• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.171-176
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• 2002

배경: 혈액이 이물질과 접촉을 하면 체내에서 응고 및 염증기전을 활성화 시키게 되고 임상적으로 폐 및 신장 기능의 저하, 출혈 등을 유발할 수 있고 심한 경우 다발성 장기기능 저하까지 발생할 수 있다. 이 때문에 혈액-이물질 접촉표면을 개선하는 여러 가지 시도들이 이루어지고 있고 혈액접촉표면의 적합성을 평가하는 지표의 선택은 대단히 중요하다. 접촉면의 응고기전에서 혈소판의 침착이 가장 중요한 단계이고 혈소판의 침착을 확인하기 위하여 표면흡착 정도를 비교하는 방법이 흔히 사용되고 있는데, 대부분 in-vitro 혹은ex-vivo조건에서 시행되고 있으므로 생체 내 in-vivo상황을 정확히 대변한다고 보기 힘들다. 따라서 본 연구는 in-vivo 실험조건에서 동위원소(radioisotope)를 이용하여 혈소판의 표면흡착 정도를 정량 분석하는 방법의 유용성을 분석하고자 계획되었다. 대상 및 방법: 돼지(20-25 kg, n=6)를 이용하여 하행대동맥 우회회로를 구성하였다. 우회회로는 헤파린 표면처리가 안된 일반 PVC 도관(대조군; Capiox, Terumo, Japan)과 이온결합 헤파린 표면 처리된 PVC 도관(실험군; Duraflo ll, Baxter, USA)을 Y-connector로 연결하여 2개의 회로를 동시에 구성하였다. 수술 전날 동종의 실험동물로부터 혈액을 채취하여 원심분리를 통해 고농도 혈소판 용액(platelet concentrate)을 추출하였고, 수술 당일 동위원소(Tc-99m-HMPAO, 180 $\mu$Ci)을 섞어 30분간 방치한 다음, 10분간 원심분리하여 침전층의 labeling efficiency를 측정하였다. 분리된 침전층에 혈장을 섞어(5 ml) 실험동물에 정맥주사한 후, 전신 헤파린 처치 상태에서(1 mg/kg) 하행대동맥을 차단하여 우회도관 쪽으로 2시간 동안 혈액을 순환시키고 분리하였다. 각 도관의 내강을 생리식염수 500 ml로 동시에 세척한 다음, 일정 간격으로10$\times$10 mm 크기의 절편을 5개 채취하였다. 절편을 세분하여 측정튜브에 담아 동위원소 측정기(gamma counter, Cobra II , Packard ,USA)를 이용하여 Tc-99m-HMPAO의 분당 count수를 측정함으로써 혈소판의 흡착정도를 정량분석 비교하였다. 결과: 동위원소 측정기를 이용한 평균 count수는 각각의 실험군과 대조군의 비율을 이용하여 비교하였다. 평균 count수는 대조군에서 537.3 Ci/min였고 실험군에서는 311.1Ci/min로 측정되었으며, 두 군 사이의 비율은 대조군에 비하여 실험군이 1: 0.58로 통계적으로 유의하였다.(p=0.004) 결론: 위결과를 통하여 실험군이 대조군에 비하여 혈소판 표면흡착측면에서 우수하다는 것을 정량적으로 증명할 수 있었다. 저자 등이 사용한 in-vivo 동위원소 측정법으로 혈소판 흡착정도의 생체 내 실험으로 유용하며 의료용 고분자 재료의 혈액적합성 판정의 지표로 제시하고자 한다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1998년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.149-150
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• 1998

We have developed electrically driven portable ventilator and evaluated through in-vitro and in-vivo test. Ventilator is consists of DC servo motor(Kollmorgen), piston and ball screw, sensing system, power system with backup battery and micro controller. For the precise and stable volume control, the dynamic brake and the PI speed control loop is employed. The main functions are as followers; control, control+sigh, control/assist, control/assist+sigh and SIMV. The animal experiment showed stable performance when it is operated in control mode.

