education setting. For this, we conducted a survey targeting 645 $6^{th}$ grader elementary students of three elementary school in Seoul. The results were described as following aspects: first, the place, the engagement frequency, and companies of students' science-related activity in informal setting, second, the characteristics of engagement based on homogeneity analysis. Based on these results, we suggested several ways to encourage students' science-related engagement in informal education setting.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.211-220
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• 2008

This study examined pre-service science teachers' perceptions of informal learning by adopting a discourse analysis method suggested by Mortimer and Scott(2003). The guiding research questions were: (1) What are some general patterns of the discourse occurring in science museums between a teacher and a student? (2) In what ways do the pre-service teachers perceive informal learning and teacher's role in informal settings? The 7 pre-service science teachers participated in this study. Each of them shepherd an elementary student around the museum and implemented their own instruction using a pre-planed lesson plan. Results indicated that even though the teachers had learned some characteristics of informal teaming in their college courses, they tended to implement their traditional view of science teaming into the instruction and the view affected them to set up their teaching purposes and contents, and to select communicative approach, patterns of discourse and ways of intervention.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.391-398
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• 2005

최근 연구에 따르면 학생들의 진로 선택에서 비정규학습이 정규학습 못지않게 영향을 주고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 다양한 형태의 비정규 과학교육 활동이 시행되고 있는 가운데, 2004년 국내에서는 한국공학 한림원을 중심으로 기업의 공학 기술인이 학교 현장에 찾아가 학생들과 함께 과학 실험, 공작 활동을 하는 것이 새롭게 시도되었다. 이러한 '주니어 공학기술 교실' 사업은 한국공학한림원에서 과학기술자에 대한 올바른 인식과 첨단 과학기술에 대한 이해 증진을 위해 민간주도로 지역의 과학기술자가 초${\cdot}$중등 학교를 직접 방문하여 과학기술 교육을 지원하는 형식으로 시행되고 있다. 2004년 현재 대기업과 중소기업 17개 기업이 참여하고 있다. 주니어 공학기술교실에서는 공학 기술인이 학생을 가르치는 교사(이하 기업 교사)로, 현직 교사는 기업 교사와 학교 현장을 중계하는 매개자 역할을 하게 된다. 새롭게 시도되는 비정규 과학 활동이라는 점에서 이 프로그램의 직접적인 운영자인 기업 교사와 이를 바라보는 학교 현직 교사의 인식은 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 비정규 학습에 대한 현직 교사와 기업 교사의 인식을 조사함으로써, 기업 교사가 학교 현장에 참여하는 비정규 과학교육 활동에 대한 시사점을 알아보고자 하였다. 설문과 현장 수업 참관을 통해 조사한 결과, 기업 교사와 현장 교사 모두 본 사업의 취지에 공감하였으며, 사업의 시행 결과에 매우 만족한 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 일부 기업 교사는 교재와 교구, 학교와 기업의 협조 분위기에 불만족을 나타내기도 하였다. 또한 현장 교사와 기업 교사 모두 프로그램의 적절성이 주니어 공학기술 교실과 길은 비정규 과학교육 사업의 성공과 실패를 좌우한다고 생각하였다. '주니어 공학기술 교실'과 같은 비정규 과학교육 활동이 효과적으로 시행되고 사회적으로 확산되기 위해서는 적절한 프로그램의 개발 노력이 무엇보다 중요하며, 학교와 현직 교사 등 교육계의 적극적인 수용 및 활용 의지가 더욱 필요한 것으로 보인다.

• 정보관리학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.133-152
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• 2019

본 연구는 사회과학 연구자의 비공식 커뮤니케이션 활동 및 대중이용 패턴을 파악하고 범주화하는 데 초점을 맞춘다. 트위터 데이터를 이용하여 대중과의 커뮤니케이션 활동에 참여한 국내 사회과학 연구자 736명을 식별하고, 이 연구자들의 비공식 커뮤니케이션 활동이 드러난 트윗 4,548개를 내용분석하였다. 본 연구는 지금까지 학술커뮤니케이션 연구에서 밝혀지지 않았던 사회과학자와 일반대중 간의 비공식적인 커뮤니케이션을 탐색하고, 구체적인 비공식 커뮤니케이션 활동 내용, 커뮤니케이션 매체 및 협업 분야의 유형을 식별했다는 점에서 의미가 있다.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.61-74
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• 2022

