• Advances in nano research
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.265-276
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• 2020

A study that primarily focuses on nonlocal strain gradient plate model for the sole purpose of vibration examination, for graphene sheets under linearly variable in-plane mechanical loads. To study a better or more precise examination on graphene sheets, a new advance model was conducted which carries two scale parameters that happen to be related to the nonlocal as well as the strain gradient influences. Through the usage of two-variable shear deformation plate approach, that does not require the inclusion of shear correction factors, the graphene sheet is designed. Based on Hamilton's principle, fundamental expressions in regard to a nonlocal strain gradient graphene sheet on elastic half-space is originated. A Galerkin's technique is applied to resolve the fundamental expressions for distinct boundary conditions. Influence of distinct factors which can be in-plane loading, length scale parameter, load factor, elastic foundation, boundary conditions, and nonlocal parameter on vibration properties of the graphene sheets then undergo investigation.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.483-510
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• 2006

The dynamic instability characteristics of laminated composite stiffened shell panels subjected to in-plane harmonic edge loading are investigated in this paper. The eight-noded isoparametric degenerated shell element and a compatible three-noded curved beam element are used to model the shell panels and the stiffeners respectively. As the usual formulation of degenerated beam element is found to overestimate the torsional rigidity, an attempt has been made to reformulate it in an efficient manner. Moreover the new formulation for the beam element requires five degrees of freedom per node as that of shell element. The method of Hill's infinite determinant is applied to analyze the dynamic instability regions. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the effects of various parameters like shell geometry, lamination scheme, stiffening scheme, static and dynamic load factors and boundary conditions, on the dynamic instability behaviour of laminated composite stiffened panels subjected to in-plane harmonic loads along the boundaries. The results of free vibration and buckling of the laminated composite stiffened curved panels are also presented.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.7-15
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• 1998

An upper bound elemental technique(UBET) program has been developed to analyze forging load, die-cavity filling and effective strain distribution for flash and flashless forgings. The program consists of forward and backward tracing processes. In the forward program, flash, die filling and forging load are predicted. In backward tracing process, the optimum dimensions of initial billet in conventional forging are determined from the final-shape data based on flash design. And the analysis is described for merit of flashless precision forging. Experiments are carried out with pure plasticine billets at room temperature. The theoretical predictions of forging load and flow pattern are in good agreement with the experimental results.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.477-483
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 Euler-Bernoulli Beam(EB-beam) 및 신속 Fourier 변환을 이용하여 수치분석적 빔 모델 및 Co-rotational plane beam EDISON program(CR-beam)을 이용한 빔 모델의 가진주파수 변화에 따른 외팔보의 자유단 진동 연구를 수행하였다. 위의 두 빔 모델에서의 끝단에서는 진동이 시간이 지남에 따라 감소하다가 정상상태에 이르는 것을 확인하였다. 끝단에서 가진주파수가 증가함에 따라 구조적 감쇠에 의해 변위이 감소하는 경향을 보인다. 감쇠를 고려한 EB-beam과 CR-beam가 정상상태로 진입하는 경향이 비슷하나, 가진주파수는 정상상태가 나타나는 시간과 독립적임을 제시한다.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.377-389
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• 2017

Tests of the lateral and torsional stability are quite sensitive to the experimental conditions, such as support conditions and loading system. Controlling all of these conditions in a full-size test is a very challenging task. Therefore, in this paper, an experimental measurement method that can control the experimental conditions using a small-scale model was proposed to evaluate the lateral and torsional stability of beams. For this, a loading system was provided to maintain the vertical direction of the load applied to the beam, and a support frame was produced to satisfy the in-plane and out-of-plane support conditions. The experimental method using a small-scale model was applied successively to the lateral and torsional behavior and stability of I-shaped beams. The proposed experimental methods, which effectively accommodate the changes in the geometry and length of the beam, could contribute to further experimental studies regarding the lateral and torsional stability of flexural members.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.105-113
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• 2000

