• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.481-486
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• 2021

기계학습 알고리즘은 기준 함수를 채택하여 데이터를 처리하고 학습 모델을 유도한다. 군집분석에서 사용하는 기준 함수는 어떤 형태로든지 선호성을 내포하게 되고 이를 통해 유사한 데이터끼리 묶어 준 후 이를 구성하는 변수와 값들을 특정하여 군집을 정의하게 된다. 군집분석에서 사용하는 카테고리 유용도와 분할 유용도 점수가 군집분석 결과물에 어떤 영향을 주는지를 파악하고 이들이 결과에 어떤 편향성으로 이어지는지를 분석한다. 본 연구는 군집분석에 사용되는 기준 함수의 특성에 따라 결과에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해 여러 데이터 세트를 이용해 실험하고 결과를 평가한다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.28-36
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• 2002

The main purpose of this study was to estimate a new regression model to explain the relationship between urban forest and air temperature in summer, 2001. This study consists of two parts: correlation coefficient analysis and regression analysis. According to correlation coefficient analysis, thermal infra-red radiations of the major land use categories found significant difference in each category. However there were no significant relationship between the data (thermal infra-red radiation and NDVI) derived from Landsat-7 ETM+ image and air temperature at Automatic Weather Stations(AWSs). After estimating various regression models for summer air temperature, the final models were chosen. The final regression models consisted of two variables such as forest m and traffic facilities area. The regression models explained over 78% of the variability in air temperatures. The regression models with variables of forest area and traffic facilities area showed that the coefficient of the first variable was even more significant than the second one. However, the negative impact of the traffic facilities area was slightly greater than the positive impact of the forest area. Consequently, the effects of forest area and traffic facilities area were apparent to explain summer air temperature in Seoul. Therefore two policies have the most important implications to mitigate the summer air temperature in Seoul: to expand and to conserve the urban forest; and to change the Oafnc facilities'characteristics. The results from this study are expected to be useful not merely in informing the public that urban forest mitigates summer air temperahne, but in urging the necessity of budgets for trees and managing urban forests. It is recommended that field swey of summer air temperature be Performed for the vadidation of the models. The main purpose of this study was to estimate a new regression model to explain the relationship between urban forest and air temperature in summer, 2001. This study consists of two parts: correlation coefficient analysis and regression analysis. According to correlation coefficient analysis, thermal infra-red radiations of the major land use categories found significant difference in each category. However there were no significant relationship between the data (thermal infra-red radiation and NDVI) derived from Landsat-7 ETM+ image and air temperature at Automatic Weather Stations(AWSs). After estimating various regression models for summer air temperature, the final models were chosen. The final regression models consisted of two variables such as forest m and traffic facilities area. The regression models explained over 78% of the variability in air temperatures. The regression models with variables of forest area and traffic facilities area showed that the coefficient of the first variable was even more significant than the second one. However, the negative impact of the traffic facilities area was slightly greater than the positive impact of the forest area. Consequently, the effects of forest area and traffic facilities area were apparent to explain summer air temperature in Seoul. Therefore two policies have the most important implications to mitigate the summer air temperature in Seoul: to expand and to conserve the urban forest; and to change the traffic facilities'characteristics. The results from this study are expected to be useful not merely in informing the public that urban forest mitigates summer air temperature, but in urging the necessity of budgets for trees and managing urban forests. It is recommended that field survey of summer air temperature be Performed for the vadidation of the models.

• 암석학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.145-152
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• 2014

지질유산은 보전가치를 가지는 지질기록들을 총칭하며 지질유산의 보전을 위해서는 지질노두에 대한 조사와 평가가 수행되어야 한다. 각종 개발사업으로부터 지질유산이 훼손되는 것을 방지하기 위한 방안의 하나로서 지질노두에 대해 조사표와 평가표를 작성하여 데이터베이스를 구축함으로써 환경영향평가에 활용하도록 하는 방안을 제안한다. 지질노두 조사표의 내용은 조사지역, 분야, 세부분야, 위치, 규모, 특징, 사진 및 설명, 조사자로 구성되어 있다. 지질노두 평가표는 평가유형, 세부평가, 종합평가, 최종평가등급으로 구성된다. 평가유형은 학술, 교육, 경관으로 구분된다. 학술교육 분야는 대표성, 희소성, 다양성, 전형성을 세부항목으로 평가한다. 지형경관 분야는 특이성, 심미성, 자연성을 세부항목으로 평가한다. 최종평가등급은 5개 등급으로 구분되며 1등급은 보전가치가 가장 높은 등급으로 절대보전을 요한다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.479-489
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• 2021

