• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.332-342
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• 1995

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of various factors on the therapeutic effect of the I-131 labeled anti-carcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibody(anti-CEA antibody). Tetrazolium-based colorimetric assay (MTT) was used to compare in vitro cytotoxicity of 3 Korean colon cancer cell lines (SNU-C2A, SNU-C4, SNU-C5) for selection of proper 2 cell lines in this study. The changes of the size of tumor which was xenografted to nude mice (balb/c nu/nu) were compared in 4 groups (group treated I-131 labeled anti-CEA antibody, group treated with non-radiolabeled anti-CEA antibody, group treated with I-131 labeled anti-human chorionic gonadotropin monoclonal antibody (anti-hCG antibody) as nonspecific antibody, and group injected with normal saline as a control). Immunohistochemical staining and in vivo autoradiography were performed after excision of the xenografted tumor. The results were as below mentioned. The in vitro cytotoxic effect of I-131 labeled anti-CEA antibody is most prominent in SNU-C5 cell line between 3 cancer cell lines. The changes of xenografted tumor size in both SNU-C4 and SNU-5S cell tumors at the thirteenth day after injection of the antibodies were smallest in the group treated with I-131 labeled anti-CEA antibody (SNU-C4/SNU-C5; 324/342%) comparing with other groups, group treated with anti-CEA antibody (622/660%), group treated with I-131 anti-hCG antibody (538/546%), and control group(1030/724%)(P<0.02 in SNU-C4 and P<0.1 in SNU-C5 at the 13th day after injection of antibodies). On the thirteenth day after injection of the antibodies nude mice were sacreficed to count the radiouptake of tumor and to check the changes of tumor size. Correlations between radiouptake and change of tumor size were calculated in each groups and significant negative correlation was only obtained in the group treated with I-131 anti-CEA antibody (p<0.05). There were no correlations between antigenic expression of carcinoembryonic antigen and distribution of anti-CEA antibody in both SNU-C4 and SNU-C5 cell tumors on immunoperoxidase staining. On in vivo autoradiography the distributions of anti-CEA antibody were heterogeneous and the intensities of binding were various in SNU-C4 and SNU-C5 cell tumors. It is concluded that I-131 labeled tumor-specific monoclonal antibody, anti-CEA antibody is effective in suppressing the xenografted tumor growth and the effect is influenced by sensitivity of tumor cell itself to the radiolabeled antibody and other local factors instead of specificity of antibody.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.91-105
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• 2002

Urea transport in the kidney is mediated by a family of transporter proteins that includes renal urea transporters (UT-A) and erythrocyte urea transporters (UT-B). The cDNA of five isoforms of rat UT-A, UTA1, UT-A2, UT-A3, UT-A4, and UT-A5 have been cloned. The purpose of this study was to examine the expression of UT-A (L194), which marked UT-A1, UT-A2 and UT-A4. Male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing approximately 200 g, were divided into three group: control rats had free access to water, dehydrated rats were deprived of water for 3 d, and water loaded rats had free access to 3% sucrose water for 3 d before being killed. The kidneys were preserved by in vivo perfusion through the abdominal aorta with the 2% paraformaldehyde-lysine- periodate (PLP) or 8% paraformaldehyde solution for 10 min. The sections were processed for immunohistochemical studies using pre-embedding immunoperoxidase method and immunogold method. In the normal rat kidney, UT-A1 was expressed intensely in the cytoplasm of the inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) cell and UT-A2 was expressed on the plasma membrane of the terminal portion of the shortloop descending thin limb (DTL) cells (type I epithelium) and of the long-loop DTL cells (type II epithelium) in the initial part of the inner medulla. Immunoreactivity for UT-A1 in the IMCD cells, was decreased in dehydrated animals whereas strongly increased in water loaded animals compared with control animals. In the short-loop DTL, immunoreactivity for UT-A2 was increased in intensity in both dehydrated and water loaded groups. However, in the long-loop DTL of the outer part of the inner medulla, immunoreactivity for UT-A2 was markedly increase in intensity in dehydrated group, but not in water loaded group. In conclusion, in the rat kidney, UT-A1 is located in the cytoplasm of IMCD cells, whereas UT-A2 is located in the plasma membrane of both the short-and long-loop DTL cells. Immunohistochemistry studies revealed that UT-A1 and UT-A2 may have a different role in urea transport and are regulated by different mechanisms.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.478-487
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• 1999

