• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.43-48
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• 1996

Indoor air quality(IAQ) in museum is very important for protection of cultural properties. In our study, we measured air pollutants($NO_x, NH_3, SO_2, O_3$, CO, $CO_2$, TSP), temperature and humidity to evaluate IAQ of national central museum. Indoor carbon dioxide and TSP concentrations were higher than outdoor concentrations. Temperature, huinidity and TSP had large deviation depending on air conditioning operates or not. Indoor gas phase pollutants except $CO_2$ were lower than outdoor concentrations, but $SO_2$ concentration was high in storage. $CO_2$ and TSP were influenced by the number of spectators.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.142-148
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to suggest the effective ventilation strategies and control methods that can minimize energy cost maintaining acceptable IAQ level in apartment house. The effects of the air-cleaning and heat-recovery ventilation system on IAQ under various operating conditions are investigated based on the experimental and CFD analyzed results. The results can be summarized as follows. (1) When a ventilator is not operated, the concentration of several pollutants may highly show in the house even though environment-friendly building materials are applied. Therefore, a mechanical ventilation system is required to obtain proper ventilation. (2) The pollutant concentration is noticeably deceased under air-cleaning/ventilation mode of air-clinic system, however, pollutant of kitchen is stagnant, because fresh air is not carried into the kitchen. (3) When air-clinic system is only equipped at master bedroom and living room, the system does not effectively deliver fresh air throughout the whole house, and then high pollutant concentration is obtained in each room. In contrast the average pollutant concentration meets the guideline when air-clinic system is installed at each room. (4) The air-cleaning/ventilation mode significantly affects on room ventilation in comparison with ventilation mode only.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.87-108
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• 2018

Schools are one of the critical social infrastructures in a society, the first place for social activity and the most important indoor environment for children besides the home. Poor IAQ in classrooms can increase the chance of long-term and short-term health problems for students and staffs; affects productivity of teachers; and degrade the student learning environment and comfort levels. The primary objective of this paper is to review and summarize available scientific evidence on indoor air quality of schools and related health effects in children. It was found that the indoor air pollutant levels in school buildings varied over a wide range in different parts of the world depending on site characteristics, climatic conditions, outdoor pollution levels, occupant activities, ventilation type and building practices. Among the indoor air pollutants, particulate matter concentrations were found to be very high in many schools. Outdoor pollutant sources also play a major role in affecting the IAQ of the school building. Hence, scientific knowledge on sources of indoor pollutants, quantification of emissions, temporal and spatial dispersion of pollutants, toxicological properties, chemical and morphological characteristics of the pollutants and associated health risk among children in the school buildings are essential to evaluate the adequacy and cost effectiveness of control strategies for mitigating the IAQ issues.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.61-69
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• 2011

Perceived air quality (PAQ) is defined as evaluation of indoor air satisfaction and comfortable sensory by occupants. However, there are differences between criteria of indoor pollutants and lowest sensory thresholds. In this study, we compared indoor PAQ by questionnaire with measured benzene, toluene and nitrogen dioxide ($NO_2$) concentrations in home indoors. The $NO_2$ concentration was the highest in Seoul, while benzene and toluene were the highest in Asan. Average PAQ score in winter was higher than that in summer. Significant correlations between PAQs of home indoor air pollution and measured pollutant concentrations were not shown and correlation coefficients (r) ranged between -0.453

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.27-32
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• 1987

As part of an air pollution epidemiological study of asthmatics residing in the Houston area, an air monitoring system provided data on the indoor and outdoor measurements of major pollutant gases sampled at selected residences during May ~ October 1981. Continuously monitored pollutant gases included sulfur dioxide ($SO_2$), nitrogen dioxide($NO_2$), nitric oxide(NO), carbon monoxide(CO), and ozone($O_3$). Outdoor levels for each pollutant were compared with their indoor levels(bedroom, kitchen, living room). Mean concentrations of each pollutant in the kitchen, and living room exceeded the mean levels outside except for ozone, while average bedroom levels for all gases except for $O_3$ and $NO_2$ were found higher than the corresponding outside levels. Indoor/ outdoor ratios for $SO_2$, NO, and CO were 1.8 ~ 2.7 times the outdoor levels, but indoor/ outdoor ratios for $NO_2$ and $O_3$ were 0.99 and 0.06, respectively. The impact of several important household characteristics (type of cooking fuel and cigarette smoking) on the indoor levels for these gases is evaluated.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.7-16
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• 2003

