• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.204-210
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• 2023

This study focuses on analyzing medical device standards and regulatory requirements in the medical device industry, based on the Medical Device Act in Korea. The objective of this analysis is to determine whether the domestic standards for medical devices in Korea align with international and regional standards. Furthermore, it aims to identify the current application of domestic standards in ensuring the safety and essential performance of medical devices. The analysis revealed that out of a total of 281 domestic standards, 127 standards reference international standards. In terms of the application of domestic standards to specific items, there were 473 types of instruments/machines, 30 types of medical supplies, and 45 types of dental materials. However, the level of compliance with international standards among the domestic medical device standards was only 21%. Upon detailed analysis, general and collateral standards accounted for 24%, while particular standards accounted for 19%. This indicates a significant deviation from the latest international standards. On the other hand, the level of compliance with international standards was analyzed to be 60% for particular standards and 72% for general and collateral standards in Korean industrial standards (KS). Considering these results, the disparities between domestic standards and international standards underscore the need for discussions on domestic medical device regulation and standardization. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the significance of maintaining up-to-date medical device standards and ensuring their alignment with international standards to ensure the safety and quality of medical devices. The findings highlight the necessity for further efforts to strengthen the domestic standardization system in order to promote the development of safe and high-quality medical devices.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.507-513
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• 2012

Objective: This study developed a hierarchy of conditions of applications(devices), situations and functions which are applicable to gesture interface. Background: Gesture interface is one of the promising interfaces for our natural and intuitive interaction with intelligent machines and environments. Although there were many studies related to developing new gesture-based devices and gesture interfaces, it was little known which applications, situations and functions are applicable to gesture interface. Method: This study searched about 120 papers relevant to designing and applying gesture interfaces and vocabulary to find the gesture applicable conditions of applications, situations and functions. The conditions which were extracted from 16 closely-related papers were rearranged, and a hierarchy of them was developed to evaluate the applicability of applications, situations and functions to gesture interface. Results: This study summarized 10, 10 and 6 conditions of applications, situations and functions, respectively. In addition, the gesture applicable condition hierarchy of applications, situation and functions were developed based on the semantic similarity, ordering and serial or parallel relationship among them. Conclusion: This study collected gesture applicable conditions of application, situation and functions, and a hierarchy of them was developed to evaluate the applicability of gesture interface. Application: The gesture applicable conditions and hierarchy can be used in developing a framework and detailed criteria to evaluate applicability of applications situations and functions. Moreover, it can enable for designers of gesture interface and vocabulary to determine applications, situations and functions which are applicable to gesture interface.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.1110-1111
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• 2007

These days, the concerns about maintenance and repair of electric facilities for stable and reliable electric power supply are increasing day by day. Because, we can have enormous damages economically and socially from a problem of the facilities, no matter how it is a small one. Especially, electric facilities in our country had been built abruptly from 40 years ago, so it can be thought that here are great amount of old facilities that must be repaired or replaced with new one, and the number would be increased time by time. On this situation, many researchers are studying the efficient and reliable method of maintenance for electric facilities and the results are applied on the facilities gradually by growing interests of operators and managers of the facilities. In this paper, the IED(Intelligent Electronic Devices) for Diagnosis system of electric machines are described. It takes analog data from a sensing device and operates digital processor to get a optimum digital data for diagnosis system. Now, this device is applied on several high voltage substations to diagnose and maintain GIS. Brief schematic of total diagnosis system and the construction of the IED are included in this paper.

• Composites Research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.8-13
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• 2005

Rotating circular disks are widely used in data storage devices as well as in traditional industrial machines. Faster rotating speed is required in data storage devices for higher data transfer rate. In this Paper an application of composite materials to CD is proposed to increase critical speeds and the strength analysis was performed. A differential equation of displacement is derived for the analytic stress distribution of rotating polar orthotropic disk. The stress distributions for typical GFRP and CFRP disks and the maximum allowable speeds subjected to a constraint of tensile strength are presented in addition to polycarbonate disk. The results show that the application of CFRP to rotating disk can increase the maximum allowable rotating speed but this may not be applicable to GFRP disk.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.72-92
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• 2000

