• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제14권6호
• /
• pp.59-67
• /
• 2003

The development of science technology and high growth of economy have influenced on the change of living environment and have changed people's way of thinking and behavior. Also, apartments has appeared to solve the shortage of housing in cities. This study has a thorough grasp about problems of juvenile playground in the apartments and comes the following conclusion as a result that all sorts of details for amusement behavior have been analyzed. First, juvenile playground should be harmonized with nature, and needs a construction of amusement place that include fixed amusement facilities. Second, for a constitution of dynamic amusement place, a school playground should be opened in the public and parking lots should be utilized for dynamic amusement place in a different time. Third, juvenile playground should be classified by age, especially infant amusement facilities should be installed where a landscape architecture has placed between buildings. Also a daylight should be shined into the place, under considering the installation of bench for parents and rest space. Fourth, a location of amusement place is needed a careful consideration of the environment and building placement, in addition that suitable distance should be set up for children to come into contact easily. Fifth, insufficient things should be complemented as compared with the standards of foreign amusement facilities and guideline should be suggested for maintenance and management of amusement place.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제21권8호
• /
• pp.95-103
• /
• 2016

Food habit forming the basis for a lifetime of food and nutrient intake is established in early childhood and has an effect to the child's growth, sociality, and obesity. A variety of nutrition screening tools exists for assessing the health and nutrition status of children such as the Growth Curve, for determining if growth is appropriate. Body mass index(BMI) as a more reliable index of overweight to prevent childhood obesity, and Nutrition Quotient(NQ) and eating behaviors questionnaire for young children and parents to estimate their nutrient intake adequate or not. Such tools are mainly used by health practitioners, such as doctor and dietitian to provide nutrition intervention services to children at risk, especially and are not easy to use for general parents, who need assessment at any time and at any place. We propose Growth Assistance System for infants and children, which is possible to assess their physical condition, nutritional status, and eating behavior integrated. To be convenient and portable, it is implemented over the smartphone as an application. The system offers the growth charts, the BMI curves, NQ and eating behavior questionnaire to take a monitoring and the functionalities operate well. We hereby expect this system support the normal growth and development of infants and young children. And also support for the health practitioner (dietitians and nutritionists) to take a role in providing nutrition counseling and education to children needing nutrition services.

• 여성건강간호학회지
• /
• 제4권3호
• /
• pp.322-331
• /
• 1998

The postpartum is a period of transition to motherhood where a childless woman transforms into a woman with children. Parents, especially mothers must perform an essential role of implementing instrumental and emotional care behaviors on part of the helpless, dependent, and immature infant. First-time mothers, however, suddenly face the responsibility of round the clock duty without neither parenting training during pregnancy, nor a time to gradually adapt to growing responsibilities after birth, with confusion and frustration as a result. Thus, after providing first-time mothers with childcare education as maternal role preparation, this study will try to examine its effects on childcare behaviors and confidence in maternal role during the early postpartum period. This quasi-experimental study using a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design, was carried out from March 1995 to May 1996 to verify the effects of a childcare education program with first-time mothers who had vaginal delivery in Ewha University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, and collected data from 60 subjects who consented to the study. The education was given in the early postpartum period(48-72 hours after delivery) and to measure its effects, a posttest was done 4 weeks later with the results analyzed by SPSS shown in the following : 1. The childcare behavior score of the experimental group that had received the newborn care education was higher than the control group(t=3.5, P=.001). 2. The control group and the experimental group which had received the education showed no difference in degree of confidence in maternal role. 3. The higher the childcare behavior score, the higher the degree of confidence in maternal role was among the subjects(r=.56, P=.001). The preceding results are significant in that childcare practices can be promoted by providing child-care education to first-time mothers in the early postpartum period. Thus, this education can be used as a nursing intervention strategy in the early postpartum period.

• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제12권6호
• /
• pp.1101-1110
• /
• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to research and to analyze the relationship between oral health state of infants and oral health awareness of their parents. Methods : The study has been conducted for 196 infants ranging from the age 18 to 60 month and their parents who have visited three dental clinics in Gyeongju city. The questionnaire has been made to identify the parents' oral health knowledge and behavior, while the dentist has examined the dental care, toothbrushing, and malocclusion of infants. Results : According to the results, it has been found out that there is correlation between subject's health status and oral health status where the higher point of subject's health status lead to the point of oral health status accordingly. Also it has been additionally recognized that there is the relationship between the awareness of parents and the oral health status of their infants in the same way. Conclusions : The parents who have low oral health awareness are required by oral health professionals to be provided with information on infant oral health, in order to promote and to maintain healthy oral status of their infants. And the specific training on method how to care oral health is needed. In addition, the government should take the detailed measures by extending infant's medical benefits to draw their attention to the issue.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.39-48
• /
• 2014