• 한국광학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국광학회 2006년도 동계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.359-360
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• 2006

Functional photoacoustic tomography is a new non-invasive imaging modality, and it is emerging as a very practical method for imaging biological tissue structures by means of laser-induced ultrasound. Structures with high optical absorption, such as blood vessels, can be imaged with the spatial resolution of ultrasound, which is not limited by the strong light scattering in biological tissues. By varying wavelengths of the laser light and acquiring photoacoustic images, optical absorption spectrum of each image pixel is found. Since the biochemical constituents of tissues determine the spectrum, useful functional information like oxygen saturation ($SO_2$) and total haemoglobin concentration (HbT) can be extracted. In this study, as a proof-of-principle experiment, hypoxic brain tumor vasculature and traumatic brain injury (TBI) of small animal brain are imaged with functional photoacoustic tomography. High resolution brain vasculature images of oxygen saturation and total hemoglobin concentration are provided to visualize hypoxic tumor vasculature, and hemorrhage on the cortex surface by the TBI.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.282-287
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Jerusalem artichoke has inhibitory activity against ${\alpha}$-glucosidase and decreases fasting serum glucose levels, which may be related to its fructan content. The biological activity of fructan can be influenced by the degree of polymerization. Thus, in this study, the inhibitory effects of original and fermented purple Jerusalem artichoke (PJA) on ${\alpha}$-glucosidase were compared in vitro. Additionally, the anti-diabetes effect of Lactobacillus plantarum-fermented PJA (LJA) was studied in a non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus animal model (C57BIKsJ db/db). MATERIALS/METHODS: The water extract of PJA was fermented by L. plantarum, and two strains of Bacillus subtilis to compare their anti-${\alpha}$-glucosidase activities in vitro by ${\alpha}$-glucosidase assays. The anti-diabetes effect of LJA was studied in a non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus animal model (C57BIKsJ db/db) for seven weeks. During the experiment, food intake, body weight, and fasting blood glucose were measured every week. At the end of the treatment period, several diabetic parameters and the intestinal ${\alpha}$-glucosidase activity were measured. RESULTS: The LJA showed the highest ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity in vitro. In the in vivo study, it resulted in a significantly lower blood glucose concentration than the control. Serum insulin and HDL cholesterol levels were significantly higher and the concentrations of triglycerides, non-esterified fatty acids, and total cholesterol were significant lower in mice treated with LJA after seven weeks. In addition, the intestinal ${\alpha}$-glucosidase activity was partially inhibited. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggested that LJA regulates blood glucose and has potential use as a dietary supplement.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.409-418
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• 2005

This study was conducted to examine the nutrient digestibility and ruminal fermentation characteristics in sheep fed dried mugwort and mugwort silage for 5% levels of rice straw in the basal diet, and mugwort pellet for 5% levels of concentrate in the basal diet. For the experiment, they were given a basal diet containing of rice straw and concentrate mixed at a 3: 7 ratio (DM basis). The treatments were designed as a 4 ${\times}$ 4 Latin square design with four sheep (50.2 kg body weight). The digestibility of crude protein was increased (p < 0.05) to 4.6 - 6.2 % in sheep fed mugwort silage treatments (60.23 %) compared with those of control (54.08 %) and dried mugwort treatment (55.67 %). That of ether extract was iicreased (p < 0.05) to 4.8 - 8.8 % in sheep fed mugwort silage treatments (80.22 %) compared with those of control (71.47 %) and dried mugwort treatment (75.46 %). In the dry matter intake, mugwort silage treatment (904.44 g) was the hightest and mugwort pellet treatment, dried mugwort treatment and control were 810.66 g, 780.66 g and 742.18 g, respectively. The ruminal pH in all treatments were rapidly decreased (p < 0.05) at 0.5 and 1 hour after feeding and slowly increased at 2, 4 and 8 hours after feeding, especially mugwort silage treatment. The ammonia nitrogen concentrations were the highest (p < 0.05) in sheep fed mugwort silage treatment (11.24 - 12.05mg / 100 rnz) at 0.5 and 2 hours after feeding. The ruminal concentrations of acetic acid (6.06 mmol /100 $m\ell$) and propionic acid (2.35 mmol/ 100 mz) were an increased (p < 0.05) at the mugwort silage treatments at 1 and 2 hours after feeding. Purine derivatives out put (13.41 mmol / d) and microbial protein production (11.61 mmol / d) were increased (p < 0.05) compared with those of control (5.42 and 4.93 mmol / d).

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.73-84
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• 1987

