• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.285-298
• /
• 2002

In Korea, no CRA (comparative risk analysis) studies have been undertaken, nor have their methodologies of such studies been established. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to establish the framework of CRA consisting of health risk, economic risk and perceived risk, and to estimate and compare these risks among the three environmental problems of air pollution, indoor air pollution and drinking water contamination, which are themselves subject to the eight sub -problems of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs), regulated pollutants (representative as PM 10) and dioxins (PCDDs/PCDFs) in air pollution, indoor air pollutants (IAPs) and radon in indoor air pollution, and drinking water pollutants (DWPs), disinfection by -products (DBPs) and radionuclides in drinking water contamination in Seoul, Korea. After which, the priorities of these problems were set by individual and integrated risk. From the results, the rankings of both health risk and economical risk were in the following order: radon, PM10, IAPs, HAPs, DWPs, dioxins, DBPs, and radionuclides among the eight sub problems. On the contrary, the ranking of perceived risk was in the following order: HAPs, dioxins, radionuclides, PM10, DWPs, IAPs, Radon and then DBPs among the eight sub-problems.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.374-383
• /
• 2012

In this study, we have observed the airborne radon levels in the subway cabins before and after platform screen doors (PSD) installation. The measurements have been conducted at Seoul metropolitan subway lines in 2008, 2009 and 2010. The mean concentration of the radon inside subway cabins were increased by approximately 53% from $20.1Bq/m^3$ to $30.8Bq/m^3$ by installing PSD. After PSD installation, measured values for the different lines were rather different, and varied between 8.2 and $76.5Bq/m^3$. And mean radon concentrations were in the decreasing order for subway lines 5, 6, 7, 8, 3, 4, 2, 9 and 1. It was also found that the indoor radon concentrations in the subway cabins were highly dependent on the management approach of a ventilation system at the subway stations. By assuming an average of $720\;h\;year^{-1}$ and $2,880\;h\;year^{-1}$ spent in subway cabin, effective doses to passengers and employee were estimated. The expected annual effective dose, in case of an equilibrium factor of 0.4, were $0.07mSv\;y^{-1}$ and $0.26mSv\;y^{-1}$, respectively.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
• /
• 2003.11a
• /
• pp.83-87
• /
• 2003

In recent days, IAQ(Indoor Air Quality) is regarded as one of the most important environmental factors as well as thermal and acoustic comfort. Various architectural materials are applied and air-tightness of the building is more strengthening to save energy consumption. This is why the air quality of the newly built houses became worse. In this study, contaminants(CO, CO$_2$, Radon, TVOCs, HCHO) density was measured in a newly built house and evaluation was carried out by ASHRAE and EPA Standards. As a result, CO, CO$_2$, TSP and Radon density of the newly built house was in a range of ASHRAE and EPA Standards, but it turned out TVOCs and HCHO density exceeds almost 3${\sim}$5 times in comparison with that of ASHRAE and EPA Standards.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.11 no.5
• /
• pp.297-302
• /
• 2017

Recently, building materials and air purification filters with eco-friendly charcoal are actively studying to reduce the concentration of radon gas in indoor air. In this study, radon reduction performance was assessed by designing and producing new panel-type activated carbon filter that can be handled more efficiently than conventional charcoal filters, which can reduce radon gas. For the fabrication of our panel-type activated carbon filter, first the pressed molding product after mixing activated carbon powder and polyurethane. Then, through diamond cutting, the activated carbon filter of 2 mm, 4 mm and 6 mm thickness were fabricated. To investigate the physical characteristics of the fabricated activated carbon filter, a surface area and flexural strength measurement was performed. In addition, to evaluate the reduction performance of radon gas in indoor, the radon concentration of before and after the filter passes from a constant amount of air flow using three acrylic chambers was measured, respectively. As a result, the surface area of the fabricated activated carbon was approximately $1,008m^2/g$ showing similar value to conventional products. Also, the flexural load was found to have three times higher value than the gypsum board with 435 N. Finally, the radon reduction efficiency from indoor gas improved as the thickness of the activated carbon increases, resulting in an excellent radon removal rate of more than 90 % in the 6 mm thick filter. From the experimental results, the panel-type activated carbon is considered to be available as an eco-friendly building material to reduce radon gas in an enclosed indoor environment.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
• /
• 2003.10a
• /
• pp.169-169
• /
• 2003

In Korea, there is no CRA studies and has not well known CRA and not well established their methodologies. Therefore, objectives of this study is to establish the framework of CRA consisting of health risk, economic risk and perceived risk and the detail methodologies of three main component of estimating and comparing those risks for on the three environmental problems of air pollution, indoor air pollution and drinking water contamination which being subjective to the eight sub-problems of hazardous ai. pollutants (HAPs), regulated pollutants (representative as PM10) and Dioxins (PCDDS/ PCDFs) in air pollution, and indoor ai. pollutants (IAPs) and Radon in indoor air pollution, and drinking water pollutants (DWPs), disinfection-by- products(DBPs) and radionuclides in drinking water contamination in Seoul, Korea. And then, their problems set priorities by individual and integrated risk. As a results, ranking of health risk were the following order of indoor air pollution, air pollution and then drinking water contamination, in three environmental problems and of radon, PM10, IAPs, HAPs, DWPs, Dioxins, DBPs, and then radionuclides in eight sub-problems. And that of economic risk were the same order. In the contrary, ranking of perceived risk were the following order of air pollution, drinking water contamination, and then indoor air pollution, and of HAPs, Dioxins, radionuclides, PM10, DWPs, IAPs, Radon and then DBPs.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 1991

Effective dose equivalents resulting from inhalation of indoor radon-222 daughters at 12 residential areas in Korea were assessed by a simple mathematical lung dosimetry model based on the measurements of long-term averaged radon concentrations at 340 dwellings. The long-term averaged indoor radon-222 concentrations and corresponding eqilibrium equivalent radon $concentration(EEC_{Rn})$ measured by passive time-integrating CR-39 radon cups are in the range of $33.82{\sim}61.42Bq/m^3(median\;:\;48.90Bq/m^3)$ and of $13.53{\sim}24.57Bq/m^3(median\;:\;19.55Bq/m^3)$, respectively. The effective dose equvalent conversion factor for the exposure to unit $EEC_{Rn}$ derived in this study was estimated $1.07{\times}10^{-5}mSv/Bq\;h\;m^{-3}$ for a reference adult and agreed well with those recommended by the ICRP and UNSCEAR. The annual average dose equivalent to the lung $(H_{LUNG})$ from inhalation exposure to measured $EEC_{Rn}$ was estimated to be 20.90 mSv and resulting effective dose $equivalent(H_E)$ was to be 1.25 mSv, which is about 50% of the natural radiation exposure of 2.40 mSv/y to the public reported by the UNSCEAR.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
• /
• 2004.05a
• /
• pp.148-149
• /
• 2004

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
• /
• v.29 no.5
• /
• pp.32-40
• /
• 1996

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
• /
• 1999.11a
• /
• pp.407-408
• /
• 1999

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
• /
• 2001.10a
• /
• pp.298.2-298
• /
• 2001