• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.24-29
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• 1986

하천수(河川水)의 중금속(重金屬) 오염현황(汚染現況)과 오염방지대책(汚染防止對策) 수립(樹立)에 필요(必要)한 기초자료(基礎資料)를 얻고져 대구시(大邱市)를 관류(貫流)하는 금호강(琴湖江) 및 그 지류(支流)들의 하천수(河川水)와 이를 관개용수(灌漑用水)로 사용(使用)하고 있는 지역(地域)의 토양(土壤) 및 작물체중(作物體中)의 Zn, Cu, Cd, 및 Pb 함량(含量)을 조사(調査)하였다. 금호강(琴湖江) 하천수(河川水)의 중금속(重金屬) 오염(汚染)은 도시하수(都市下水)가 흐르는 신천(新川) 및 달서천(達西川), 발업폐수(發業廢水)가 흐르는 공단천(工團川)에 기인(起因)하였다. 1982년(年) 12월(月)부터 1983년(年) 11월(月)까지 이들 3개(個) 하천수중(河川水中) 평균(平均) 중금속(重金屬) 함량(含量)은 신천(新川)이 Zn : 1.502, Cu : 0.230, Cd : 0.021, Pb : 0.009ppm, 공단천(工團川)이 Zn : 2.508, Cu : 0.502, Cd : 0.044, Pb : 0.031 ppm, 달서천(達西川)이 Zn : 0.631, Cu : 0.175, Cd : 0.012, Pb ; 0.016 ppm이었다. 금호강(琴湖江) 하천수(河川水)의 중금속(重金屬) 오염(汚染)이 가장 심하였던 지점(地點)의 토양(土壤)과 그 곳에서 생육(生育)한 작물체중(作物體中)의 중금속(重金屬) 함량(含量)이 높게 나타났는데 이는 하천수(河川水)의 오염(汚染)에 기인(起因)한 것으로 사료(思料)되며 토양(土壤)과 작물체중(作物體中)의 중금속함량(重金屬含量) 상호간(相互間)에는 고도(高度)의 유의성(有意性) 있는 정상관(正相關)을 나타내었다.

• 청정기술
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.31-33
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• 1997

Nitrate contamination in surface water and ground water have increased in Korea. This trend has raised concern because nitrates caused methemoglobinemia in infants. To remove nitrates from waters, various purification processes including ion-exchange, biological denitrification, and chemical denitrification are currently in use for the treatment of water. However, little economically advantageous process exists for the industrial scale treatment of effluents highly polluted with nitrates. A new process has been developed for nitrate and other salts removal from polluted waters. Alumina cement and lime served as precipitating agents to remove nitrate with stirring at basic pH. Decreasing alumina content in alumina cement result in a increasing in nitrate removal yield. Stable removal of nitrate(1000mg/L) was readily achieved by two-stage removal process.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.115-123
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• 1995

Most countries have problems regarding the quantity and quality of their fresh water resources, and many countries are suffering from the e(feces of pollution of their inland and coastal waters. Italy is one of the country in which water supply is extremely uneven, and there are wide areas where it represents a real emergencies during periods of drought. All the watershed's water resources, however, are subjected to considerable anthropogenic pressure such as organic load with heavy metals. The high values of organic materials are accounted for mainly by runoff and percolation waste water from urban and agricultural land extensively ma- nured with effluents (rom livestock farming, while high concentration of heavy metals are found in watersheds of national and interregional significance. More than 35% of the underground water bearing strata of certain basins are already contaminated by pollution boih industrial and agricultural pollutants. In these connection, the problems and new measures of water resources in Italy are overviewed.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.481-488
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• 1997

Microorganisms capable of degrading trlchloroethylene(TCEI using phenol as a induction substrate were isolated from industrial effluents and soil. The strain MS-64K which had the highest blodegradablllty was identified as the genus Micrococcus. The optimal conditions of medium for the growth and blodegadatlon of trlchloroethylene were observed as follows; the initial pH 7.0, trlchloroethylene 1, 000ppm as the carbon source, 0.2% ${(NH_4)}_2SO_4$, as the nitrogen source. respectively. Lag period and degradation time on optimal medium were shorter than those on Isolation medium. Growth on the optimal medium was Increased. Addition of 0.1% Triton X-100 Increased the growth rate of Micrococcus sp. MS-64K, but degradation was equal to optimal medium. Trlchloroethylene degradation by Micrococcus sp. MS-64K was shown to fit logarithmic model when the compound was added at initial concentration of 1, 000ppm.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제29권10호
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• pp.1932-1936
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• 2008