The transfer of air pollutants between passenger room and service room in train are investigated by the computational analysis. The effects of service room temperature, inlet velocity, initial concentration and heating are studied. The flow induced by the difference of density between two rooms is found to take the major role in transfer of polluted air. Low temperature of service room enhances the polluted air flow into passenger room along the floor. Exhaust fan above the door between two rooms is not effective for this case. Strong inlet flow is found to suppress polluted air flow from service room. The heating of passenger room can promote air pollution.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.71-76
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• 2002

Recently, much attention has been paid to the problem such as sick building syndrome, which caused by the air pollutant indoor. In addition, Volatile Organic Compounds(VOCs) has been paid attention to as one of the main reason that causes air pollutant indoor, and the exposure of VOCs indoor is recognizes as an important factor which have an effect on the health of resident. In this study, measuring of VOCs in newly houses, and the results are as follows; 1)TVOC(Total Volatile Organic Compounds) indoor is detected high concentration(11314$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎤). 2)There are detected acetaldehyde, methylenechloride, benzene, trichloroethylene and styrene that have to take precaution against human carcinogenicity

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.508-516
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• 2010

An efficient code has been developed to predict dispersion of indoor air pollutants The computing capability of the code has been compared with that of a commercial code inn a benchmark test. After that, the code has been employed to compute dispersion of a pollutant released from a new furniture, a kind of Sick Building Syndrome (SBS). A sofa which generates formaldehyde is implemented by using an immersed boundary method. Large Eddy Simulation (LES) is employed to obtain time-dependent velocity and scalar fields. LES has bee regarded as an academic tool, but the newly-developed code reveals a possibility of application of LES to practical problems, especially dispersion of indoor pollutants.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.14 no.E
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• pp.1-7
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• 1998

This paper presents an experimental study for understanding the indoor air quality in a room. A model room, which had a ceiling-mounted supply and a sidewall-mounted exhaust, was used to examine the effect of air exchange rate (AER) and contaminant source location (CSL) as a function of the elapsed time. A tracer gas method, using carbon monoxide tracer, gas analyzers, and a data acquisition system, was applied to study the ventilation air distribution and the tracer removal efficiency, so-called pollutant removal efficiency, in the model room. The experiment was composed of two parts; firstly the AER was varied to examine its effect on the ventilation air distribution and the ventilation effectiveness and secondly both AER and CSL were considered to determine their effect on the pollutant removal efficiency. It was found that the ventilation effectiveness in the model was proportional to AER but not linearly. It was also found that changing the CSL can improve the pollutant removal efficiency. In some cases, the efficiency improvement by increasing AER was achieved by simply changing CSL.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.99-105
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• 2022

Public attention to the indoor environment of underground subway stations, which is a representative multi-use facility, has been increasing along with the increase in indoor activities. In underground stations, fine iron oxide, which affects the health of users, is generated because of the friction between wheels and rails. Among particulate pollutant reduction technologies, plants have been considered as a non-chemical air purification method, and their effects in reducing certain chemical species have been identified in previous studies. The present study aimed to derive the total quantitative and qualitative reduction effects of a bio-filter system comprising air purifying plants, installed in an underground subway station. The experiment proceeded in two ways. First, PM(particulate matter) reduction effect by vegetation biofilter was monitored with the IAQ(indoor air quality) station. In addition, chemical speciation analysis conducted on the samples collected from the experimental and control areas where plants and irrigation using SEM-EDS(scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy). This study confirmed the effect of the vegetation bio-filter system in reducing the accumulation of particulate pollutants and transition and other metals that are harmful to the human body.