In a rapidly changing environment, it is essential for companies to develop their capabilities for sustainable growth. To this end, informal learning at work plays an important role for small and medium-sized enterprises that are having difficulties in human resource development. If the GRIT of workers and the spiritual leadership of leaders are maintained at an appropriate level, the effect of informal learning will increase. This study derived the following results through a survey of workers participating in the Work-learning Dual System in Korea. First, experience and feedback among informal learning activities have a significant positive effect on competency development. Second, the higher the level of the GRIT of workers, the greater the magnitude of the positive effect of experience and feedback on competency development, showing a positive moderating effect. Third, in the case of workers with high GRIT, capacity development is strengthened as experience or feedback increases, and the higher the level of spiritual leadership, the greater the scope of reinforcement. On the other hand, it can be seen that in the case of workers with low GRIT, competency development weakens as experience or feedback increases, and the higher the level of spiritual leadership, the greater the extent of the weakening.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.620-633
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• 2014

This study was to examine elementary students' expectations on informal science learning in science museums which have characteristics of free choice learning. $5^{th}$ and $6^{th}$ grade students in two different elementary schools in Gyeonggi province participated in the survey and 330 samples were collected. Subcategories for the survey were categorized on the basis of review of the literature about the learning outcomes from science museums. The survey instruments were developed following the idea of each subcategory from the learning in science museums and a content validity of the survey instruments was checked. The results were as follows: Generally students' had high expectations of all subcategories and developing their interests in science through science museums was confirmed the most. Moreover, expectations on learning in science museums were differences between gender and grade. Finally, it was found that grade differences of expectations on learning in science museums were affected by intrinsic motivation, and empirical activity were affecting the gender differences of those. Based on the results of study, elementary students could confirm that the science museums had the important values and possibility as a field of informal science learning. And this study implied that the science museums could enhance more educational roles of informal science learning.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제14권
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• pp.93-130
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• 1987

Scientific communication is an information exchange activity between scientists. Scientific communication is carried out in a variety of informal and formal ways. Basically, informal communication takes place by word of mouth, whereas formal communication occurs via the written word. Science is a highly interdependent activity in which each scientist builds upon the work of colleagues past and present. Consequently, science depends heavily on scientific communication. In this study, three mathematical models, namly Brillouin measure, logistic equation, and Markov chain are examined. These models provide one with a means of describing and predicting the behavior of scientific communication process. These mathematical models can be applied to construct quality filtering algorithms for subject literature which identify synthesized elements (authors, papers, and journals). Each suggests a different type of application. Quality filtering for authors can be useful to funding agencies in terms of identifying individuals doing the best work in a given area or subarea. Quality filtering with respect to papers can be useful in constructing information retrieval and dissemination systems for the community of scientists interested m the field. The quality filtering of journals can be a basis for the establishment of small quality libraries based on local interests in a variety of situations, ranging from the collection of an individual scientist or physician to research centers to developing countries. The objective of this study is to establish the theoretical framework for informetrics which is defined as the quantitative analysis of scientific communication, by investigating mathematical models of scientific communication.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.281-296
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• 2015

The ultimate goal of environment education plays an important role in forming knowledge, skill, attitude and a point of value along with sustainable development in the regions. Recently, however, environment education is comparatively despised due to college-entrance-exam-focused education policy. Ironically, environment education is more actively implemented at informal institutes rather than formal ones. Environment education at schools is based on the school curriculum, but at informal educational institutes enjoy much more freedom in choosing learners, places and programs. Among them, the place is one of the most important factors of environment education. Therefore, in order to maximize the goal of environment education in this study, a specified program was developed and applied to a certain place to investigate its features and effects. Also the program was checked if it reflexes the environment education goal by using environment education program analysis frame. The results are as follows; according to the analysis of the program, the program was most effective for the two goals of offering hands-on experience and presenting motivations. The second most effective result of the program lied in the goal of knowledge, functions, value and attitude. And the teachers who used this program concluded that, when the program was applied to unmanned islands, offered stronger motivation due to their natural surroundings. Furthermore, direct experience is recommended because it can give us better conditions to collect data and to enhance interpretation ability.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.393-414
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• 2004

전통적으로 도서관의 역할은 자료보존기능과 자료제공기능이 강조되어 왔다. 그러나 현대사회에서 공공도서관의 역할은 학습의 장으로서 그들의 문화적 교육적 활동을 지원하는 소프트웨어적 기능이 강조되고 있다. 현대 산업사회에서는 일생을 통하여 다양한 형태의 비형식적 학습이 필요하며 그 기능에 대한 도서관의 비중은 커지고 있다. 본 연구의 관찰대상이 된 미국 공공도서관의 특징은 아동에 대한 다양한 교육프로그램을 통한 교육적 역할이었다. 이들 공공도서관은 아동교육의 주체자로서 프로그램을 개발하고 아동교육의 장으로서 스스로 주도해가고 있었다. 앞으로 공공도서관은 교육의 장으로서 지역사회와 일체감 있는 공동체기능이 더욱 강조되어져야 한다.