Background: During 2011, a study was undertaken to assess safety conditions in Serbian underground coalmines by analysis of injury data. The study covered all Serbian coalmines, identified week spots from the aspect of safety, and recommended possible courses of action. Since then, Serbia has made changes to safety and health legislation; all coalmines introduced new preventive measures, adopted international standards, and made procedures for risk management. After 10 years a new study has been performed to analyze the impact of these changes. Materials and methods: In this study, the injuries that have occurred in the Serbian underground coal mines over the last 20 years were analyzed. Statistical data analysis was performed by IBM SPSS Statistics v23. The injuries that occurred in the last ten years were compared with the results of the previous study (2000-2009). The average values of injury rates for both periods were compared for each of the categories (severity, age, body part, qualification), and the results were presented as absolute difference or percentile difference. Results: The results showed reduction in the number of injuries in the category of 20-30 years old workers, where the new training procedures for workers, which were set by mandatory legal regulations, certainly contributed. They also showed an increase in the number of injuries in the category of old workers, which indicates that the law did not have a positive effect on this category. Conclusion: The total number of injuries is still high; therefore, it is necessary to introduce mechanization and automation in mines and have a better policy for older workers who retire later nowadays.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.678-686
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• 2021

미소 짓는 얼굴은 친근하고 따뜻한 인상을 전달하여 대인 관계에 긍정적인 효과를 가져 온다. 그러나 고정관념내용모델과 따뜻함과 유능함 인상의 보상효과에 따르면 미소를 짓는 표정은 타인에게 따뜻한 인상을 전해주지만, 반대 차원의 인상인 유능함에 대한 부정적 평가를 가져올 수 있다. 본 연구는 따뜻함과 유능함 인상평가의 상호 보상효과를 고가 제품군 브랜드의 소셜미디어 광고에 응용하였다. 구체적으로는 미소를 띠는 광고모델로 인해 브랜드의 따뜻함 인상이 증가하고 이는 소비자의 구매의도에 부정적인 영향을 끼칠 수 있음을 소비자의 자기해석 수준을 이용하여 살펴보았다. 분석 결과, 미소를 띠는 모델이 사용된 광고에 노출될 때, 독립적 자기해석을 하는 소비자는 상호의존적 자기해석 소비자보다 낮은 구매의도를 보여준 반면, 미소를 띠지 않은 모델이 사용된 광고에 대해서는 의존적 자기해석을 하는 소비자가 독립적 자기해석 소비자보다 낮은 구매의도를 보여주었다. 따라서 고가 제품군 브랜드 광고에 기용된 모델의 미소가 소비자의 구매의도에 미치는 영향에서 소비자의 자기해석 수준이 조절변수로 작용함이 증명되었다. 본 연구는 고가 제품군 브랜드 광고의 효과적인 광고모델 전략에 대한 이론적, 실무적 시사점을 제공하고자 한다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.153-163
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the quality of life of clients who treated and equipped prosthesis in Eulji University Hospital in Dae-Jun City. The results of this study were as follows. The oral status of Female had more carious tooth than male had. Carious tooth(p<0.05) and losed tooth(p<0.001) was more popular in older female. The frequency of treated tooth was higher under 59 years old female than over 60 years old(p<0.01). In education category, carious tooth(p<0.05) and losed tooth(p<0.000) was more popular in low education than high education In the score of relation of OHIP-14 category and general characteristic, female was significantly higher than male in dysfunction( p<0.05), physical disorder(p<0.001) and activity disorder(p<0.05). The score was significantly higher in older than younger in dysfunction(p<0.05), physical disorder(p<0.001) and activity disorder(p<0.001). The score of education was significantly higher in low education group than high education group in physical pain (p<0.001), mental discomfort (p<0.001). The score of marriage status was significantly higher in marriaged group than other group in dysfunction (p<0.05) and mental discomfort (p<0.05). In the score of relation of OHIP-14 category and oral status, the score of carious tooth group was significantly higher in dysfunction(p<0.05), physical disorder(p<0.05) and activity disorder(p<0.05). The score of losed tooth group was significantly higher in dysfunction(p<0.05), physical pain (p<0.05), mental discomfort(p<0.05), physical disorder(p<0.05) and activity disorder(p<0.01). The score of non treated tooth group was significantly higher in dysfunction(p<0.05), mental discomfort(p<0.05), social disorder(p<0.05) and activity disorder(p<0.05). In the score of relation of OHIP-14 category and the sort of prosthesis, the score of being bridge group was significantly higher than being crown group in activity disorder(p<0.05). The OHIP-14 category and the number of prosthesis was not significant relationship. These results suggest that the information and services of the process of dental prosthesis based on subjective evaluation should be provided to clients rather than based on clinical evaluation. The continued system of oral management should be developed and provided.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.395-407
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• 2016

