• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.245-256
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• 2010

Objectives: This study aims to compare quality indicators for the hemodialysis services between patients with health insurance and those with medical aid. Methods: This study used data from sampled hospitals that provided a hemodialysis service. A total of 2287 patients were selected, and the information for hemodialysis service has been granted from medical record reviews. A multi-level regression analysis was used to examine the differences in process and outcome indicators for hemodialysis between patients with health insurance and those with medical aid. Process indicators were defined as: frequency of hemodialysis, hemodialysis time, erythropoietin (EPO) use, measurement of hemodialysis dose at least once a month, measurement of phosphate at least once every three months, and measurement of albumin at least once every three months. Outcome indicators were defined as: hemodialysis adequacy, anemia management, blood pressure management, and calcium, phosphate and nutrition management. The total scores for outcome indicators ranged from 0 (worst) to 4 (best). Results: There was a significant difference in the measurement of hemodialysis dose at least once a month between patients with health insurance and those with medical aid (OR 0.66, 95% CI = 0.43 - 0.99). However, frequency of hemodialysis, hemodialysis time, EPO use, measurement of phosphate at least once every three months, measurement of albumin at least once every three months, hemodialysis adequacy management, Hb${\geq}$11 g/dL, blood pressure within the range of 100-140 /60-90 mmHg, calcium x phosphate${\leq}$55 $g^2/dL^2$ and albumin${\geq}$4 g/dL were not significantly different between the groups. Conclusions: There were no significant differences in outcome indicators for hemodialysis between the groups. Further studies are warranted into the mechanism that results in no differences in the outcome indicators for hemodialysis.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2000년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(2)
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• pp.68-71
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• 2000

In this paper, we have measured the oxygen contents by FTIR in silicon wafer various process technology(slicing, lapping, polishing). The measured data are also compared with the data of etching process(KOH, Bright etching). Also we have measured the surface morpology in backside silicon wafer after etching treatment and etch pit density due to OISF after 4 step high temperature annealing process with optical microscope.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.445-453
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• 2012

The aim of this paper was to prove that if the risk level in combined tasks was improved through evaluation of postural load of liquid weight measurement process, the workload level and ratio of exposure time would be changed, and the time of process would be seen concurrently. Background: According to results of epidemiological studies conducted by Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agency, 122 musculoskeletal disorders occurred during 1992 to 2008, in which manufacturing industry covers 96(78.7%) of total. However, this is an insufficient level and only occupies 39% based on the South Korea's manufacturing standard industrial classification(246 industries). Method: Firstly, the number of batches weighed on one day(460min) was investigated based on the work performed and Weight measured weekly. VCR recording was taken based on the level of liquid ingredients prescribed for 1batch using the Camcorder. After dividing a 356 sec video into 1 sec using the screen capture function in Gom player, the job classification was performed by analyzing the change of working postures, which revealed 148 working postures. Time measurement was decided by time of the postures was being maintained. Then, the REBA analysis was performed for the working postures. The ratio of Exposure time was calculated based on the measurement time and REBA Score. In addition, the recommendations were designed and implementation was carried out for the working postures with REBA Score higher than 3. Finally, after the intervention, REBA measurement, time measurement, and ratio of exposure time were calculated for the comparison of works before and after improvement. Results: The number of work elements was decreased by 30.4% from 148 to 103 after improvement. The results of time measurement showed that the time was reduced by 46.3% from 356 sec to 191 sec. And the ratio of exposure time was also improved by 52.1% from 0% to 52.1% after improvement. Conclusion: The reduction of time was found to improve the productivity of management. Furthermore, because the reduction of ratio of exposure time and the improvement of workload level are the improvement of discomfort, it would contribute to the improvement of the worker's psychological working posture. Application: These results would contribute to musculoskeletal disease prevention and management performance. Further studies for other industries would be needed based on this case study.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.207-217
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• 2011

Electrode impedances are measured to quantitatively characterize the electrode-electrolyte or cell-electrode interfaces. In the case of high-density microelectrode arrays(MEAs) that have been developed for brainmachine interface applications, the characterization process becomes a repeating and time-consuming task; a system that can perform the measurement and analysis in an automated fashion with accuracy and speed is required. However, due to the large number of channels, parasitic capacitance and off-capacitance components of the switching system become the major factors that decreased the accuracy for the measurement of high impedance microelectrodes. Here we investigated the implementation of automatic impedance measurement system with analyzing the causes of possible measurement-related problems in multichannel switching configuration. Based on our multi-channel measurement circuit model, we suggest solutions to the problems and introduce a novel impedance measurement scheme using electro-mechanical relays. The implemented measurement system could measure |Z| < 700 $k{\Omega}$ of impedance in - 10% errors, which can be widely applicable to high density neural recording MEAs.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.94-106
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• 2012