목적 영유아를 돌보는 어머니의 양육행위를 파악하여 양육행위 형태를 확인하고자 한다. 방법 본 연구는 60개월 이하의 영유아를 양육하는 어머니의 양육행위와 관련된 구체적인 경험이나 인식을 질적, 양적으로 파악하고자 내용분석을 실시한 연구이다. 결과 양육행위에 대한 내용을 긍정적 강화와 부정적 강화로 양육행위를 분류하여 내용 분석한 결과 총 55개의 의미 있는 진술문과 14개의 범주로 도출되었다. 첫째, 긍정적 강화영역으로는 "잦은 피부 접촉", "즐겁게 해줌", "자녀와의 많은 시간 가짐", "자녀의 자존감 향상", "자녀의 요구에 대한 민감", "올바른 훈육", "독립적 양육", "자녀의 의견 경청", "자녀의 감정 이해 및 존중" 9개의 범주로 나타났다. 둘째, 부정적 강화영역으로 범주화된 내용으로는 "과잉보호", "비 일관적인 태도", "방임", "부정적 훈육 행위", "권위적 순종 강조" 5개의 범주로 나타났다. 결론 어머니의 양육행위에 대한 내용을 확인하고 변화를 위해서는 교육을 좀 더 구체적이며 체계적으로 운영하며 개개인의 양육행위에 대한 방법을 고려하여 적합한 교육 프로그램의 개발을 통해 추후 효과를 높일 수 있을 것이라고 생각된다.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.59-65
• /
• 2022

Background: Healthcare workers' attitudes toward vaccination have been widely described in the literature, but a restricted amount of studies assessed healthcare students' knowledge, attitudes, and opinions on this issue. This study aimed to estimate the influence of a degree course on knowledge and immunization behavior among healthcare students and to compare medical students with students from other health profession degree programs to identify possible differences. Methods: A multicenter, cross-sectional study was performed in 2018 in 14 Italian Universities (3,131 students were interviewed). A validated questionnaire was used to assess knowledge, attitudes, and opinions toward vaccinations, with a specific focus on influenza vaccine and attitudes toward mandatory vaccination policies. Statistical software STATA® 14 was used. Results: Significant differences were recorded between medical students and other healthcare students. The intention to get vaccinated against influenza during the next season and having been vaccinated in the previous season was higher in the medical group (p < 0.001). In the group of students of other health professions, we registered a lower probability of identifying themselves as a high-risk group for contracting infectious diseases as a consequence of their profession and health status (aOR 0.49; CI95%: 0.40-0.60) and an increased likelihood of defining their level of knowledge on vaccine-preventable diseases and related vaccinations as "insufficient/sufficient/fair" (aOR 1.31; CI95%: 1.11-1.56). Conclusions: Results show several differences between medical students and students of other health professions when it comes to vaccination knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions, as well as a general low tendency to be vaccinated against influenza.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.265-272
• /
• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a Maternal-Fetal Interaction Belief Scale (MFIBS). Method: The research design was a methodological study. The items generated for this scale were drawn from a comprehensive literature review. Content validity was established for the MFIBS. The 26-item scale was developed to measure the construct of the MFIBS during pregnancy and tested on 186 pregnant women. Results: The final tool consist of 20 items which were sorted into 6 factors by factor analysis. The factors were identified as 'influence of pregnancy (5 items)', 'ability of fetus (3 items)', 'maternal-fetal interaction behavior (3 items)', 'practice of taegyo (3 items)', 'ability of infant (3 items)', and 'taemong (3 items)'. The six factors explained 62.37% of the total variance in the MFIBS. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for internal consistency was .81 and the reliability of the subscales ranged from .60-.85 Guttman split-half coefficient was .66. Conclusions: This scale proves to be a effective, useful tool and suitable in Korean women for measuring the Maternal-Fetal Interaction Belief. Future studies are required for further refinement of the scale.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.165-171
• /
• 2004

The analytical method of toxic heavy metals in disposable diapers was developed. Disposable diapers obtained from Korea, Japan, America and German were determinated and quantified. Sample treatment (Total Digestion) was wet chemical acid digestion for extraction of nine hazardous inorganic elements (Sb, As, Pb, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Ni, Hg) in disposable diapers. Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer (ICP-AES) have been used for analyzing nine hazardous inorganic elements. The results were as follows : The concentration of extractable Sb which was treated for 3 hours with artificial urine and disposable diapers was higher than those of 6 hours and 24 hours. The concentration of extractable Cr was same as Sb. On the other hands, the behavior of Cu and Ni were different from Sb and Cr. Concentrations of extractable Cu and Ni increased as increasing the reaction time between artificial urine and disposable diapers.

• 아동학회지
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.155-167
• /
• 2005

Korean infants' use of gesture was examined with 45 10-to 17-month olds. The mothers of infants were asked to check each word in the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory-Korean (MCDI-K) vocabulary checklist if their infant had a gesture for a given word and to indicate what kind of early communicative behavior she showed in 5 different situations. The results show that infants in this study have 11 gestures, of which many are learned within the context of routines or games. Referential gestures were rarely reported. There was no positive correlation between the number of gestures and the number of expressive words. However, more qualitative measures on early communicative behaviors show that there was a positive correlation between "frequent use of gestures" and "try to communicate by verbal means".

• 아동학회지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.109-125
• /
• 1994

The purpose of this study was to validate the IBQ scale (Infant Behavior Questionnaire; Rothbart, 1981). This study examined the validity, reliability and overall tendency of temperamental traits on the IBQ scale. The subjects were 453 mothers with 3-, 6-, 9-, 12-, 15- and 18-month-old infants (232 boys and 221 girls) living in Seoul and Chongju. The IBQ scale, was composed of 56 items (5-point Likert scales), was administered to mothers, using the interview method. Factor analysis revealed that a 6- factor solution was the best fit for the IBQ scale; positive emotionality, attention persistence, approach or withdrawal, negative emotionality, dis tractability and activity. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ ranged from .61 to .79 for the subscales and .79 for the total scale. It was concluded that the IBQ scale in general is acceptable for use in Korea.