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of hormone addition(FSH, HCG, estrogen and progesterone) and composition (BSA and FCS) of mKRB on the in vitro maturation and fertilizability of follicular oocytes of the Korean native cattle. The ovaries were removed at a slaughterhouse, returned to laboratory in a thermostat (30-35$^{\circ}C$) within 4 hr, and collected by aspirating normal follicles which had diameters of 1 to 6 mm. The oocytes with cumulus cells were cultured for 8, 16, 24 and 30 hr in a modified KRB solution containing BSA or FCS and hormones. The in vitro matured oocytes in mKRB containing FCS, FSH and steroids were transferred in the rabbit uterus for examination of their in vivo fertilizability with bovine sperm preincubated 4 to 6 hr in the rabbit uterus. 1. The mean number of oocytes collected per cattle was 6.5 from 1-3mm follicles, 1.3 from 4-6mm follicles, and total was 7.7. 2. The meiotic division at 16hr-cuture in the oocytes from 1-3mm follicles was slightly stimulated by the addition of FSH in mKRB + BSA solution compared with the control. At 30hr-culture, their maturation rates(%Met II) were also increased by FSH of 1 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml(38.4%) and 5$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml(35.7%) as compared with the control (21.4%). The maturation rate at 30hr-culture in the oocytes from 4-6mm follicles was 53.8% and 57.1% by the FSH addition of 1$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml and 5$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, respectively. These rates were similar with the control(57.1%), but higher than those of oocytes from 1-3mm follicles. 3. The meiotic division at 16hr-culture in the oocytes from 1-3mm follicles was stimulated by the HCG addition of 1IU/ml and 5IU/ml. However, the maturation rate at 30hr-culture was greatly decreased by the HCG addtion (26.6% and 13.3%) compared with the control(53.3%) and these rates (30.8%) in the oocytes from 4-6mm follicles were also lower than that fo the control(58.3%). 4. Low maturation rate (37.5%) of the oocytes cultured in mKRB containing BSA and 5IU/ml HCG was increased (55.0%) when 15% FCS with HCG was added to mKRB instead of BSA. 5. When 16hr-cultured oocytes in mKRB containing BSA and gonadotropins (5$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml FSH and 5IU/ml HCG) were transferred in the medium without gonadotropins and recultured for 16hr, the maturation rate of HCG-treated oocytes was greatly improved. 6. The maturation rates of oocytes were greatly affected by steroids. The combined addition of FCS+FSH+estrogen or +progesterone to mKRB increased the maturation rate compared with the combination of BSA+FSH or FCS+FSH in mKRB. 7. The fertilization rate, presence of pronuclei, was increased by the combination of FCS+FSH+p in mKRB as compared with that (5.6%) of BSA+FSH and the rates of FCS+FSH+steroids ranged from 12.5 to 17.6%.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.139-146
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• 1997

소와 돼지의 난관 상피세포가 마우스 초기배의 발달 에 미치는 영향과 체외배양에 있어 최적의 배양조건을 알아보기 위하여 ICR 계통의 마우스에 PMSG 7.5 IU와 hCG 7.5 IU를 각각 복강주사하고 자연교미하여 48시간 경과 후에 난관에서 2-세포 초기배를 D-PBS로 관류하여 회수하였다. 회수된 배아는 소와 돼지의 난관 상피세포와 공배양하여 그 효사를 배반포 발달율과 핵의 수를 조사하였다. 또한 생체내와 실험 관내의 발육상태를 비교하기 위하여 hCG접종후 120 시간동안 생체내에서 발육시킨 신선 배반포배를 자궁 에서 채취하여 그 핵수를 계산하였다. 마우스 초기배는 TCM 199, Ham's F-10, Medicult IVF 배양액에서 소 난관 상피세포 또는 돼지 난관 상피세포와 공배양할 경우 91-97%의 높은 배반포 발달율을 보였으며 난관 상피세포간의 차이는 나타 나지 않았다. 각 배양조건에 따라 배양된 배반포의 핵수는 체내에서 자란 배반포에 비해 체외에서 배양한 배반포에서 유의적으로 적었다. 체외배양중 핵수는 공배양하지 않은 TCM 199, Ham's F-10, Medicult IVF medium 에서 각각 68.1${\pm}$6.00, 67.3${\pm}$4.49, 66.4${\pm}$5.64개로 나타났으며 BOEC와 공배양하였을 경우에는 94.3${\pm}$8.61, 92.5${\pm}$7.60, 92.1${\pm}$6.107B, POEC와 공배양하였을 때는 93.3${\pm}$5.80, 92.9${\pm}$6.53, 92.3${\pm}$7.35개로 체내에서 배양된 배반포의 경우의 107.2${\pm}$7.43개보다 적었다. 이상의 결과로 난관 상피세포인 BOEC와 POEC는 마우스 초기배야와의 체외공배양시 배아의 발달과 분화에 이로운 영향을 주어 발달율과 부화율를 향상시키나 핵수 증가에서는 체내조건보다 미홉한 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물번식학회 2003년도 학술발표대회 발표논문초록집
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• pp.80-80
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• 2003

