• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.667-676
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• 1999

The roles of ceria on three-way catalyst is to improve the noble metal dispersion and thermal stability of support ${\gamma}$-$Al_2O_3$. And, ceria has a oxygen storage capacity(OSC) under fuel rich/lean conditions to improve the operating windows of NOx, THC and CO conversion. However, ceria has weak thermal stability under high temperature due to the crystallite growth. So that, the OSC of ceria is decreased, and then the conversions of NOx, THC and CO is decreased. One way of enhancing the thermal stability and NOx, THC and CO conversion Pd-only catalyst is to improve as well as its thermal stability and oxygen storage capacity of the ceria. Especially, the appropriate mixing ratios of bulk and stabilized ceria are very important for designing principles of Pd-only three-way catalysts. In this paper, we discussed the thermal properties of stabilizedand unstabilized (bulk) ceria, and the oxygen storage capacity (OSC) of catalysts, and found the correlation between activity and the OSC of Pd-only catalysts with various different mixing ratios of bulk and stabilized ceria. Finally, we propose the design principles to improve the thermal stability of washcoated Pd-only catalysts.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제4호
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• pp.85-116
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• 1998

Since the 1980's language teachers have been urged to take more communicatively oriented practice instead of traditional audio-lingual and grammar-translation instruction. However, there are many reasons why communication-centered teaching approaches haven't been easily adopted in Korea. First of all many English teachers haven't been prepared for communicative language teaching. And class size is very large. Another reason is that students' reading and writing skills are more important than their speaking and listening skills to enter colleges. But the world has been changing rapidly. We have many chances to meet foreigners and to talk to them. So many students want to improve their communicative proficiency. The purpose of this study is how to improve their communicative proficiency by performing games in English classes. There are many advantages of using games and songs in the classroom. First, games are motivating and challenging. Second, students can improve their four skills(speaking, writing, listening and reading skills) by using games and songs. Thirdly, games and songs help students to study English without their conscious efforts and to practice English repeatedly because they are interested in them. Fourthly, games and songs create a meaningful context for language use. Lastly, students can learn English with less tension and anxiety. Therefore, English games and songs are worthy of using in classes. To use English games and song more effectively, more various and useful materials have to be developed for English teachers and have to be introduced pertinently into classes.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2013년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.215-218
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• 2013

본 논문은 낙뢰 Surge 방호를 위하여 독립접지를 공통접지로 개선하는 효율적인 방법을 제안하였다. 낙뢰 Surge 방호를 위해서는 등전위 이론에 근거하는 공통접지방식이 적합하고, 중성선이 있는 전원계통에서는 공통접지방식을 사용하는 것이 국제적으로 통용되는 기술규격이다. 따라서 낙뢰 Surge에 취약한 문제점을 갖고 있는 기존의 중성선이 없는 전원계통의 독립접지방식을 중성선이 있는 전원계통의 공통접지방식으로 개선을 하고, 정전압소자를 이용하여 낙뢰 Surge를 방호하는 효율적인 등전위 시스템 구축 방법을 제안한다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.470-474
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• 2010

Up until now, power centralized trains have been produced due to the maintenance convenience and comfortableness, but there are some problems, such as limitation of viscosity and maintenance difficulty of railroad due to recently increasing axle mass. In order to improve the problems, power decentralized trains have been developed to improve traction power. In the case of using electrical braking system, it is possible to improve braking friction power. Induction motors have been developed for power decentralized high speed train because of less structural defection, and low maintenance and production cost. However, induction motors have limitations, such as assuring enough power capacity and efficiency with reduced size. PMSM (Permanent magnet synchronous motor) have been newly developed to improve shortcomings of induction motors. The PMSM can be produced small and light weighted. Also if the PMSM and induction motors have the same size and power capacity, the PMSM have better power efficiency. In this pater, the prototype and modified type of PMSM for "High-speed Electric Multiple Unit-400km/h eXperimmen" will be introduced.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.111-128
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• 2002

This study concentrates on investigating teaching methods with which students of a commercial high school, located in a rural district, can improve their attitude toward mathematics. To begin with, this study examines the causes which make the students take negative views against it through a survey of their current attitude toward mathematics; offers a special class for them to develop a positive attitude toward it: and then, figure out how much they change their academic attitude within the class and how much they improve their academic achievement as well. The results can be summarized as follows: First, the experimental groups showed terribly negative attitudes toward mathematics, and their academic achievements were very low compared with students of academic high schools nearby, Second, thanks to the special class given to improve their attitude toward mathematics, the experimental groups ended up taking a meaningful positive attitude toward it and developing their academic achievements in the subject. On the other hand, the controlled groups without any chance to receive special lessons remained unchanged. Therefore, it is indicated that a special lesson, properly provided, would play an important role to improve students' positive attitude toward mathematics and develop their basic academic achievements.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제75권
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• pp.117-136
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• 2017