A new analytical method using 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol modified $SiO_2$ nanoparticles as solid-phase extractant has been developed for the preconcentration of trace amounts of mercury(II) in different water samples. Conditions of the analysis such as preconcentration time, effect of pH, sample volumes, shaking time, elution conditions and effects of interfering ions for the recovery of analyte were investigated. The adsorption capacity of nanometer $SiO_2$-PAN was found to be 260 ${\mu}molg^{-1}$ at optimum pH and the detection limit (3$\sigma$) was 0.48 ${\mu}gL^{-1}$. The extractant showed rapid kinetic sorption. The adsorption equilibrium of mercury(II) on nanometer $SiO_2$-PAN was achieved just in 5 mins. Adsorbed mercury(II) was easily eluted with 5 mL of 6 M hydrochloric acid. The maximum preconcentration factor was 50. The method was applied for the determination of trace amounts of mercury(II) in various water samples and industrial effluents.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.347-358
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• 1994

Estimation of durability for corrugated steel pipe(CSP) has been evaluated by using several analytical methods. This study, using a plain hot-dip galvanized CSP as the base line, addresses additional coatings such as polymers sand bituminous coatings that may be used to achieve a desired design life of at least 50years. The behavior of both the soil side and the effluent side of the pipe have been studied. It is estimated that CSP generally provides outstanding dura-bility with regard to soil side effects, and that virtually any required service life can be attained by selecting appropri-ate coatingss and/or thickness of steel substrate. This study is limited to storm drainage systemss carrying naturally oc-curring surface water only. The recommendation in this report do not apply to sanitary or industrial waste sewers or other conduits used to carry corrosive effluents.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.41-54
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• 2020

Industrialization and urbanization are modern need and trends. Such trends affect the natural ecosystem of rivers. Indian rivers face such problems in a high ratio. The aim of this study is to investigate the cause and amount of pollution in a tributary river Krishni. Pre-monsoon sampling of Krishni river water was performed as per APHA standard. Water samples were collected from different sites of Krishni river. Physiochemical parameters as well as trace elements concentrations have been analysed and results were compared with BIS-2012, WHO-2017 and EPA-2001 recommendations. The presence of high BOD, COD, TDS and others physiochemical parameters along with heavy metals reveals that tributary is highly polluted owing to industrial and domestic discharge either directly or through drains. High values of these parameters are harmful for the ecological health of the river because it makes survival of aquatic flora and fauna at risk. On the basis of the results obtained by the present study, it was concluded that level of the pollution in river Krishni is at alarming phase, where if strong action for the rejuvenation of river not takes place, river becomes a dead pool.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2015

Mercury is a toxic pollutants present in different types of industrial effluents and is responsible for environmental pollution. Removal of Hg(II) ions from synthetic wastewater was studied using the activated biocarbon produced from the leaves of Tridax procumbens (Asteraceae). The particle size of the biocarbon (BC) is in the range of $100-120{\mu}m$. The effects of initial metal ion concentration, pH, contact time, and amount of biocarbon on the biosorption process were studied at temperature of $28{\pm}2^{\circ}C$. Batch experimental studies showed that an equilibrium time of 160 min was required for the maximum removal of Hg(II) at the optimized biocarbon dose of 2.5 g per 100 mL of synthetic wastewater. The optimum pH required for maximum removal (96.5%) of Hg(II) ions was found to be 5.5. The biosorption of metal ions onto activated biocarbon surface is probably via an ion exchange mechanism. The biocarbon can be regenerated with minimum loss. Further, it can be reused without any chemical activation. The findings of the research suggested that, the biocarbon produced from cost effective renewable resources can be utilized for the treatment of industrial wastewater.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.80-86
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• 2014

Unlike to natural organic matters (NOMs), effluent organic matters (EfOMs) are not well understood due to their complexity and heterogeneity. In this study, EfOMs from sewage and industrial wastewater treatment effluents and Suwannee River NOM (SRNOM) were isolated into hydrophobic (HPO), transphilic (TPI) and hydrophilic (HPI) fractions. Specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA) and fluorescence excitation emission matrix (FEEM) analyses were used to characterize physicochemical properties. In addition, acute toxicity and oxidative stress to Daphnia magna were evaluated to characterize toxicological properties. EfOMs showed similar properties to microbially derived organic matters having low hydrophobicity, which are totally different from SRNOM having high hydrophobicity. Moreover, acute toxicity and antioxidant enzyme activity in D. magna was largely dependent on fraction types of EfOMs. These findings suggest that EfOMs have different physicochemical and toxicological properties compared with those of NOMs, which needs to be further identified with various sources of EfOMs.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.41-46
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• 1991

화학공장폐수가 유입되는 곳의 자연수에서 프탈산화합물을 탄소원으로 이용하여 성장하는 효모 3종을 분리하였는데, 형태학적 및 생화학적 특성의 연구결과 이들은 Candide sp., Rhodotorula sp., To-rulopsis sp. 로 동정되었다. 분리한 효모들은 프탈산화합물 뿐만 아니라 톨류엔 등 다수의 방향족화합물을 이용하여 성장하기에 화학공업의 발달로 인하여, 자연생태에 다량 유입, 축적되고 있는 난분해성 방향족화합물의 효율적 생분해 방법을 모색하는에 활용될 수 있으리라 추정되며, 따라서 이들 효모에 대한 다각적 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다.