• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.533-539
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• 2023

This article reviews a few academic discussions in our geological society. The author presents his opinion on the discussions regarding the ages of the Okcheon Group, Myogog Formation, and hominid footprints of the Jeju Island, as well as on the inaccurate reportage in mass media. The academia advances via healthy debates and discussions. The arguments for and against Darwin's "Origin of Species" and scientific debates regarding Wegener's "Continental Drift Hypothesis" are well known. In academic debates or discussions, authority should not be involved in any form. Academic research should be conducted based on scientific principles and evidence-free of personal preferences or other nonacademic factors. Opponents should challenge with scientific approaches, suggesting alternatives based on science. Opposition without scientific basis is not productive in conducting academic research in search of scientific truth. Often, the news media delivers inaccurate information to the public-intentionally or unintentionally. There must be a mechanism to immediately identify and rectify inaccurate, false, or fake information for the benefit of the public and the credibility of the news media.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.30 no.1A
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• pp.55-61
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• 2005

Mobile communication systems are required not only to support high-data-rate transmissions in favorable channel conditions but also to be able to tolerate hostile environments possibly encountered by cellular communications. This paper compares CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access), OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing), and MC-CDMA(Multi-Carrier CDMA)with inaccurate channel estimates and low SNR environments. The equations and simulation results show that the performance losses in CDMA systems due to imprecise channel estimates are not considerable while frequency-hopping of OFDM systems can result in more than l0dB SNR losses. Also, this paper show that frequency-spreading of MC-CDMA can be very helpful for channel compensation performances than frequency-hopping or time-spreading of OFDM.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.132-140
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• 2007

The quality of the camera image is worse than that of the scanner image because of lighting variation and inaccurate focus. This paper proposes a binarization method for camera-based document recognition, which is tolerant to low-quality camera images. Based on an existing method reported to be effective in previous evaluations, we enhanced the adaptability to the image with a low contrast due to low intensity and inaccurate focus. Furthermore, applying an additional small-size window in the binarization process, it is effective to extract the fine detail of character structure, which is often degraded by conventional methods. In experiments, we applied the proposed method as well as other methods to a document recognizer and compared the performance for many cm images. The result showed the proposed method is effective for recognition of document images captured by the camera.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.10 no.5 s.23
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• pp.75-80
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• 2002

Depending upon geographical features and surrounding errors in the survey field, inaccurate positioning is inevitable in a kinematic DGPs survey. Therefore, a data inaccuracy detection algorithm and an interpolation algorithm are essential to meet the requirement of a digital map. In this study, GPS characteristics are taken into account to develop the data inaccuracy detection algorithm. Then, the data interpolation algothim is obtained, based on the feature type of the survey. A digital map for 20km of a rural highway is produced by the kinematic DGPS survey and the features of interests are lines associated with the road. Since the vertical variation of GPS data is relatively higher, the trimmed mean of vertical variation is used as criteria of the inaccuracy detection. Four cases of 0.5%, 1%, 2.5% and 5% trimmings have been experimented. Criteria of four cases are 69cm, 65cm, 61cm and 42cm, respectively. For the feature of a curved line, cublic spine interpolation is used to correct the inaccurate data. When the feature is more or less a straight line, the interpolation has been done by a linear polynomial. Difference between the actual distance and the interpolated distance are few centimeters in RMS.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.488-493
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• 2007

In general, recommendation systems quantify real-time context information obtained in the stage of collaborative filtering and use quantified context information in order to recommend services. But the recommendation systems can have problems of recommending inaccurate information because of lack of context information or classifying users into inaccurate groups because of simple classification works in the stage of quantification. In this paper, we solved the problems of lack of context information obtained in real-time by combining users' profile information used in the contents-based filtering and context information obtained in real-time. In addition, we tried collaborative filtering at the quantification stage by improving absolute classification methods to relative ones. As the result of experiments, this method improved prediction preference by 5.8% than real-time recommendation systems using context information in pure P2P environment.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.99-105
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• 2017

Generally, stereo matching methods are used to estimate depth information based on color and spatial similarity. However, most depth estimation methods suffer from the occlusion region because occlusion regions cause inaccurate depth information. Moreover, they do not consider the temporal dimension when estimating the disparity. In this paper, we propose a temporal stereo matching method, considering occlusion and disregarding inaccurate temporal depth information. First, we apply a global stereo matching algorithm to estimate the depth information, we segment the image to occlusion and non-occlusion regions. After occlusion detection, we fill the occluded region with a reasonable disparity value that are obtained from neighboring pixels of the current pixel. Then, we apply a temporal disparity estimation method using the reliable information. Experimental results show that our method detects more accurate occlusion regions, compared to a conventional method. The proposed method increases the temporal consistency of estimated disparity maps and outperforms per-frame methods in noisy images.

• MALSORI
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• no.44
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• pp.131-143
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• 2002

Music query by humming is a challenging problem since the humming signal inevitably contains much variation and inaccuracy. In this paper, we suggest an algorithm for querying a wanted song from music database by humming its melody. In order to suit or adapt the inaccurate peoples humming, a new melody representation technique is proposed. Our algorithm is basically a pitch and duration information-based one and performs fairly well. 85% of correct query rate of the song is achieved for the top 3 matches when tested with 20 songs.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.19-29
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• 2003

The demand for high-resolution images is gradually increasing, whereas many imaging systems yield aliased and undersampled images during image acquisition. In this paper, we propose a high-resolution image reconstruction algorithm considering inaccurate subpixel registration. A regularized Iterative reconstruction algorithm is adopted to overcome the ill-posedness problem resulting from inaccurate subpixel registration. In particular, we use multichannel image reconstruction algorithms suitable for application with multiframe environments. Since the registration error in each low-resolution has a different pattern, the regularization parameters are determined adaptively for each channel. We propose a methods for estimating the regularization parameter automatically. The preposed algorithm are robust against the registration error noise. and they do not require any prior information about the original image or the registration error process. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithms outperform conventional approaches in terms of both objective measurements and visual evaluation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.465-468
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• 2005

MMA(Multi-Modulus Algorithm) is inferior at a initial equalization in high ISI(intersymbol interference), because it is the inaccurate decision. To improve this probel SMMA(Sliced Multi-Modulus Algorithm) is based on using the MCMA(Modified Constant Modulus Algorithm). SMMA is a improved capability than MMA in high SNR but is inaccurate decision in low SNR. In this paper, We propose some multi-modulus blind equalization algorithm scheme. It is a method of operation in some multi-modulus algorithm which does no obstruct a convergence property at the initial equalization in the low SNR. Proposed algorithm improves the steady-state performance. And it uses residual ISI of the equalizer output in order to decide the optimum switching time between the single modulus and the multi-modulus algorithm.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.3-31
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• 2023

Dissemination of information can enhance smallholder farmers' agricultural outcomes and incomes in developing countries. However, the impact evaluation for new information can be inaccurate without considering pre-existing information that the indigenous people have used. This study explores qualitative causal links between existing agricultural information used by Lao smallholder farmers on rice yield and selling price with 180 household data. We categorized the pre-existing information into weather, farming technique, input, intermediate trader, and sales price. The source of each piece of information is used as an instrumental variable to overcome the endogeneity issue between information use and agricultural outcomes. Using farming technique information positively affects rice yields by 57.1% compared to those without that information. Moreover, intermediate trader and crop sales information result in 64.5% and 60.0% higher selling prices than non-user groups. A statistically significant causal relationship exists with agricultural outcomes. The more genuine impact should be measured with a newly updated impact evaluation approach that considers this pre-existing agricultural information.