• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.15-21
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• 2015

Anaerobic biodegradation of diesel with coexisting heavy metals (Pb) was monitored in batch mode. Two different groups of the indigenous bacteria from a site contaminated with diesel and lead were used in this research: the first group was composed of a single species and the second group was composed of several species. The effect of heavy metals on the microbial population was monitored and confirmed the biodegradation mechanism in each combined contaminant. Growth of the microorganisms in 21 days was observed Diesel > Diesel + Pb > Diesel + Cu > Diesel + Pb + Cu > Diesel + Cr > Diesel + Pb + Cr. Indigenous microorganisms showed the adaptation in the Pb contaminate. Interactive toxic effect using AMES test observed larger synergistic effect than antagonistic in Diesel + Cr and Diesel + Pb + Cr. Therefore, the main effects of diesel biodegradation in the present of heavy metals are likely to exist other factors as well as toxic of heavy metals. This is a necessary part of the future studies.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.101-116
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• 2022

The harvesting season of lompa fish, Thryssa baelama, through sasi, indigenous knowledge in resources management, in Haruku Village has become a socio-cultural event that attracts many people. The sasi of lompa fish has been conducted for hundreds of years. Information on the bioecology aspect of lompa fish is limited, while this information is crucial for lompa fish sustainability through the sasi approach. This study aimed to investigate some population parameters of lompa fish, its sustainability status, and proposed a sustainable management strategy for the lompa fishery of Haruku Village. Fish population parameter covers length-weight relationship, growth pattern, size distribution, sex ratio, and the body condition index. The sustainability status was assessed following the Rapfish approach. Fisheries management strategy was performed using a conceptual model framework based on Driver Pressure State Impact Response. The research shows that the total length varies between 9.2-14.3 cm. A high relationship was found between total length and weight, and the growth pattern was an allometric negative. There was a difference in sex ratio between males and females, with females dominant. The body condition index varies over time, probably due to reproductive status. The overall sustainability status was at fair condition (61.60%), with the ecological domain having the highest sustainable status (71.07%) and considered sustain. In comparison, the technological domain had the lowest sustainability status (52.58%) and was considered fair sustain. There were seven management strategies proposed for sustainable management for the lompa fishery.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.478-483
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• 2008

Records of a Northeastern Thai indigenous cattle line population were used to estimate genetic parameters and annual trends for calf weights. The data set comprised records of 1,922 and 1,489 animals for birth and weaning weight, respectively born from 1993 to 2004. A bivariate analysis was carried out for variance and covariance components estimations using average information restricted maximum likelihood procedure. Average estimated breeding value and maternal breeding value of the animals born in 1993 were set to zero as a base group. Genetic trends of each trait were calculated by regressing average estimated breeding values and maternal breeding values on birth year of calves. Phenotypic trends for each trait were calculated by regressing the yearly adjusted weight on birth year of calves. The results revealed that the estimate of direct heritability, maternal heritability and maternal permanent environmental variance as a proportion of phenotypic variance for birth and weaning weight was 0.40, 0.14 and 0.04; 0.27, 0.05 and 0.23, respectively. Direct heritability was moderately heritable and genetic improvement through selection can be achieved. The estimate of phenotypic, direct genetic, maternal genetic and maternal permanent environmental correlation between birth and weaning weight was 0.48, 0.65, 0.98 and 0.73, respectively. The phenotypic trend, genetic trends of estimated breeding value and maternal breeding value for birth weight was 0.18, 0.04 and 0.01 kg/year, respectively. The phenotypic trend, genetic trends of estimated breeding value and maternal breeding value for weaning weight was -1.36, 0.32 and 0.03 kg/year, respectively. As maternal genetic effect was considerably less important than direct genetic effect, selection for improved weaning weight of this Northeastern Thai indigenous cattle line can place more emphasis on the direct genetic effect.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.3279-3283
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• 2015

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common gastrointestinal cancer and the incidence is increasing. CRC is more common with increasing age, but a proportion occurs in young adults, termed young CRC. This study assessed the incidence and the demographic of young CRC in Brunei Darussalam. Materials and Methods: All histologically proven CRC between 1986 and 2014 registered with the Department of Pathology cancer registry were reviewed and data extracted for analyses. Young CRC was defined as cancer in patients aged less than 45 years. The various population groups were categorized into locals (Malays, Chinese and Indigenous) and expatriates. Results: Over the study period, there were 1,126 histologically proven CRC (mean age $59.1{\pm}14.7$ years, Male 58.0%, Locals 91.8% and 8.2% expatriates). Young CRC accounted for 15.1% with the proportion declining over the years, from 29% (1986-1990) to 13.2% (2011-2014). The proportion of young CRC was highest among the indigenous (30.8%), followed by the expatriates (29.3%), Malays (14.3%) and lowest among the Chinese (10.8%). The mean age of young CRC was $35.9{\pm}6.2$; lowest among the indigenous ($33.5{\pm}6.7$), expatriate ($34.9{\pm}6.0$) groupd and the Malays ($35.6{\pm}6.5$) compared to the Chinese ($38.6{\pm}4.6$), a similar trend being observed in the non-young CRC groups. There were no difference between the genders and tumor locations (rectum or colon) between the young and the non-young CRC cases. Female young CRC was significantly younger than male (p<0.05) without any significant variation between the various population groups (p>0.05). Conclusions: Our study showed that the young CRC accounted for 15.1% of all CRC with declining trend observed over recent years. Young CRC was more common among indigenous, expatriates and Malays and least common among the Chinese. There were no differences in the gender and tumor locations.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.10
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• pp.1501-1510
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• 2019

