• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.61 no.4
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• pp.584-590
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• 2023

In this study, we focus on the recycling of cardboard waste and sugarcane bagasse (SCB) for the preparation of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and its conversion into a biodegradable film. Sodium alginate (SA) was added to form a biodegradable composite film. SA was used to increase film permeability. Glycerol, which is a plasticizer, was used to increase the tensile strength (TS) and film expansion. To characterize the CMC, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were used. The addition of olive oil to the CMC-SA matrix highlighted its antimicrobial property against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). A slight decrease in tensile strength was observed with the addition of olive oil (OO), which improved the functional properties of the control films as well as lowered moisture content and water solubility. But considering all other factors, the composite films obtained from sugarcane bagasse and cardboard waste incorporated with olive oil are suitable for applications in the field of food packaging.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistry
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.8-15
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• 2023

In case with severely atrophied mandibular ridges, it may be difficult to achieve adequate retention and stability of dentures through the normal functional impression process of complete dentures. In these patients, an approach using the neutral zone raising technique may be an effective alternative. The neutral zone is defined as the area where the pressure of the tongue towards the outside of the mouth and the pressure of the cheek and lips towards the inside are balanced during the normal oral function of the muscular-nervous system. Complete dentures made through neutral zone impression not only improve retention and stability, but also provide adequate tongue space in the posterior teeth area. Additionally, food residues are reduced in the area around artificial teeth, and aesthetics are improved through appropriate facial support.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.282-289
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• 2024

Fire blight is a bacterial disease caused by Erwinia amylovora. In Korea, fire blight was first reported in 2015 in an orchard. If the infection is confirmed, all trees in the orchard must be removed and the orchard must remain closed for 3 years. Since 2020, if the number of trees infected with fire blight is less than 5% of the total trees in the orchard, only the infected tree and adjacent trees are removed in Korea. Three years after removal, the trees can be replanted after confirming that the orchard soil is free from E. amylovora. In this study, a protocol was established for detecting E. amylovora in soil via selective enrichment, using tryptic soy broth with 0.05% bile salts and 50 ㎍/ml cycloheximide, and real-time polymerase chain reaction. This protocol resulted in a 1,000-times improved detection limit for E. amylovora in soil samples compared to that in unenriched samples. Soil monitoring was performed for orchards where fire blight-infected trees had been removed 3-27 months prior; the selected orchards were monitored every 3 months. Monitoring confirmed that E. amylovora was not present in the soil at any site in any of the orchards. A new detection protocol facilitates the monitoring of E. amylovora in soil and could help permit the replanting of trees in orchards. Also monitoring results provide evidence that trees can be planted earlier.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.273-278
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• 2024

Consumer preferences for food are influenced by personal values and personalities. Social, economic, and cultural developments in modern society have influenced consumer lifestyles and brought about multiple changes in consumption patterns. In the beauty market, consumers are now more interested in specialized offerings, and an increasing number of people are opting for customized products in a market structure where mass production has led to mass consumption. Hair products are now manufactured as functional cosmetics designed to maintain and improve scalp health and hair growth by removing waste from the scalp and adding fragrance for cleanliness, breaking away from the concept of general cosmetics. Many studies have focused on personalized products in the cosmetics industry. This study aimed to accurately determine scalp types and further diagnose individual scalp conditions using a scalp diagnostic device. Based on the diagnoses, it recommended and provided personalized shampoos in order to understand how these shampoos improved scalp health. By objectively analyzing and comparing scalp conditions before and after using customized shampoos, the study demonstrated a significant effect on scalp health. The results of this study confirmed the perception and effectiveness of personalized shampoos.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.1082-1091
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• 2024

