• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.7-15
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• 2019

Purpose - The industrial structure upgrading can play an important role in promoting the carbon emission efficiency. Thus, this paper attempts to study the impact of industrial structure upgrading on carbon emission efficiency in order to reduce carbon emissions. Research design, data, and methodology - This paper selects panel data of 30 provinces and municipalities (autonomous regions) in China from 2001 to 2016, and divides them into three regions. The Moore index is used to measure the industrial structure upgrading, the non-radial SBM model based on undesired output is used to measure the slack variable to calculate the total factor carbon emission efficiency. Finally the impact of industrial structure upgrading on the carbon emission efficiency are analyzed. Results - It is found that the Moore index and the carbon emission efficiency in the eastern region is the highest in the three regions. Conclusions - The influence of various influencing factors on carbon emission efficiency is different between regions. The Moore index has a positive effect on the carbon emission efficiency in the eastern region, and has a negative influence coefficient on the central region. The effect on the western region is not obvious.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.173-189
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• 2015

In reality, masonry infill modifies the seismic response of reinforced concrete (r.c.) frame structures by increasing the overall rigidity of structure which results in: increasing of total seismic load value, decreasing of deformations and period of vibration, therefore masonry infill frame structures have larger capacity of absorbing and dissipating seismic energy. The aim of the paper is to explore and assess actual influence of masonry infill on seismic response of r.c. frame structures, to determine whether it's justified to disregard masonry infill influence and to determine appropriate way to consider infill influence by design. This was done by modeling different structures, bare frame structures as well as masonry infill frame structures, while varying masonry infill to r.c. frame stiffness ratio and seismic intensity. Further resistance envelope for those models were created and compared. Different structures analysis have shown that the seismic action on infilled r.c. frame structure is almost always twice as much as seismic action on the same structure with bare r.c. frames, regardless of the seismic intensity. Comparing different models resistance envelopes has shown that, in case of lower stiffness r.c. frame structure, masonry infill (both lower and higher stiffness) increased its lateral load capacity, in average, two times, but in case of higher stiffness r.c. frame structures, influence of masonry infill on lateral load capacity is insignificant. After all, it is to conclude that the optimal structure type depends on its exposure to seismic action and its masonry infill to r.c. frame stiffness ratio.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.63-70
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• 2016

From 1990, Seoul Metropolitan Government has established an urban master plan for the efficient city management by introducing the central place structure with a multi-tiered hierarchy. In the plan, Seoul City uses the strategy of developing the station influence area around the urban railway, in order to form the central place structure, effectively. . Therefore, reviewing impacts of urban railway is the most fundamental study for understanding changes in the spatial structures of Seoul. In the study, we have analyzed the changes in the central place structure of Seoul City with the public land price changes in station influence area around the urban railway at each year of 2000, 2005, and 2010. As a result, we could easily recognize the changes in the hierarchical central place structure by analyzing the time-series changes of public land price in station influence area.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.41-63
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to analyze the interrelation of influential factors in organizational conflict and organizational commitment. The data for this study were collected through a self-administered survey with a structured Questionnaire to 1,167 subjects from several nursing staff members, administration staff members and medical technicians of six hospitals. In this analysis frequency test, t-test, ANOVA, hierarchical multiple regression and structural equation model were used. The main findings of this study are as follows. 1. Factors which influence organizational conflict were analyzed. The type of occupation and the year of service were socio-demographic variables which influenced organizational conflict positively. Adjusted R square was 0.03. Perceptions on organizational structure and organizational culture were analyzed with two- level variables that were added. The findings were as follows. Adjusted R square increased to 0.25. The year of service, internal process culture and rational goal culture were positive variables. The design of organizational structure, human relations culture and open system culture were negative variables. 2. Variables which influence organizational commitment were analyzed. Age and the year of service were positive variables, while academic background based on high school education was a negative variable. Adjusted R square was 0.16. Perceptions on organizational structure and organizational culture were analyzed with two-level variables that were added. The findings were as follows. The characteristics of organizational structure, human relations culture and organizational culture were positive variables. Adjusted R square increased to 0.55. The variables of organizational conflict were added in 3 steps. Findings were as follows. The variables of hierarchical conflict showed negative influence and were included in two-level influential variables. Adjusted R square increased to 0.56. 3. Structural equation model was analyzed in order to examine the relation between organizational structure and the variables of organizational culture, organizational conflict and organizational commitment. Thirteen path coefficients out of seventeen path coefficients were significant. Age had negative influence on organizational conflict and positive influence on organizational commitment. The year of service had positive influence on organizational conflict and organizational commitment. The design of organizational structure, human relations culture and open system culture had negative influence on organizational. conflict. They had positive influence on organizational commitment. Internal process culture and rational goal culture had positive influence on organizational conflict. Organizational conflict had negative influence on organizational commitment. The squared multiple correlation of this model was 25.1% in organizational conflict and 52.7% in organizational commitment. The conclusion of this study is as follows. Factors in organizational structure and organizational culture, rather than socio-demographic factors, had a stronger influence on the organizational conflict and organizational commitment of hospitals. In order to decrease organizational conflict, to increase organizational commitment and to maximize the effectiveness of hospital management, it is necessary to understand the overall relation between organizational structure, organizational culture, organizational conflict and organizational commitment, with the effort of improving personalized factors and individual factors of organization management.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.179-204
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• 2009