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor, cognitive, and psychiatric symptoms, accompanied by marked cell death in the striatum and cortex. Stereotaxic injection of quinolinic acid (QA) into striatum results in a degeneration of GABAergic neurons and exhibits abnormal motor behaviors typical of the illness. The objective of this study was carried out to obtain basic information about whether parthenogenetic mouse embryonic stem (PmES) cells are suitable for cell replacement therapy of HD. To establish PmES cell lines, hybrid F1 (C57BL/6xCBA/N) mouse oocytes were treated with 7% ethanol for 5 min and cytochalasin-B for 4 hr to initiate spontaneous cleavage. Thus established PmES cells were induced to differentiate using bFGF (20ng/ml) followed by selection of neuronal precursor cells for 8 days in N2 medium. After selection, cells were expanded at the presence of bFGF (20 ng/ml) for another 6 days, then a final differentiation step in N2 medium for 7 days. To establish recipient animal models of HD, young adult mice (7 weeks age ICR mice) were lesioned unilaterally with a stereotaxic injection of QA (60 nM) into the striatum and the rotational behavior of the animals was tested using apomorphine (0.1mg/kg, IP) 7 days after the induction of lesion. Animals rotating more than 120 turns per hour were selected and the differentiated PmES cells (1$\times$10$^4$cells/ul) were implanted into striatum. Four weeks after the graft, immunohistochemical studies revealed the presence of cells reactive to anti-NeuN antibody. However, only a slight improvement of motor behavior was observed. By Nissl staining, cell mass resembling tumor was found at the graft site and near cortex which may explain the slight behavioral improvement. Detailed experiment on cell viability, differentiation and migration explanted in vivo is currently being studied.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.509-526
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• 2017

Background and objectives : Soeumin Bojungykgi-tang (seBYTE) has been used to supplement qi in Korean medicine. It has been demonstrated to possess various biological functions such as anti-cancer, anti-aging and anti-inflammatory effects. The present study evaluated the protective roles of seBYTE in hepatotoxic in vitro and in vivo model. Methods : To investigate cytoprotective effect of seBYTE, HepG2 cells were pretreated with seBYTE and then subsequently exposed to $10{\mu}m$ AA for 12 h, followed by $5{\mu}m$ iron. Cell viability was examined by MTT assay, and expression of apoptosis-related proteins was evaluated by immunoblot analysis. For responsible molecular mechanisms, ROS production, GSH contents, and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured. In addition, hepatoprotective effect of seBYTE in vivo was assessed in $CCl_4$-induced animal model. Results : seBYTE prevented AA + iron-induced cytotoxicity in concentration dependent manner. In addition, ROS production, GSH depletion, and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by AA + iron were significantly reduced by seBYTE pretreatment. Furthermore, seBYTE recovered expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins such as PARP and pro-caspase-3. In animal experiment, plasma ALT and AST levels were significantly elevated in $CCl_4$ treatment, but seBYTE significantly decreased the ALT and AST levels. Moreover, seBYTE alleviated the numbers of histological activity index, percentages of degenerative regions, degenerated hepatocytes, infiltrated inflammatory cells, nitrotyrosine- and 4-hydroxynonenal-positive cells in liver. Conclusions : These results showed that hepatoprotective effect of seBYTE against on $CCl_4$-induced hepatic damages is partly due to antioxidative and anti-apoptotic process.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.418-424
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 비방사능 값에 따른 소동물 in vivo실험에서 어느 정도의 비방사능에서부터 수용체-리간드의 결합능력의 변화와 선조체에서의 방사능 집적에 변화가 있는지를 규명하고자 실험을 진행하다. 18F-Fallypride을 3가지 값 ; 높은 비방사능 : 43.29~74 GBq/umol, 중간 비방사능 : 20.72~29.23 GBq/umol, 낮은 비방사능 : 6.29~8.51 GBq/umol)으로 나누어 순차적으로 혈관주사 후 Micro PET을 이용하여 90분 동적 스캔 하였다. 스캔 후 양쪽 선조체에서 Binding Potential(BP)을 구한 후 비교 분석하였다. 높은 비방사능과 낮은 비방사능, 중간 비방사능과 낮은 비방사능에서 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 또한 18F-Fallypride을 이용한 PET 영상비교에서는 높은 비방사능과 중간 비방사능에서는 선조체 에서 높은 방사능집적을 보여주었지만, 낮은 비방사능에서는 다른 두 비방사능에 비해 낮은 방사능 집적을 볼 수 있었다. 이는 18F-Fallypride의 약동학적 특성상 D2/D3에 대한 친화성이 좋기 때문에 비방사능 값이 어느 정도 떨어진 상태에서도 BP의 차이가 크지 않았다. 하지만 높은 비방사능에 비해 6.5배 낮은 비방사능 값 부터는 이미지 및 BP의 차이가 유의하게 나왔으므로 앞으로 18F-Fallyprdie을 이용한 선조체 PET연구에서는 이를 고려하여 실험 할 필요가 있을 것이다.