• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.8-17
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• 2004

Objective: Under recognition of the similarity between carbuncle in Oriental medicine and inflammatory disease, NeiShuHuangLianJang(N.H.) has been used as an antiphlogistic agent. The present reports shows the anti-inflammatory effects of N.H. Method: Experimental animals made use of 4-5 weeks age(weight 20-25g) ICR(male)mouse. They were farmed individually in a temperature($22{\pm}0.5{\circ}$) and light(06:00 to 18:00 h) controlled room with free access to water and food. The N.H.(1.0g／kg, 3.0g／kg) extracted from NeiShuHuangLianTang were administered intragastrically prior to LPS I.P injection. we measured WBC count, IL-6 level in plasma and TNF-${\alpha}$ level in plasma. Result : 1. N.H. suppressed inflammatory reaction induced by LPS. 2. N.H. suppressed WBC count in inflammatory reaction induced by LPS. 3. N.H. suppressed 1L-6 level in inflammatory reaction induced by LPS. According to above experiments, N.H. was improved its suppression effect against the inflammatory reaction through WBC count and IL-6 level. So N.H. which is used for the inflammatory disease(carbuncle) in Oriental Medicine is assumed to have a curative effects against this disease by controlling WBC count and IL-6 level in plasma.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.77-87
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• 1982

The purpose of this study is to estimate the reaction of rat subcutaneous tissues following exposure to the various concentrations of formocresol (100, 50, 20%), eugenol (100, 75, 50%), and sodium hypochlorite. (5, 3.5, 0.5%) The results were as follows: 1. As the concentration of formocresol was decreased, the inflammatory reaction was decreased conspicuously. 2. The inflammatory reaction of 100% eugenol was appeared to be similar to that of 75% eugenol. The inflammatory reaction of 50% eugenol was decreased conspicuously. 3. No significant differences were found in inflammatory response between 3.5% and 5% sodium hypochlorite. 4. The inflammatory reaction of 0.5% sodium hypochlorite was mild and appeared to be similar to that of saline solution in 7 days.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.133-139
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• 1972

Estrous and non-estrous rabbits were inoculated with E. coli or Streptococcus pyogenes, and the mixture of the two organisms, and bacterial count and histopathological studies of uterine horns were made to observe the effects of estrogen on the resistance of the uterus to bacterial infection. The results obtained were summarized as followings; 1. Four hours after inoculation of bactoria into uterine horn, the number of organisms was significantly lower in estrous rabbits than in non-estrous regardless of the kind of organisms inoculated. 2. The highest reduction rate of the organisms among the three bacterial inoculation groups was found in estrous rabbits inoculated with E. coli, and the lowest reduction rate was with Streptococcus pyogenes. 3. Histopathological changes of uterine horns induced five days after bacterial inoculation were observed. In estrous rabbits, a mild inflammatory reaction was found in Streptococcus pyogenes group, but a slight inflammatory reaction and only a negligible inflammatory reaction were observed in mixed bacteria group, and in E. coli group respectively. In non-estrous group, however, a marked inflammatory reaction was observed in Streptococcus pyogenes group, a moderate inflammatory reaction and a slight inflammatory reaction were observed in the mixed bacterial group and E. coli group, respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.101-108
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• 2006

The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether gallic acid could modulate the inflammatory allergic reaction and to study its mechanism of action Gallic acid inhibited compound 48/80- or immunoglobulin E (IgE)-induced histamine release from mast cells. The inhibitory effect of gallic acid on the histamine release was mediated by modulation of cAMP and intracellular calcium. Gallic acid decreased the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate plus calcium ionophore A23187-stimulated pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression and production such as TNF- ${\alpha}$ and IL-6 in human mast cells, and the inhibitory effect of gallic acid was on dependent nuclear factor- ${\kappa}$B and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Our findings provide evidence that gallic acid inhibits mast cell-derived inflammatory allergic reaction by blocking histamine release and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.53-58
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• 2011

Purpose: This study aims to examine the effects of pulsed ultrasound on skin inflammatory reaction induced by ultraviolet irradiation. Methods: Twenty subjects were selected for this study. Inflammatory reaction was induced by ultraviolet irradiation in two areas of the lumbar region of the subjects. Pulsed ultrasound (3 MHz) was applied to one of the two areas of inflammatory reaction at a pulse ratio of 1:4, intensity of $0.5W/cm^2$, once a day for 5 min, and pulsed ultrasound was not applied to the other area. Wound color (chromatic red), luminance (gray) and wound contraction (area) were measured using digital imaging processing method. Results: There was a significant difference in wound color (chromatic red) in the interaction between time and area. There was a significant difference in luminance in the interaction between time and area. There was a significant difference in wound contraction between the two areas. Conclusion: These results indicate that pulsed ultrasound increased the wound contraction rate and reduced the inflammatory reaction activity such as erythema induced by ultraviolet irradiation.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1896-1903
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• 2004