This research has conducted studies on an Oriental medicine-based method of diagnosing of occupational musculoskeletal system diseases. This researcher has searched through existing relevant medical literature. Also, this researcher has worked on a moire topography using moire topography. In this course, this researcher has reached the following conclusion in relation to the possibility of using a moire topography as a diagnosing device of musculoskeletal system diseases under Oriental medicine . 1 The Western medicine outlines its criteria of screening occupational musculoskeletal system diseases as follows A. The occupational musculoskeletal diseases must clearly include one or more of the subjective symptoms characterized by pain, hypoesthesia dysaesthesia, anaesthesia. etc . B, There should be clinically admitted objective observations and diagnosis outlining that the disease concerned shows symptoms such as tenderness, induration. and edema that can appear with occupational musculoskeletal system diseases. dyscinesia should be admitted with the disease concerned, or there should be observations and diagnosis outlining that abnormality exists in electric muscular or nervous diagnosis and examination . C. It should be admitted that prior to the occurrence of symptoms or observations and diagnosis on musculoskeletal system-related diseases, a patient has been engaged in works with conditions requiring improper work posture or work movement. That is, this is an approach whereby they see abnormality in the musculoskeletal system come from material and structural defect, and adjust and control abnormality in the musculoskeletal system and secreta . 2. The Oriental medicines sees that a patient develops the pain of occupational musculoskeletal diseases as he cannot properly activate the flow of his life force and blood thus not only causing formation of lumps in the body and blocking the flow of life force and blood in some parts of the body. Hence, The Oriental medicine focuses on resolving the cause of weakening the flow of life force and blood, instead of taking material approach of correcting structural abnormality Furthermore , Oriental medicine sees that when muscle tension builds up, this presses blood vessels and nerves passing by, triggering circulation dyscrasia and neurological reaction and thus leading to lesion. Thus, instead of taking skeletal or neurophysiological approach. it seeks to fundamentally resolve the cause of the flow of the life force and blood in muscles not being activated. As a result Oriental medicine attributes the main cause of musculoskeletal system diseases to muscle tension and its build-up that stem from an individual's long formed chronicle habit and work environment. This approach considers not only the social structure aspect including companies owners and work environment that the existing methods have looked at, but also individual workers' responsibility and their environmental factors. Hence, this is a step forward method. 3 The diagnosis of musculoskeletal diseases under Oriental medicine is characterized by the fact that an Oriental medicine doctor uses not only photos taken by himself, but also various detection devices to gather information and pass comprehensive judgment on it. Thus, it is the core of diagnosis under Oriental medicine to develop diagnosing devices matching the characteristics of information to be induced and to interpret information so induced from the views of Oriental medicine. Diagnosis using diagnosing devices values the whole state of a patient and formal abnormality alike, and the whole balance and muscular state of a patient serves as the basis of diagnosis. Hence, this method, instead of depending on the information gathered from devices under Western medicine, requires devices that provide information on the whole state of a patient in addition to the local abnormality information that X-ray. CT, etc., can offer. This method sees muscle as the central part of the abnormality in the musculoskeletal system and thus requires diagnosing devices enabling the muscular state. 4. The diagnosing device using moire topography under Oriental medicine has advantages below and can be used for diagnosing musculoskeletal system diseases with industrial workers . First, the device can Provide information on the body in an unbalanced state. and thus identify the imbalance and difference of height in the left and right stature that a patient can not notice at normal times. Second, the device shows the twisting of muscles or induration regions in a contour map. This is not possible with existing shooting machines such as X-ray, CT, etc., thus differentiating itself from existing machines. Third, this device makes it possible for Oriental medicine to take its unique approach to the abnormality in the musculoskeletal system. Oriental medicine sees the state and imbalance state in muscles as major factors in determining the lesion of musculoskeletal system, and the device makes it possible to shoot the state of muscles in detail. In this respect, the device is significant. Fourth, the device has an advantage as non-aggression diagnosing device.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.34-39
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• 1996

In many industrial applicatiosns such as machine tools and automation equipments the control performance of the feed-drive systems as positioning devices of the tools and workpieces have great influences on the quality of related machines. For many electrically driven mechanical feed systems resilient couplings between motors and mechanical elements which mostly consist of elasttic shafts and gears often are unavoidable. Commonly these systems can be regarded as an elastic multi-mass systems can be regarded as an elastic multi-mass system which is dealt with this contribution. S high performance speed or position control can only be achieved with the considering of the mechanical elastic characteristics of the system. n this paper some practic characteristics of the system In this paper some practical information is given about experience in modeling design simulation and experiments for linear elastic multi-mass system,