The antioxidant capacity and protective effect of peptides from protein hydrolysate of Cordyceps militaris cultivated with tussah pupa (ECPs) on H₂O₂-injured HepG2 cells were studied. Results indicated ECP1 (<3 kDa) presented the strongest antioxidant activity compared with other molecular weight peptides. Pretreated with ECPs observably enhanced survival rates and reduced apoptosis rates of HepG2 cells. ECPs treatment decreased the ROS level, MDA content and increased CAT and GSH-Px activities of HepG2 cells. Besides, the morphologies of natural peptides from C. militaris cultivated with tussah pupa (NCP1) and ECP1 were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Characterization results suggested the structure of NCP1 was changed by enzymatic hydrolysis treatment. Most of hydrophobic and acidic amino acids contents (ACC) in ECP1 were also observably improved by enzymatic hydrolysis. In conclusion, low molecular weight peptides had potential value in the development of cosmetics and health food.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.309-316
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• 2024

The treatment of obesity and its comorbidities ranges from clinical management involving lifestyle changes and medications to bariatric and metabolic surgery. Various endoscopic bariatric and metabolic therapies recently emerged to address an important therapeutic gap by offering a less invasive alternative to surgery that is more effective than conservative therapies. This article comprehensively reviews the technical aspects, mechanism of action, outcomes, and future perspectives of one of the most promising endoscopic bariatric and metabolic therapies, named duodenojejunal bypass liner. The duodenojejunal bypass liner mimics the mechanism of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass by preventing food contact with the duodenum and proximal jejunum, thereby initiating a series of hormonal changes that lead to delayed gastric emptying and malabsorptive effects. These physiological changes result in significant weight loss and improved metabolic control, leading to better glycemic levels, preventing dyslipidemia and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and mitigating cardiovascular risk. However, concern exists regarding the safety profile of this device due to the reported high rates of severe adverse events, particularly liver abscesses. Ongoing technical changes aiming to reduce adverse events are being evaluated in clinical trials and may provide more reliable data to support its routine use in clinical practice.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.971-978
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• 2022

Fertigation, which has been introduced in agricultural fields since 1990, has been widely practiced in upland fields as well as in plastic film houses as part of the crop production system. In accordance with demands in the agricultural sector, a huge number of scientific studies on fertigation have been conducted worldwide. Moreover, with a combination of advanced technologies such as big-data, machine learning, etc., fertigation is positioned as an indispensable tool to achieve sustainable crop production and to enhance nutrient and water use efficiency. In this review, we focused on providing valuable information in terms of crop production and nutrient/water use efficiency. A variety of fertigation studies have described that enhancement of crop production did not differ relative to conventional method or slightly increased. In contrast, fertigation significantly improved nutrient/water use efficiency, with a reduction in use ranging from 20 to 50%. Water-soluble organic resources such as livestock manure and agricultural byproducts also have been identified as useful resources like chemical fertilizers. Furthermore, the initial irrigation point was generally recommended in a range of -10 - -40 kPa, although the point differed according to the crop and crop growth stage. From this review, we suggest that fertigation, which is closely integrated with advanced technology, could be a leading technology to attain not only food security but also carbon neutrality via improvement of nutrient/water use efficiency.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.667-676
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the quality characteristics and antioxidant activity of Kochujang following the addition of deodeok (Condonopsis lanceolata) powder. To accomplish this, 1%, 3% and 5% deodeok powder was added to Kochujang and the samples were then incubated at $30^{\circ}C$. during which time the general ingredients, water content, acidity, salinity, reducing sugar content, amino-nitrogen content and DPPH were analyzed at intervals of about two weeks. The water crude protein, crude fat and ash content were 3.61%, 8.44%, 4.62% and 8.85%, respectively. The initial acidity was 3.23~3.97%, and this increased to 4.39~44.86%. highlight please clarify this, I cannot infer your intended meaning; however, this can likely be deleted. The salinity was 7.42~7.73%, and 5% with deodeok powder producing the lowest content and showing a tendency to decrease during the storage period. The early amino-nitrogen content was 274.0~333.1%, with higher nitrogen contents being associated with large amounts of deodeok powder. The amino-nitrogen content during the storage period increased to the 4th week, then decreased. Additionally, the a value decreased sharply during the 4-week storage period. Addition of large amount of deodeok powder significantly improved the free radical scavenging activity. The free radical scavenging activity of 1%, 3% and 5% deodeok powder was higher than that of Kochujang throughout the maturation period. Overall, the results of this study indicate that there is the potential to develop functional foods by the addition of deodeok.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.44-50
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• 2012