Trade finance services have been played an important role in the Korea trade development history since 1960's. These days the trade environment is confronted by the 4th Industrial revolution and new trade protectionism. So we need to improve the Korea Trade Finance Services in order to improve Korea trade volume. Bank of Korea(BOK) also revised the Rule of Korea Trade Finance in 2014 and enlarged the trade fund for commercial banks where they handle the trade finance to small and medium enterprises(SME) in 2016. This article handle the current state and problems of Korea trade finance services and suggest the improvement measures as follows; First, the commercial banks, which handle trade finance fund, should improve the customs and practice of judge loan for SMEs. Second, the export volume counting rule for trade loan should harmonize between BOK's Rule and Foreign Trade Management Regulation under the Foreign Trade Act. Third, the processing trade and intermediate trade also can use the trade finance like other trade. Fourth, Trade finance should be in balance between export and import finance to defend the new protectionism. It means that the trade finance should expand to import in the certain conditions. Lastly, the related trade promotion agencies and their employees should improve their skills and abilities for handling trade finance.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2007

The biological and pathological states of lung, spleen, liver and kidneys are determined by nature and emotion of sorrow, anger, joy and pleasure, It is considered that the music, besides medicine or acupuncture, can be a way of treating as a therapeutics for the treatment of Sasangin's diseases. This study is to find out a way of music therapy for the treatment of Sasangin's diseases. The ways of music therapy in each constitution based on 'the great and small of Viscera and Bowels' and 'the exhale and inhale, the drawing in and sending out' are as follows: 1. In case of Soeumin, a skip going up melodic progression, dotted rhythm and the major triad harmonic progression are recommended to improve the Qi of warm Yang. 2. In case of Soyangin, in regular sequence down melodic progression, a sixteenth note and the minor triad harmonic progression are recommended to improve the Qi of cool Yin. 3. In case of Taeumin, in regular sequence going up melodic progression, a sixteenth note and the bright and active the major triad harmonic progression are recommended to improve the Qi of dispersing exhale. 4. In case of Taeyangin, a skip down melodic progression, a quarter note and a diminished triad harmonic progression are recommended to improve the Qi of gathering inhale.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.1044-1051
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose a new method to improve low light image. In order to improve the image quality of a night image with a moving object as much as the quality of a daytime image, the following tasks were performed. Firstly, we reduce the noisy of the input night image and improve the night image by the tone mapping method. Secondly, we segment the input night image into a foreground with motion and a background without motion. The motion is detected using both the difference between the current frame and the previous frame and the difference between the current frame and the night background image. The background region of the night image takes pixels from corresponding positions in the daytime image. The foreground regions of the night image take the pixels from the corresponding positions of the image which is improved by the tone mapping method. Experimental results show that the proposed method can improve the visual quality more clearly than the existing methods.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2013

To improve the physical properties, such as swelling and flexibility, of the cotton fiber, sodium hydroxide or cellulase was used for pretreatment before the beating process. Titanium dioxide was blended during beating process to improve the fibrillation of cotton fibers and even distribution of fillers to cotton fibers. Blending with titanium dioxide during beating process, led to improve the tensile strength and beating degree This treatment also improved the opacity, resulted by well dispersed titanium dioxide during blending. By the blending of titanium dioxide during beating process, similar impact of cotton fiber with cellulase or sodium hydroxide pretreatment was achieved. To improve the tensile strength and opacity of cotton paper simultaneously, titanium dioxide blending in during beating process was found as effective treatment.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2010

웹 어플리케이션의 원활한 유지보수를 위하여 소스 페이지의 가독성 향상은 필수적이다. CSS는 웹 페이지의 구성 요소 중에서 순수한 표현계층이지만 인라인 형태로 삽입되는 경우가 많고, 웹 개발도구에 의해 자동생성되기도 하는데, 이들은 전체 코드의 가독성과 UI 계층의 재사용성이 떨어지게 된다. 기존의 CSS 최적화 연구는 주로 사이즈 압축을 다루고 있어 재사용성이나 가독성에 초점을 맞추고 있지 않다. 본 논문에서는 CSS 가독성 및 재사용성 향상을 위하여 CSS 코드를 구조화하고, 가독성 향상을 위한 기준을 정의하였다. 이들을 기반으로 최종적으로 CSS 코드의 가독성을 높이는 알고리즘을 제안하고, 예제 및 실험을 통하여 본 접근법의 유용성을 보인다.