A physical and numerical steady flow impinging jet has been used to simulate the bulk characteristics of a downburst-like wind field. The influence of downdraft tilt and surface roughness on the ensuing wall jet flow has been investigated. It was found that a simulated downdraft impinging the surface at a non-normal angle has the potential for causing larger structural loads than the normal impingement case. It was also found that for the current impinging jet simulations, surface roughness played a minor role in determining the storm maximum wind structure, but this influence increased as the wall jet diverged. However, through comparison with previous research it was found that the influence of surface roughness is Reynolds number dependent and therefore may differ from that reported herein for full-scale downburst cases. Using the current experimental results an empirical model has been developed for laboratory-scale impinging jet velocity structure that includes the influence of both jet tilt and surface roughness.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.83-89
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• 2017

Temporary structures provide the accessible working area when building a permanent building structure in the construction operation. Executed in a natural environment, the temporary structure is prone to the external influence factors of underground water, soil conditions, etc. These factors should be carefully considered in designing the temporary structure. The objective of this study is to apply the external influence factors in designing a more reliable earth retaining wall. The research methodology is based on the Taguchi method that has been studied to improve product quality in the industry. An orthogonal array was developed to analyze the interaction between the external influence factors and the internal influence factors. A sample case study demonstrated that the Taguchi method can be used in planning a more reliable temporary structure for earth retaining walls.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.65-70
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• 2007

This paper is estimation of structure damage caused by VCE(Vapor Cloud Explosion) in enclosure. As we estimate the influence of damage which occur at gas facility in factory. We can utilize the elementary data of safety distance. In this study, the influence of over-pressure caused by VCE in enclosure was calculated by using the Hopkinson's scaling law and the accident damage was estimated by applying the influence on the adjacent structure into the probit model. As a result of the damage estimation conducted by using the probit model, both the damage possibility of explosion overpressure to structures of 20 meters away and to glass bursting of 80 meters away was nearly zero in open space explosion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.9-15
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• 1985

The objective of the study was to investigate the influence of the socio-economic phenomena on the fashion of Jugori at the end period of the Yi dynasty when that women's cloth was very shortened. An attempt was made to show that fashion was not an outcome of foreign culture's influence, but the reflection for the living style and mentality of the people at that period when the socio-economic structure was rapidly changed. Alternatively, the paper tried to show the evidence that the change in the fashion was accompanied by the change in the economic structure shifting from the natural economy to monetary economy and in the structure of rural society experiencing the diversification of social classes.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.277-287
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• 2003

The low boundary of load carrying capacity of the elastic-plastic spatial grid structures depend on numerous values and their variability assumed in designing process. Analysed influence all this values in searching for optimal variant of the structure lead to too great problem even taking into consideration actual computational power we have in disposal. Therefore one can take only a few values which have greatest influence on the optimal choice. In optimal analysis of the elastic-plastic spatial grid structures the previously proposed method with subsequent modification (Karczewski 1980), (Karczewski, Barszcz and Donten 1996), (Karczewski and Donten 2001) as well as computer program which was worked out by Donten K. to make possible practical utilisation this method was employed. The paper deal with evaluation of influence dimensions of particular values for choice of optimal variant of the structure. One among this values is distribution of the struts in the structure.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.42-45
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• 2007

This paper is estimation of structure damage caused by VCE(Vapor Cloud Explosion) in enclosure. As we estimate the influence of damage which occur at gas facility in factory. We can utilize it the elementary data of safety distance. In this study, the influence of explosion over-pressure caused by VCE in enclosure was calculated by using the Hopkinson's scaling law and the accident damage was estimated by applying the influence on the adjacent structure into the probit model. As a result of the damage estimation conducted by using the probit model, both the damage possibility of explosion overpressure to structures 20 meters away and that of overpressure to glass bursting 80m meters away showed nothing.