Objective: An experiment was conducted to evaluate genetic diversity of 26 Chinese indigenous goats by 30 microsatellite markers, and then to define conservation priorities to set up the protection programs according to the weight given to within- and between-breed genetic diversity. Methods: Twenty-six representative populations of Chinese indigenous goats, 1,351 total, were sampled from different geographic regions of China. Within-breed genetic diversity and marker polymorphism were estimated calculating the mean number of alleles, observed heterozygosities, expected heterozygosities, fixation index, effective number of alleles and allelic richness. Conservation priorities were analyzed by statistical methods. Results: A relatively high level of genetic diversity was found in twenty-four population; the exceptions were in the Daiyun and Fuqing goat populations. Within-breed kinship coefficient matrices identified seven highly inbred breeds which should be of concern. Of these, six breeds receive a negative contribution to heterozygosity when the method was based on proportional contribution to heterozygosity. Based on Weitzman or Piyasatian and Kinghorn methods, the breeds distant from others i.e. Inner Mongolia Cashmere goat, Chengdu Brown goat and Leizhou goat obtain a high ranking. Evidence from Caballero and Toro and Fabuel et al method prioritized Jining Gray goat, Liaoning Cashmere goat, and Inner Mongolia Cashmere goat, which agree with results from Kinship-based methods. Conclusion: Conservation priorities were determined according to multiple methods. Our results suggest Inner Mongolia Cashmere goat (most methods), Jining Gray goat and Liaoning Cashmere goat (high contribution to heterozygosity and total diversity) should be prioritized based on most methods. Furthermore, Daiyun goat and Shannan White goat also should be prioritized based on consideration of effective population size. However, if one breed can continually survive under changing conditions, the straightforward approach would be to increase its utilization and attraction for production via mining breed germplasm characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.311-317
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• 2007

This study was conducted to determine the geographical distribution and habitat for Rana catesbeiana and Trachemys scripta elegans in order to obtain the current basic data on biota needed for establishing a database on non-indigenous species(NIS) in Jeju-do and to develop management plans applicable to Jeju, starting from March 2005 until May 2006. As a result of an inspection, it was found that the habitat for R. catesbeiana in Jeju includes Hankyeong-myeon, Daejeong-eup, and Ahndeok-myeon. These areas are all located on the western side of Jeju-do, and considered to have favorable conditions for R. catesbeiana to inhabit. Thus, it is unlikely that the population of R. catesbeiana will possibly decrease; what's worse, there exists even a risk that it could not only expand to other regions but also do damage to the population of native insecta, fishes, amphibians and reptiles, so this terrible species ought to be exterminated. More than 92 individuals of T. scripta elegans species were found to inhabit in 15 ponds around Jeju Island. T. scripta elegans. as the topmost predator, could destruct the pond ecosystem, and also cause a problem of water pollution due to its excrement. Counter-measures against T. scripta elegans could include publicity activities encouraging self-control of the release of captive T. scripta elegans, extermination plans using its ecological habits, and sign-posting publicizing its hazard to healthy ecosystem at the areas with high population density of T. scripta elegans or at its habitats with high foot traffic, together with the continuous management of NIS(none-indigenous species).

• Women's Studies Review
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.3-36
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• 2010