Anglicae dahuricae Radix (ADR), the dried roots of Angelica Dahurica Benth et Hook (Umbelliferae), is a traditional herbal medicine used to treat colds, headache, skin diseases such as acne and possess analgesic, antipyretic and drainage effects. In the present study, the author evaluated the effect of ADR on regulation of inflammatory reaction. ADR reduced the ear-swelling responses derived from compound 48/80 in dose-dependent manner significantly. ADR inhibited the PMA plus A23187-induced productions of IL (Interleukin)-8, IL-1β, granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α from human mast cells (HMC)-1. In addition, ADR blocked PMA plus A23187-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Ⅰ suggest that ADR regulates inflammatory reaction through inhibition of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-8, IL-1β and GM-CSF.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.20-26
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• 2024

The etiology and pathophysiology of delayed inflammatory reactions caused by hyaluronic acid fillers have not yet been elucidated. Previous studies have suggested that the etiology can be attributed to the hyaluronic acid filler itself, patient's immunological status, infection, and injection technique. Hyaluronic acid fillers are composed of high-molecular weight hyaluronic acids that are chemically cross-linked using substances such as 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE). The mechanism by which BDDE cross-links the two hyaluronic acid disaccharides is still unclear and it may exist as a fully reacted cross-linker, pendant cross-linker, deactivated cross-linker, and residual cross-linker. The hyaluronic acid filler also contains impurities such as silicone oil and aluminum during the manufacturing process. Impurities can induce a foreign body reaction when the hyaluronic acid filler is injected into the body. Aseptic hyaluronic acid filler injections should be performed while considering the possibility of biofilm formation or delayed inflammatory reaction. Delayed inflammatory reactions tend to occur when patients experience flu-like illnesses; thus, the patient's immunological status plays an important role in delayed inflammatory reactions. Large-bolus hyaluronic acid filler injections can induce foreign body reactions and carry a relatively high risk of granuloma formation.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.165-171
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• 2002

The purpose of this research was to investigate effects of Hyunsamchungpye-eum(HSCPE) on the anti-inflammatory/anti-allergic reaction in vivo and in vitro. HSCPE reduced the acute hind paw edema induced by histamine, the permeability of evans blue into peritoneal cavity. HSCPE inhibited the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction in rat, the lethal anaphylaxis and degranulation of peritoneal mast cells induced by compound 48/80 in mice, HSCPE did not affect the Arthus reaction, but decreased the delayed type hypersensitivity induced by SRBC, contact dermititis induced by DNFB. These results suggest that HSCPE have an anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic action.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.239-244
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• 2011

Immediate-type hypersensitivity is involved in many allergic diseases such as asthma, allergic rhinitis and anaphylaxis. The discovery of drugs for the treatment of allergic disease is an important subject in human health. Stimulation of mast cells releases inflammatory mediators, such as histamine and pro-inflammatory cytokines with immune regulatory properties. We investigated the effect of the aqueous extract of Schizonepeta tenuifolia (AEST) (Labiatae) on the immediate-type allergic reaction. AEST inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic allergic reaction. AEST attenuated immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated skin allergic reaction and histamine release from human mast cell line (HMC-1) cells. In addition, AEST decreased the gene expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) plus calcium ionophore A23187 (A23187)-stimulated HMC-1 cells. Our results indicate that AEST inhibits the mast cell-derived allergic reactions and involvement of histamine and pro-inflammatory cytokines in these effects.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.61-70
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• 2003

The purposes of this study was to evaluate the effect of low power GaAsAl laser on tissue contraction in a linear incision wound on rat skin. The linear incision wound was made on the midline of the backside in the experimental animals. Low power laser applications with different intensities such as 3, 6, or 10 mW were applied to the experimental animals twice a day for 10 days. On either the seventh or tenth postoperative day, the quantitative analysis of the inflammatory reaction surrounding the linear incision wounds on the rats were performed using enzymatical analysis of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. The number of neutrophil was $.07-1.0{\times}106/m{\ell}$ from a normal blood sample that was obtained from the normal experimental animals. Each concentration of neutrophil showed .04-.62 unit activity of MPO. Therefore, the 6 unit activity of MPO per neutrophil was $.57{\pm}.014{\times}10^{-6}$ unit. On the 7th and 10th post operative day, non treated tissues demonstrated increased MPO activity as compared to that of normal tissue. These data indicated that the inflammatory reaction of tissue was induced after wound induction and the MPO activity were increased in the inflammed tissues. While both 3 mW or 6 mW intensity of laser treatments did not affect the tissue MPO activity, 10 mW intensity of laser treatment significantly decreased the tissue MPO activity on the 7th and 10th post operative day. These data demonstrated that only 10 mW intensity of laser treatment successfully suppressed tissue inflammatory reaction after wound induction. In conclusion, these findings suggested that 10 mW of GaAIAs laser treatments effectively suppressed the inflammatory reaction of tissue that was induced during the wound healing process.