• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1999년도 제14차 학술회의논문집
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• pp.185-188
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• 1999

An estimation algorithm for vehicle driving load has been proposed in this paper. Driving load is an important factor in a vehicle's longitudinal motion control. An approach using an observer is introduced to estimate driving load based on inexpensive RPM sensors currently being used in production vehicles. Also, a torque estimation technique using nonlinear characteristic functions has been incorporated in this estimation algorithm. Using a nonlinear full vehicle simulation model, we study the effect of the driving load on longitudinal vehicle motion, and the performance of the estimation algorithm has been evaluated. The proposed estimation algorithm has good performance and robustness over uncertainties in the system parameters. An accurate estimate of the driving load can be very helpful in the development of advance vehicle control systems such as intelligent cruise control systems, CW/CA systems and smooth shift control systems.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1990년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집(국제학술편); KOEX, Seoul; 26-27 Oct. 1990
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• pp.1119-1122
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• 1990

Presnted is a new optical transmission system to transmit the FM control signal (80 MHz) through an optical fiber by the use of an inexpensive LED having a cutoff frequency of as low as 30 MHz. Studies are carried out on the division of the FM signal frequency at 80 MHz by a factor of four. The FM signal frequency is, after the transmission through the optical fiber, then multiplied by a factor of four so as to obtain the normal FM control signal.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.861-867
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• 2007

A spreader pose control system using dual-electric compasses has been implemented by measuring the skew angle of the spreader with dual-electric compasses. In the conventional spreader pose measurement, CCD cameras, laser sensors or tilt sensors are mostly used. However those sensors are not only sensitive to the weather and disturbances but also expensive to build the system. To overcome the shortcomings, an inexpensive and efficient system to control the spreader pose has been implemented using the dual-magnetic compasses. Since the spreader iron-structures are noise sources to the magnetic compass, it is not considered to use the magnetic compass to measure the orientation of the spreader. An algorithm to eliminate the interferences of metal structures to the dual compasses has been developed in this paper. The 10:1 reduction model of a spreader control system is implemented and the control performance is demonstrated to show the effectiveness of the dual-magnetic compasses proposed in this research.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제32B권3호
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• pp.66-76
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• 1995

In this research, a mesh connected VLSI structure is proposed for the real time computation of the generalized Hough transform(GHT). The purpose of the research is to design a generalized Hough transformer that can be realized as a single chip processor. The GHT has been modified to yield a highly parallel structure consisting of simple processing elements(PEs) and communication networks. In the proposed structure, the GHT can be computed by first assigning an image pixel to a PE and performing shift and add operations. The result of the CAD circuit simulation shows that it can be computed in the time proportional to the number of pixels in the pattern. In addition to the Hough transformer, the peak detector has been designed to reduce 1)the number of the I/O operations between the transformer and the host computer and 2) the host computer's burden for peak detection by transmitting only the local peaks detected from the transformed accumulator. It is expected that the proposed single chip Hough transformer with peak detector makes a fast and inexpensive edge based object recognition systems possible for many industrial and military applications.

• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제31A권7호
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• pp.102-109
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• 1994

Low cost high efficiency single crystal silicon solar cells for terrestrial applications have been fabricated by using inexpensive materials such as solar grade silicon wafer and pastes, and mass production processes such as screen printing and spray. Under 100 mW/cm$^2$ (AM 1.5) and $25^{\circ}C$ conditions conversion efficiency of 16.48% was obtained by anon fire-thru process and 15.55% by fire-thru process.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.472-475
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• 2013

An efficient and environmentally benign protocol for the three-component synthesis of triazoloindazoles and indazolophthalazines via condensation of dimedone, aldehydes and urazole or phthalhydrazide catalyzed by $ZrOCl_2.8H_2O$ as an inexpensive and eco-friendly catalyst with high catalytic activity under solvent-free conditions is reported. This protocol provides a new and improved method for obtaining triazoloindazoles and indazolophthalazines in terms of good yields, simple experimental procedure and short reaction time.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1989년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.65-70
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• 1989

Until recently post-processing of finite element model has been Heavily relied on expensive graphic peripheral devices. For this reason many engineers and researchers can not afford to access to the graphics. with the aid of inexpensive personal computers very econmical post-processor graphics program called MICRO-POST has been developed in conjunction with low-cost printers and plotters. Model geometry or results of analysis for the unlimitted meshes either produced by mainframe or microcomputer can be easily and economi-call presented in a number of different graphic devices. The paper presents the procedure obtaining the device the independent graphics, and the structure and functions of the program. It also describes a new error-preventive dialogue type input technique to control the plot operation in an interactive manner. Through the post-processing examples for the general purpose finite element programs, it demonstrates the usefulness of the program.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제17권31호
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• pp.155-161
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• 1994

This study presents a systematic and mere economical method to acquire 3-D anthropometric data by the use of Moire' interferometry, image processing and computer vision techniques. An experiment was performed to measure sixty-one anthropometric variables, such as height weight neck-base circumference, contained areas of various contours etc.., of thirty-six male subjects with wide range of ages (14 years to 43 years' old). Cluster analysis was performed with contour information, and somatotyping was performed to obtain four distinct types of body shape. The results were then compared with classifications obtained from traditional somatotyping methods which showed 71.88% consistency. This study developed a simple and inexpensive method for 3-D anthropometric data acquisition and suggests the quantification and interpretation scheme that will enable us to utilize the data for industrial applications.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.86-93
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• 2003

The development of a fast, accurate, and inexpensive position-controlled pneumatic actuator that may be applied to a variety of practical positioning applications with various external loads is described in this paper. A novel modified pulse width modulation (MPWM) valve pulsing algorithm allows on/off solenoid valves to be used in place of costly servo valves. A comparison between the system response of standard PWM technique and that of the novel modified PWM technique shows that the control performance is significantly increased. A state feedback controller with position, velocity and acceleration feedback is successfully implemented as the continuous controller. Switching algorithm of control parameter using learning vector quantization neural network (LVQNN) is newly proposed, which estimates the external loads of the pneumatic actuator. The effectiveness of the proposed control algorithms are demonstrated through experiments with various loads.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.546-551
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• 2016

In this study, capping with recycled aggregate and natural zeolite in marine sediment was performed to investigate its inhibitory effect on pollutants released from sediment to seawater. An experiment was performed by capping with amendments for 60 days, and concentrations of organic matter (COD), nitrate, phosphate and metallic elements (Ni, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, As, and Cr) were measured. Two capping materials effectively suppressed pollutant release. Recycled aggregate showed better effectiveness for organic pollutant, nitrate and phosphate release. Meanwhile, natural zeolite was effective for metallic elements. As a result, recycled aggregate and natural zeolite can be considered as cost-effective/inexpensive capping material candidates. Also, the capping material can be selected according to the target pollutant.