Objectives: We investigated weight gain effects of the Bofesungjangjeungbo-tang ($B\check{u}f\grave{e}ich\acute{e}ngzh\check{a}ngz\bar{e}ngb\check{u}$-tang) on thin Korean preschool children with frequent common cold or chronic rhinitis Methods Bofesungjangjeungbo-tang was empirically composed of 14 herbs for treating indigestion, and common cold or chronic rhinitis. We analyzed 60 preschool children who have visited Kim Kijoon Oriental Clinic BOM from Jan. 1, 2006 to Aug. 31, 2011 with three criteria: 1) 2~5yrs of age and BMI<50th percentile 2) children those who had taken the Bofesungjangjeungbo-tang for 1~3 month (s), 3) Availability of records on before/after treatment within 3 months. Weight gain of the children after treatment was evaluated by the changes of BMI percentile compared to pre-treatment. Results Bofesungjangjeungbo-tang significantly improved BMI percentile in all groups (1 month: $21.33{\pm}10.04$ vs $26.43{\pm}13.16$, p<0.001; 2 months: $21.90{\pm}10.28$ vs $29.03{\pm}15.06$, p<0.001; 3 months: $19.06{\pm}10.04$ vs $35.71{\pm}17.40$, p=0.001). Gender, age and pre-treatment BMI had no significant effects on the effectiveness of Bofesungjangjeungbo-tang. Conclusions: Bofesungjangjeungbo-tang positively affected weight gain in 2~5yrs Korean preschool children with BMI below 50 percentile within 1~3 month (s) of treatment. However, additional studies on functional dyspepsia or the change of energy intake are needed to understand the factors related to weight gains.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.126-134
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• 2001

Background : Paeonia japonica Miyabe is a medicinal plant which has been widely used as a component of blood-building decoctions (Chinese medicinal concept : Bu-Xie). The immunopharmacological characteristics of the extract of Paeonia japonica (PJ) were investigated. Methods : The effects of fractions of PJ extract on lymphocyte proliferation were measured by $H^3$-thymidine incorporation assay. The proliferated lymphocyte subsets were analyzed in flow cytometry. The subset cell populations of spleen cells were separated by magnetic cell separation system, and their proliferation by the extract were investigated. The effect of the extract on antibody production was determined in mice challenged with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) using hemolytic plaque forming cell assay. Results : Spleen cells were proliferated by water extract of PJ. Polysaccharide fraction (PJ-P) of the extract was most active in the proliferation. It was found in flow cytometry that the lymphocyte subset proliferated by PJ-P was B cell population. Among the separated subset cell populations, T cell-depleted cell population and macrophage-depleted cell population were most proliferated by PJ-P. However, positively selected populations of B cells and T cells were not proliferated by PJ-P. These results indicate that B cell proliferation by PJ-P may require the assistance of macrophages or T cells. These results suggest that firstly PJ-P may stimulate macrophages or T cells, and then B cells are activated. The number of antibody-secreting cells was increased by administration of PJ-P in mice immunized with SRBC as a T-dependent antigen. Conclusion : These results suggest that macrophages and accessory cells are directly activated by PJ-P and then helper T cells and B cells are indirectly activated. As the results, immune responses might be coordinately improved. In conclusion, PJ-P, a polysaccharide of P. japonica, may be a characteristic immunostimulator, which is analogous to polysaccharides such as lentinan, PSK and ginsan.