임의의 층에서 평면적에 큰 차이를 보이는 3차원 비정형 setback 구조물의 지진 거동 특성과 지진 거동 특성에 미치는 바닥 슬래브의 면내 변형 효과를 연구하였다. 비정형 setback 구조물의 전반적인 지진 거동 특성을 분석하기 위하여 베이스 부분의 평면적과 타워 부분의 평면적의 비(R/sub s/)와 단(setback) 발생 위치(L/sub s/)등을 매개 변수로 사용하였다. 48개의 비정형 setback 구조물들에 대한 해석 결과로부터 정형 구조물과 달리 setback 구조물의 경우에 단(setback) 발생 위치 근방에서 매우 급격한 층 전단력의 변화가 일어남을 알 수 있었다. 바닥슬래브의 면내 변형이 구조물의 지진 거동에 미치는 영향은 횡방향 저항 요소의 배치에 따라 크게 좌우되며 횡방향 저항 요소들간의 강성의 차이가 심하게 나타나는 전단벽-프레임 시스템의 경우에 더욱 두드러지게 나타남을 알 수 있다. 바닥슬래브의 면내 변형은 구조물이 받게 되는 밑면 전단력을 감소시키며 특히 L/sub s/=0.1인 프레임-전단벽 시스템에서 두드러진다. 또한 바닥슬래브의 면내 변형은 전단벽이 설치된 프레임에 대해서는 층 전단력의 감소 효과를 가져오고 전단벽이 설치되지 않은 프레임에 대해서는 층 전단력의 증가 현상을 가져온다. 또한 횡방향 강성의 차이로 발생한 베이스 부분과 타워 부분에서의 바닥슬래브의 면내 변형으로 인하여 모든 층의 층 변위가 크게 증가됨을 알 수 있다.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2009

The flow and heat/mass transfer characteristics on the squealer tip surface of a high-turning turbine rotor blade have been investigated at a Reynolds number of $2.09{\times}10^5$, by employing the oil-film flow visualization and naphthalene sublimation technique. The squealer rim height-to-chord ratio and tip gap height-to-chord ratio are fixed as typical values of $h_{st}/c$ = 5.5% and h/c = 2.0%, respectively, for turbulence intensities of Tu = 0.3% and 15%. The results show that the near-wall flow phenomena within the cavity of the squealer tip are totally different from those over the plane tip. There are complicated backward flows from the suction side to the pressure side near the cavity floor, in contrast to the plane tip gap flows moving toward the suction side after flow separation/reattachment. The squealer tip provides a significant reduction in tip surface thermal load with less severe gradient compared to the plane tip. In this study, the tip surface is divided into six different regions, and transport phenomena at each region are discussed in detail. The mean thermal load averaged over the squealer cavity floor is augmented by 7.5 percents under the high inlet turbulence level.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제28권1A호
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• pp.79-87
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• 2008

본 논문은 고정지점을 갖는 낮은 아치의 면내 안정성에 관하여 연구를 수행하였다. 연구에 사용된 아치의 형상은 포물선 형태이며, 하중은 등분포 하중이다. 일반 아치의 비선형 지배 미분 방정식을 이용하여 고정지점을 갖는 낮은 아치의 증분 형태 하중-변위 관계와 좌굴 하중을 유도하였다. 연구 결과, 아치의 좌굴형상(대칭 혹은 비대칭 좌굴)은 아치의 라이즈비와 세장비의 함수로 이루어진 무차원 라이즈 H 와 밀접한 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이 밖에 본 연구에서는 고정지점을 갖는 낮은 아치의 좌굴 형상을 구분하는 경계와 좌굴하중을 제안하였다. 이러한 제안식은 일련의 유한요소해석 결과들과 비교하였으며, 본 연구의 제안식은 고정지점을 갖는 낮은 아치의 좌굴 하중을 적절히 예측할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.563-572
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• 2017

The safety of structures is closely associated with the structural out-of-plane behavior. In particular, long and slender beam structures have been increasingly used in the design and construction. Therefore, an evaluation of the lateral and torsional behavior of a structure is important for the safety of the structure during construction as well as under service conditions. The current contact measurement method using displacement meters cannot measure independent movements directly and also requires caution when installing the displacement meters. Therefore, in this study, a vision-based system was used to measure the in-plane and out-of-plane displacements of a structure. The image processing algorithm was based on reference objects, including multiple targets in Lab color space. The captured targets were synchronized using a load indicator connected wirelessly to a data logger system in the server. A laboratory beam test was carried out to compare the displacements and rotation obtained from the proposed vision-based measurement system with those from the current measurement method using string potentiometers. The test results showed that the proposed vision-based measurement system could be applied successfully and easily to evaluating both the in-plane and out-of-plane movements of a beam including twisting rotation.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 2005년도 연구개발 발표회 논문집
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• pp.173-177
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• 2005

The heat/mass transfer characteristics on the plane tip surface of a high-turning first-stage turbine rotor blade has been investigated by employing the naphthalene sublimation technique. The heat/mass transfer coefficient is measured for four tip clearance height-to-chord ratios of h/c = 1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0%, and 4% at the Reynolds number of $2.09{\times}105$. The result shows that at lower h/c, there exists a strong flow separation/re-attachment process, which results in severe thermal load along the pressure-side comer. As h/c increases, the re-attachment is occurred further downstream of the pressure-side comer with lower thermal load. At higher h/c, a pair of vortices on the tip surface near the leading edge are found along the pressure-side and suction-side comers, and the pressure-side tip vortex have significant influence even on the mid-chord local heat transfer.