Background : Differential diagnosis of pleural malignant mesothelioma from secondary metastatic adenocarcinoma is often difficult. A variety of pathologic techniques have been developed to make a differential diagnosis of carcinoma from mesothelioma. Immunohistochemistry detecting diverse antigenic substances such as CEA, Leu-M1, Bn-3, S-100 protein, vimentin, CK and EMA has been claimed to be of value as a panel in the differential diagnosis of adenocarcinoma from mesothelioma. The aim of this study was to investigate the suitable antibodies to distinguish mesothelioma from metastatic adenocarcinoma and establish candidate markers in a panel. Methods : Complete, one-hour immunohistochemical staining using antibodies against cytokeratin (CK), epithelial membrane antigen(EMA), S-100 protein, vimentin, B72-3, Leu-M1, and carcino-embryonic antigen(CEA) was applied to cell blocks from 7 mesotheliomas and 7 adenocarcinomas which were confirmed by electron microscopic and histpathologic methods. Results : All adenocarcinomas and 71.4% of mesotheliomas expressed the cytokeratin and EMA. S-100 protein and vimentin were expressed in 57.1% and 42.9% of mesotheliomas and 14.3% and 28.5% of adenocarcinomas, respectively. B72-3 was expressed in all adenocarcinomas, but in none of mesotheliomas. Leu-M1 was positive in 71.4% of the adenocarcinoma and 14.3% of the mesotheliomas. CEA was positive in all adenocarcinomas and 42.9% of mesotheliomas. Leu-M1 and B72-3 were coexpressed in 71.4% of adenocarcinomas but in none of mesothelioma. B72-3 and CEA were coexpressed in all adenocarcinomas, but in none of mesotheliomas. Conclusion : We concluded that B72-3 immunohistochemistry or panel staining of B72-3 and CEA could be recommanded for the differential diagnosis of pleural mesothelioma from metastatic adenocarcinoma.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.339-354
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• 1991

Localization and characterization of the antigenic components of sparganum which induced IgG and IsM antibodies in the host were studied by immunohistochemical techniques and SDS-PAGT and Western blotting. The antigen recognized by IgG antibody of rats or mice which were immunised by infection or injection of crude extracts of metacestodes of Spirometra erinacei, was located in the parenchyme of sparganum, especially at the cortex and around the calcareous corpuscles. The immunoreaction was demonstrated not only in the encysted fibrous wall of host but around the arterioles or venules in the connective tissue of host. The antigen recognized by IgM antibody of rats or mice was also observed in the parenchyme of sparganum and in the connective tissue of host. By 5∼20% gradient SDS-PAGE and EIBT, we detected antigenic components by IgG and 1gG antibodies of the rat or mouse immunized by infection or injection of crude extract of spargana. Twenty-three antigenic bands from crude extracts of spargana were recognized by IgG antibody and 15 components by IgM antibody of immunized rats. Out of the bands recognized by IgG and IgM antibodies, 15 were cross-reacted each other. Twenty components of eBlcretory-secretory proteins from spargana were recognized by IgG, and 5 components by IgM antibody of immunized rats. By IgG and IgM antibodies of immunized mice, 16 components of crude extracts were recognized by IgG antibody and 9 components by IgM antibody. Twenty components of excretory-secretory preparation were recognized by IgG antibody and 5 components by IgM antibody. Thirteen components of crude extracts were cross-reacted by IgG antibody of rats and mice.