This paper is based on the certain point that 'the indigenous', which have long been occupied by the Asian patriarchy or the local communities, now calls for the repositioning in the feminist context. 'The indigenous', in one part, generally refer to the matured long-standing traditions and practices of certain regional, or local communities, as a mode of a place specific way of endowing the world with integral meaning. In the narrow definition, it points to the particular form of placed based knowledge for survival, for example, the useful knowledge of a population who have lived experiences of the environment. In the other part, 'the indigenous' could be criticized in the gender perspectives because it has been served as an ideological tool for patriarchy and sexism, which have undermined women's body and subjectivity in the name of the Asian traditional community. That's why the feminists with sensitivity to the discourses of it, may perceive it very differently, still hesitating dealing with the problem. However, even if there are tendencies that the conservatives romanticize local traditions and essentialize 'the indigenous', as it were, it does not exist 'out there'. Then, it could be scrutinized in the contemporary context which, especially, needs to seek the possibility towards the alternatively post - develope mental knowledge system. In the face of global economic crisis which might be resulted from the instrumentalized or fragmented knowledge production system, it's holistic conceptions that human, society, and nature should not be isolated from each other. is able to give an insightful thinking. It will work in the restraint condition that we reconceptualize the indigenous knowledge not as an unchanging artefact of a timeless culture, but as a dynamic, living and culturally meaningful system towards the ecofeminstic indigenous knowledge. And then, indigenous renaissance phenomena which empower non-western culture and knowledge system and generate increased consciousness of cultural membership. Thus, this paper argues that the indigenous knowledges which have been underestimated in the western-centered knowledge-power relations, could be reconstructed as a potential resources of ecological civility transnationally which reconnect individuals and societies with nature.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.157-165
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• 1986

This experiment was conducted to find out the some physiological characteristics and nitrogen fixation activities under free-living conditions of indigenous rhizobia isolated from soybean-cultivated (30 fields) and un-cultivated (30 fields) soil. The results were summerized as follows: 1. In free-living condition, only 12.8% and 6.4% of the indigenous rhizobia isolated from soybean cultivated (133 strains) and un-cultivated (125 strains) soils were nitrogenase positive as more than 4 n mole $C_2H_4$ per tube per hour by acetylene reduction assay. 2. The acid-producing rhizobia on litmus milk test was observed to be 20% of the total 160 strains isolated from soybean cultivated soil but about 34% of 166 strains isolated from un-cultivated soil. And the serum zone positive strains were higher in the soybean un-cultivated soil than cultivated soil. 3. The population ratio of fast-to slow-growing indigenous rhizobia based on growth pattern of AMA medium was 35.6% to 64.4% of the total 346 strains. 4. The population of indigenous Rhizobium japonicum counted by MPN method was ranged from $9.2{\times}10^2$ cells per gram of soil in soybean un-cultivated soil to $2.3{\times}10^4$ cells per gram of soil soybean cultivated soil. The number of indigenous R. japonicum in 0-10cm depth of surface layer was higher than low layer.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.367-376
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• 2016

Urban greenery is an important component of urban environment and is fast gaining prominence especially in the developing countries. The destruction of urban trees has resulted to the degradation of the environment, thus the introduction of green Kumasi project by Kumasi Metropolitan Assembly, Ashanti Region of Ghana. The composition and diversity of urban trees gives rise to adequate management and monitoring, thus an inventory of urban trees of the Metropolis was conducted to document complete information on its density, diversity, composition and distribution. A total tree population of 1,101 was enumerated in the principal roads of the Metropolis. The ten most encountered tree species accounted for 61.04% of all the individual tree populations with Mangifera indica being dominant. The dominant families: Fabaceae, Moraceae and Arecaceae constitute 38.57% of the tree population. Diversity of the tree species was very high. The minimum diversity criteria were met on analysis of the diversity of this population. The proportion of exotic species was high with 65.71% of the trees belonging to the introduced species. It is recommended that greater emphasis should be placed on the planting of indigenous trees in future tree planting exercise.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.562-573
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• 2017

Some symbiotic characteristics of native Korean Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae were analysed to get some informations desirable for cultivation of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) using its symbiont in Korea. The size of indigenous populations of R. leguminosarum biovar viciae was higher in seven upland soils showing $1.7{\times}10^2{\sim}5.8{\times}10^4cells\;g{\cdot}soil^{-1}$, which appeared to be 10% and 37% higher for cultivated and uncultivated soils of hairy vetch, respectively, than seven paddy soils with $1.7{\times}10^2{\sim}1.7{\times}10^4cells\;g{\cdot}soil^{-1}$. In symbiotic potentials, however, the yields of hairy vetch treated with 10-fold-diluted ($10^{-1}$) inoculum and 1000-fold-diluted ($10^{-3}$) one was 11.2% and 8.8% more, respectively, in paddy than upland. Hairy vetch inoculated with either strain KHR 106 from Sacheon or strain KHR 120 from Yesan among native Korean R. leguminosarum biovar viciae isolates was of similar yield increment of 16% (p < 0.05) in upland soils with native R. leguminosarum biovar viciae of $5.8{\times}10cells\;g{\cdot}soil^{-1}$. In case of coinoculation of the two strains, however, the yields was not significantly increased. In especial, isolate KHR 106, KHR 120, and KHR 122 from Suwon, which has also good symbiotic effectiveness, showed different protein profile patterns each other. As a result, hairy vetch is possibly able to use atmospheric nitrogen through symbiotic relationship with diverse native R. leguminosarum biovar viciae in Korean arable lands. For safe and good production of hairy, however, the use of superior strains with high symbiotic effectiveness and competitiveness will be desirable.