최근 국내외적으로 활발히 추진되고 있는 복합용도 도시재생사업의 경우, 사업초기 계획의 불확실성, 자금조달의 어려움, 사업비 증가 및 사업기간 지연 등으로 인하여 리스크 및 불확실성이 증가되고 있는 추세이다. 이처럼 급격한 사회 경제적 변화에 대응하고 리스크 감소를 통한 주체별 편익의 최적화를 유도하기 위해서는, 사업초기단계에서의 정확한 계획과 함께 사업의 생애주기를 고려한 리스크 기반의 변화관리 프로세스가 요구된다. 또한 변화관리 프로세스는 업무프로세스와 연계하여 변화요인 대한 측정 및 평가, 대응할 수 있는 방안이 마련되어야 한다. 하지만 건설분야에서의 변화관리에 관한 연구는 조직, 리더쉽, 사상 등의 인문/사회학적 측면에 국한되어 이루어지고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 복합용도 도시재생사업에서의 체계적인 변화관리를 수행하기 위하여 리스크 기반의 변화요인을 추출할 수 있는 MECA(Metrix for Evaluation of Risk based Configuration factors Alternatives)방법론과 변화에 대한 사업비, 사업기간, 리스크를 통합하여 평가할 수 있는 3DAM(Three-Dimensional Area Measurement Method)과 CII(Configuration Innovation Index) 방법론을 개발하여, 변화에 유기적으로 대응할 수 있는 변화관리 프로세스를 제안하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.1152-1163
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• 1998

In the present work, the image processing technique for measurement of drop sizes has been improved. Firstly, the local processing concept was adopted in addition to the global processing technique to take account of non-uniformity of the illumination intensity ; thereby, basically, the measurement error can be reduced. Also, the unfocussed image of drops can be eliminated more precisely since the elimination process is based on the local normalized contrast. Secondly the algorithms to process the partially detected or overlapped drop images and the non-spherical drop images were developed. Finally, the improved algorithm was tested by using an artificially prepared image-frame, where the partial or overlapped particles and the non-spherical particles are mixed with the normal spherical ones (with their true size-distributions known a priori). The results showed that both the recognition rate of the number of particles and the measurement accuracy were improved prominently.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.103-109
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• 2016

The performance of a multi-head, computerized combination scaling system to automatically identify a group of agricultural products having a total weight within the target range has been optimized to reduce the package cycle time of the merchandise. First, the structure of the scale was modified to enable faster measurement by enhancing the dynamic stability during the process. Second, the high frequency noise in the measured signal was eliminated by a high frequency filter to provide more accurate weight data. Finally, the algorithm to identify a group of products with a total weight within the target range was modified to enable a user to select an optimal number of scales. According to the experimental verifications, this modified system reduced the package cycle time significantly and also was accurate in measuring the total weight of the selected products.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.167-173
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• 2000

The process variables for the manufacture of translucent microemulsion prepared with 2-octyl dodecanol, 12-hydroxy stearic acid cholesteryl , POE(40)HCO and 1,3-butandiol were examined initially (primary emulsion) and following aging for three months. The techniques empolyed in this study were particle size, turbidity, interfacial tension and microfluidizer. Particle size analysis and turbidity measurement to evaluate the emulsion stability were used. It was concluded that the process of the emulsification was an important indicator of the stability of the translucent microemulsion. From the particle size and and turbidity measurement of translucent microemulsion, adding the surfactant to the oil phase before the emulsification was found to be the most important factor for the stability of emulsions. We found that interfacial tension of the adding the surfactant to the oil phase is lower than that of the adding the surfactant to aqueous phase. In spite of hydrophilic surfactant, adding the surfactant to aqueous phase produced inferior emulsion to that to oil phase.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.178-187
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• 2009

Six Sigma emphasizes KPI and establishes the present level as well as the goal level through statistical calculation and tries to achieve management innovation through process improvement. But in the area of new product development or service, sufficient data for statistical measurement may not be secured. On the other side, looking for contradictions through problem analysis, TRIZ is a methodology that stresses the process of solving these problems. TRIZ also has its own problems: it is hard to define its initial task, to objectify the measurement of effect, and to optimize the drawn out idea. The purpose of this report is to give a comprehensive understanding about each methodology (Sigma Six and TRIZ) through its analysis, to confirm the need of linking both methodologies, and to suggest a model for this linking process. Also, they will be verified through examples, and the synergy effect will be discussed.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집 - 한국공작기계학회
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• pp.560-564
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• 1999

Burr sensing for burr size measurement and deburring process control is one of the essential elements in an automated deburring procedure. This paper presents the implementation of capacitance sensing and acoustic emission (AE) to deburring. The first application is the "on-line" measurement of burrs using a capacitance sensor. A non-contact capacitance gauging sensor is attached to an ultra precision milling machine which was used as a positioning system. The setup is used to measure burr profiles along machined workpiece edges. The proposed scheme is shown to be accurate, easy to setup, and with minor modifications, readily applicable to automatic deburring processes. As the second example, AE signals were sampled and analyzed for the sensor feedback of a precision deburring process - laser deburring -. The results, such as the sensitivity of AE signals to burr shapes and edge detection capability show a clear correlation between physical process parameters and the AE signals. A subsequent control strategy for deburring automation is also briefly discussed.