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.120-131
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• 2009

Most world-leading companies are aware that Environment and Health and Safety Issues are critical to the product quality and sustainable growth of their company. Environment-friendly efforts are seen in almost all aspects of business operations in an advanced nation. The Extended Producer Responsibility(EPR) and EU Directive on Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment(WEEE) attempt to tackle the growing quantity of WEEE by making producers responsible for the costs of the collection and recycling of their products at the End-of-Life(EOL). To implement the RFID-based integration system for EOL household electric appliances, such as washing machines and refrigerators, we analyzed the process of collecting, recovering, and recycling the EOL products returned from the distribution points. Furthermore, we proposed a soon-to-be process using the RFID-based integration system in the metropolitan recycling center(MRC). This soon-to-be process model is composed of RFID tags, readers, ALEs, applications and several devices. Through the introduction of the RFID-based integration system, we are expecting to see increasing traceability and real-time management for EOL products from customers, and also improvements in valuable reusable materials(VRM) produced from recycling processes.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.18-23
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• 2021

There has been demand for many magnetic sensor applications, and to develop low-cost devices, it is critical to accurately understand the behavior of the magnetic field and the characteristics of magnetic sensors and target devices during initial development phase. The magnetic field has been known to have very complicated nonlinear data to calculate, so it has required expensive computing machines or research to accurately calculate the magnetic sensor values. However, this paper introduces a characteristic of a magnetic sensor called the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) and proposes simple and sufficient approaches to develop a wearable joystick device using a magnetic sensor. Particularly, this paper introduces the design factors for how to properly develop a low-cost wearable joystick device using magnetic sensors after carefully considering the mechanism of a real joystick and the characteristics of magnetic sensors. As a result, user test results are provided to show how users can operate this new wearable joystick device.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.59-69
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• 2018

This study deals with the case study on the pallet quantity determination problem for the flexible manufacturing system producing 32 different types of aircraft wing ribs which are major structures of an aircraft wings. A Korean company has constructed the WFMS (wing rib flexible manufacturing system) that is composed of several automated equipments such as the 5-axis machining centers, the RGV (rail guided vehicles)s, the AS/RS (automated storage and retrieval system), the loading/unloading stations, and so on. Pallets play a critical role in the WFMS to maintain high system utilization and continuous work flow between 5-axis machining machines and automated material handling devices. The discrete event simulation method is used to evaluate the performance of the WFMS under various pallet mix alternatives for wing rib manufacturing processes. Four performance measures including system utilization, throughput, lead-time and work in process inventory level are investigated to determine the best pallet mix alternative. The best pallet mix identified by the simulation study is adopted in setting up and operating a real Korean aircraft parts manufacturing shop. By comparing the real WFMS's performances with those of the simulation study, we discussed the cause of performance difference observed and the necessity of developing the CPS (cyber physical system).

• Journal of international Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.78-82
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• 2014

Power Transformers with more than one secondary winding are not uncommon in industrial applications. But new classes of applications where very large number of independent secondaries are used are becoming popular in controlled converters for medium and high voltage applications. Cascade H-bridge medium voltage drives and Pulse Step Modulation (PSM) based high voltage power supplies are such applications. Regulated high voltage power supplies (Fig. 1) with 35-100 kV, 5-10 MW output range with very fast dynamics (${\mu}S$ order) uses such transformers. Such power supplies are widely used in fusion research. Here series connection of isolated voltage sources with conventional switching semiconductor devices is achieved by large number of separate transformers or by single unit of multi-secondary transformer. Naturally, a transformer having numbers of secondary windings (~40) on single core is the preferred solution due to space and cost considerations. For design and simulation analysis of such a power supply, the model of a multi-secondary transformer poses special problem to any circuit analysis software as many simulation softwares provide transformer models with limited number (3-6) of secondary windings. Multi-Secondary transformer models with 3 different schemes are available. A comparison of test results from a practical Multi-secondary transformer with a simulation model using magnetic component is found to describe the behavior closer to observed test results. Earlier models assumed magnetising inductance in a linear loss less core model although in actual it is saturable core made-up of CRGO steel laminations. This article discusses a more detailed representation of flux coupled magnetic model with saturable core properties to simulate actual transformers very close to its observed parameters in test and actual usage.