• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.970-975
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• 2008

This study considers indoor thermal comfort in an ondol space by supply vent configurations to prevent cold draft in winter. A specially-designed vent cap has been investigated in comparison with a round pan-type vent and a simple opening without a cap. Numerical simulations have been conducted using CFD to analyze thermal comfort indices such as Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and Effective Draft Temperature (EDT) as well as air distribution index i.e. Air Diffusion Performance Index (ADPI). Results show the new vent cap provides improved thermal comfort conditions especially near ondol heated floor, as the cold outdoor air spreads upwards along the vertical wall before reaching occupant region near floor. This paper includes discussions on the flow and comfort distributions created by the thermal jets from the vents.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.51-56
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• 2003

All the outdoor and indoor spaces are connected with each other. The human being moves toward those spaces with temperature fluctuation between the natural and artificial temperature. We conducted an experiment which subjects were wearing the data logger in urban life, and measured 24 hours' exposed temperature and thermal comfort in summer. Results were as follows. 1. Subjects controls their micro climate like this. Most of them(84.6%) get weather information. Fashion(46.2%) and weather(30.8%) are the reasons to select clothes. They spend their time in indoor environment for 84.92% hours of a day and have an air-conditioner(61.5%) in their houses. 2. Temperature fluctuation which subjects were exposed for 24 hours were from 15.6$^{\circ}C$ to 33.8$^{\circ}C$ and average fluctuation was 9.02$^{\circ}C$. The median value of experienced temperature were 26-26.5$^{\circ}C$ and average temperature was 26.18$^{\circ}C$. They experienced cold shock of 3.96 times in a day.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.88-93
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to examine theory about indoor thermal comfort-environment as well as to determine thermal sensation and physical responses for men in summer and winter indoor environment, under various air temperature and relative humidity, with male university students. Subjective Evaluation, Heart rate(Electrocardiogram, ECG), Electroencephalo gram(EEG) were examined. We found that comfort of people was achieved at SET*. 24.7$^{\circ}C$, -0.82${\alpha}$-wave) both in summer and in winter.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.890-896
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• 2002

Purpose of this study is to clarify the evaluation of thermal comfort based on temperature differences between outdoor and indoor thermal conditions in summer. The experiments were performed to evaluate temperature difference between indoor and outdoor thermal conditions (29, 31, $33^{\circ}$) by physiological and psychological responses of human. According to physiological responses, TSV (thermal sensation vote) and CSV (comfort sensation vote) and psychological responses, ECG (electrocardiogram), MST (mean skin temperature) of human, it was clear that the optimum temperature difference is about $5^{\circ})\;and\;7^{\circ}$).

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.15-22
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyse the effects of air conditioned room controlled by PMV(Predicted Mean Vote)for energy consumption and human comfort in office building. The 'EnergyPlus' was used for the evaluation of indoor thermal environment and energy consumption by the controls of room temperature and PMV. The result indicates that the PMV control could prove more profitable method for improvement of indoor thermal environment and energy conservation. Consequently, PMV control has a distinct advantage over most other control methods. An additional study is required to establish the various thermal comfort control for rooms on the basis of this work.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.324-329
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• 2008

Recently with the demand of well-being is increased, the demand for indoor thermal environment and air quality is increased. According to this circumstance, many people in Korea note the traditional architecture that is made by natural materials, such as a soil, stone and wood. However, few researches regarding the indoor thermal environmental characteristics of the Korean traditional houses is reported. In this study we analyzed the indoor thermal environment for Han-ok through field measurement. Moreover, based on the field measurement results. indoor thermal comfort in Han-ok is analyzed.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.227-231
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• 2018

Indoor air pollution has become a serious issue, affecting the health and comfort of building occupants. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are among the most common indoor contaminants, and are released from numerous indoor emission sources. Among the VOCs, formaldehyde and toluene are toxic chemicals at low levels and are frequently detected indoors. Exposure to formaldehyde and toluene can irritate sensitive tissue and may increase the risk of cancer. Therefore, monitoring formaldehyde and toluene is critical for the health and comfort of residents. In addition, as human indoor activities can generate VOC gases, analysis of their influence on VOCs is needed. In this study, we compared electronic nose (E-Nose) data for formaldehyde and toluene with E-Nose data for indoor mixture gas with consideration for human indoor activities.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.203-210
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• 2004

This dissertation identifies and investigates the possible control modes of hybrid ventilation system in applying to general apartments. It evaluates range of hybrid ventilation control modes in terms of indoor air quality, thermal comfort, and energy consumption in a living room and a kitchen of the $1000m^2$ apartment. The TRNSYS simulation program was used for evaluating the following four ventilation types : A ventilation mode relying on only infiltration for supplying air, A natural ventilation mode considering with weather condition, A hybrid ventilation (natural + mechanical ventilation) mode allowing minimum ventilation with no heat exchange, and a hybrid ventilation mode with heat exchange. This study shows the following results. As temperature being controlled by heating cooling equipments, there is without significant difference in thermal performance among ventilation types. Regarding Indoor Air quality, Indoor air contamination level of the hybrid ventilation case consistently keep the lower levels. The hybrid ventilation modes consume more energy by a 49% as compared to the A ventilation mode relying on only infiltration for supplying air. It is caused by the continuous ventilation for keeping good indoor air quality; the increase of energy consumption can be attributable to the increase of the heating energy. Therefore, the heat exchange between indoor and outdoor air is required during heating season in severe weather conditions. During the cooling seasons, Introducing natural ventilation can achieve energy saving by 40 ~ 45%. Thus, it can be an effective strategies for energy saving. Based on these results, a hybrid ventilation system can be suggested as an effective ventilation strategy for archiving high level of indoor air quality, thermal comfort, and energy consumption.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.38 no.9
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• pp.979-988
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• 2014

Recently, the interest in the thermal comfort is ever increasing as the time people stay in the automobile is gradually increasing. So far, however, the cooling performance of the HVAC(heating and ventilation air conditioning) system is evaluated by thermal environment criteria such as indoor air velocity and temperature, not by a thermal comfort index. Furthermore, the precise criteria has not been established yet when the thermal comfort for the automobile is evaluated using numerical analysis. In this study, the numerical analysis of automobile indoor thermal comfort according to various parameters such as HVAC operating mode, airflow, passenger boarding conditions is performed during the HVAC system's initial operating time(20 minutes). The solar ray tracing model and S2S radiation model are used and validated to simulate an external heat source. Based on this study, an evaluation model which can predict the thermal comfort index for the combination of the above parameters is presented.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.10-20
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• 2018

Buildings are responsible of major energy consumption globally. In addition, they are linked to thermal comfort. The need to provide comfort becomes more crucial in schools as they are the place where students learn, and develop their skills. This research aims to investigate the energy responsiveness of new and traditional school building design, where major variation in form, amount of external walls and glazing are different. The research focused on indoor microclimate condition of selected schools in the city of Jeddah where the climate is hot and humid using advanced tools for monitoring. The research uses advanced energy equipment to measure several aspects such as floor temperature, roof temperature, globe temperature and other factors which can lead to predictable thermal comfort of users. The findings suggest that a larger area of glazing shielded from sunlight has a greater influence on both indoor condition and general thermal sensation. The finding also suggests that the glazing ratio is a major contributor on indoor thermal pattern which can result in an increase in temperature profile between from $7-10^{\circ}C$. The findings of this research can assist in the improvement in the design of the prototype school building in hot and humid climate.