본 연구는 G-Theory를 적용하여 태권도 품새 평가항목에 대한 채점자 간 평가점수의 신뢰도를 추정하기 위해 G-연구로 경기일 수, 채점자 수를 다중오차원으로 선정하고 이들 변인간의 상호작용으로 인한 오차변량의 상대적 크기에 의해 오차원을 분석하고, G-연구의 결과를 토대로 D-연구를 수행하여 최적의 측정조건을 결정하는 데 목적이 있다. 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. G-Theory를 적용하여 태권도 품새 평가항목 중 정확성에 대해 분산성분 추정치를 추정한 결과, 오차의 영향력은 채점자국면에서 가장 크게 나타났으며, 각 설계에 따른 상호효과 (피험자 내), 피험자 간 순서였으며, 표현성 평가항목에 대한 분산성분 추정치 오차의 영향력은 상호효과 (피험자 내)국면에서 가장 크게 나타났으며, 각 설계에 따른 피험자 간, 채점자 국면 순으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 D-연구를 통하여 일반화가능도계수를 추정한 결과, 채점자 수에 따른 최적수준의 측정조건은 정확성 평가항목에서 8명의 채점자일 때 안정적인 신뢰도를 얻을 수 있으며, 표현성 평가항목에서는 7명의 채점자일 때 안정적인 신뢰도를 얻었다.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.115-123
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• 2005

본 논문은 PET의 하나인 물질재활용에 대해 전과정평가기법을 이용하여 환경성을 평가하였다. 이를 위하여 국내에서 재생업체를 대상으로 데이터를 수집하여 목록분석을 실시한 후 Eco-Indicator 95의 영향평가방법을 사용하여 각 영향범주별 환경영향을 분석하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 폐플라스틱의 물질재활용공정에서 가장 영향을 미치는 것은 지구온난화로 밝혀졌다. 이는 폐플라스틱인 PET에 대해 물질재활용의 각 단위공정별 환경영향평가 결과에서 전력과 에너지를 가장 많이 사용하는 용융 및 재생원료화공정의 환경부하가 매우 높기 때문인 것으로 나타났다. 환경오염물질 배출량을 살펴보면 $CO_2$가 매우 높은 비중을 차지하였으며, 그 다음은 NOx이었다. 이는 전력사용과 수송과정의 경유사용에 기인한 것이다. 폐플라스틱의 물질재활용에 대한 영향평가결과는 오존층 파괴의 영향을 제외한 거의 모든 영향범주들이 음(-) 값이며 이는 환경성이 매우 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 또한, PET를 물질재활공정과 이를 다시 재생원료로서 사용할 경우를 비교할 때 환경부하삭감효과는 매우 크게 나타났다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.271-277
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• 2006

In this study, we investigated the applicable plan of GIS on the environmental impact assessment of 60 Hz Powerline. So we assessed distance data based on calculations by use of 2D and 3D Geographical information systems(GIS) and distance data based on measurements on 1: 5000 maps accord with on site distance measurements to use input data for calculating magnetic field. One hundred eight of the on site measured addresses were selected from residences. The data were achieved by measuring the distance between residence and power line on maps with scales of 1: 5000. The digital map was obtained from National Geographic Information Institute with scales of 1: 5000, and we made 2D and 3D map. Correlation analyses were performed for statistical analyses. For the 3D GIS versus on site comparison of different exposure categories, 70 of 108 measurements were assigned to the correct category. Similarly for 2D GIS versus on site comparison, 71 of 108 were correctly categorized. When comparing map measurement with on site measurement, 62 of 108 were correctly categorized. When the correlation analysis was performed, best correlation was found between 3D GIS and on site measurements with r = 0.84947 (p<0.0001). The correlation between map and on site measurement yielded an r of 0.76517 (p<0.0001). Since the GIS measurements and map measurement were made from the center point in the building and the on site measurements had to be made from the closest wall on the building, this might introduce and additional error in urban areas. The difference between 2D and 3D calculations were resulted from the height of buildings.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2008

Recently a new technology called the flexible-fiber deep-bed filter (FDF) claimed to replace the conventional sand filter including coagulation and sedimentation filter (CSF) processes in the water treatment plant. Therefore the life cycle assessment (LCA) approach was applied for evaluating the life cycle impacts of FDF compared with those of CSF. The used LCA softwares were the Simapro 6 and PASS and their life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) methodologies were the Eco-indicator 99 and the Korean Eco-indicator, respectively. The goal of this LCA was to identify environmental loads of CSF and FDF from raw material to disposal stages. The scopes of the systems have been determined based on the experiences of existing CSF and FDF. The function was to remove suspended solids by filtration and the functional unit was $1\;m^3$/day. Both systems showed that most environmental impacts were occurred during the operation stage. To reduce the environmental impacts the coagulants and electricity consumptions need to be cut down. If the CSF was replaced with the FDF, the environmental impacts would be reduced in most of the impact categories. The LCA results of Korean Eco-indicator and Eco- indicator99 were quite different from each other due to the indwelling differences such as category indicators, impact categories, characterization factors, normalization values and weighting factors. This study showed that the life cycle assessment could be a valuable tool for evaluating the environmental impact of the new technology which was introduced in water treatment process.