• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.669-674
• /
• 2001

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of Hangamdan(Kangaidan) on 60 patients who have suffered from breast cancer. Methods: Hangamdan(Kangaidan) was administered to patients for over 1 months continuously. We checked improvement of clinical symptoms, changes of chemistry hematological test. Results: The results obtained are summarized as follows. Hangamdan(Kangaidan) has significant effect on the improvement of clinical symptoms. The effects of maintenance and improvement in the symptoms with traditional oriental therapy(83.3%) and combined treatment of western and oriental therapy(92.1%) were observed. The effects of the symptoms were diarrhea(37.3%), abdominal pain (25.3%), general body weakness(22.9%), nausea(20.5%) and etc. in orders. And analysis of hematology attached by breast cancer, maintenance and increasing of WBC(89.9%), RBC(74.7%), Hgb(81.1%), Platelet(92.4%) were observed. After taken Hangamdan(Kangaidan), maintenance and decreasing of AST(85.9%), ALT(94.8%), ${\gamma}$-GTP(87.5%), BUN(88.3%), Creatinine(90.9%) were observed. And increasing of IL-12(25%), IFN-${\gamma}$(83%) were observed. Conclusions: From the above results, it is suggested that Hangamdan(Kangaidan) have significant effects on recovery of immune modulation.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제48권4호
• /
• pp.378-383
• /
• 2016

본 연구에서는 퉁퉁마디 추출물의 용매 분획을 통해 얻은 Fr.H, Fr.E, Fr.EA, Fr.B, 및 Fr.W, 분획의 인간 단핵구 THP-1 세포에 대한 면역조절 활성과 정상 장관계 세포 및 장관계 암세포를 이용하여 면역세포와 장관상피 세포의 상호작용에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. THP-1 세포는 PMA에 의해 분화가 진행되었으며 분화된 THP-1 세포는 LPS에 의해 활성화되어 COX-2 단백질 발현이 유도 되었다. 퉁퉁마디 분획은 분화된 THP-1 세포에서 COX-2, iNOS, 및 $cPLA_2$ 발현에는 영향을 미치지 않았으나, 분획 중 Fr.E는 LPS에 의해 유도된 COX-2의 발현을 유의적으로 증가시켰다. 분화된 THP-1에서 퉁퉁마디 분획을 처리하여 얻은 배양액은 INT-407 정상 장관계 세포의 성장을 촉진한 반면, HT-29 대장암 세포에는 영향을 미치지 않거나 성장 억제 활성을 나타내었다. THP-1에 LPS를 처리한 배양액은 HT-29 세포의 COX-2 발현을 유도하였으며 이러한 LPS의 효과는 Fr.E의 처리에 의해 억제되었다. 본 연구에서는 면역세포와 장관계 세포 간의 상호작용에 미치는 퉁퉁마디 분획의 영향을 조사하여 이를 통한 면역조절 활성을 나타낼 수 있음을 보였으며, 면역조절 기능성 소재로서의 퉁퉁마디의 이용성 확대를 위한 기본 정보를 제공하고자 하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권10호
• /
• pp.4197-4201
• /
• 2014

Minor trauma to the uterine cervix is supposed to induce local immunity to prevent cervical lesions caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. This study aimed to investigate the local cervical immunity in women with low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) and effects of abrasion after cryosurgery or Pap smear. One hundred women with LSIL and known results of HPV detection were recruited. HPV positive women were randomly divided according to abrasion into cryotherapy and Pap smear observation groups. Cervical tissues and cervico-vaginal lavage (CVL) were collected at 6 and 12 months after allocation. The levels of cytokines at first recruitment were compared with cytokine levels at 6 months after abrasions. The mRNA of IFN-${\gamma}$, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-10 in cervical tissues and these cytokines secreted in CVL were determined using real time PCR and ELISA, respectively. Anti-HPV16 IgG and IgA antibodies in CVL were assessed by western blotting. At first recruitment of women with LSIL (100 cases), IL-10 mRNA and cytokine in HPV positive group (60 cases) was significantly higher than negative group (40 cases). IFN-${\gamma}$ and TNF-${\alpha}$ mRNA level in both groups were comparable but their secretions in CVL were significantly increased in HPV negative group. After abrasion for 6 months in HPV-positive women, all mRNA and secreted cytokines were changed, but no significant difference was observed between cryotherapy and observation groups. When individuals were compared between first recruitment and after abrasion for 6 months, IFN-${\gamma}$ mRNA and anti-HPV16 L1 IgA antibodies were significantly increased in the cryotherapy group. The results suggest that modulation of local cervical immunities by abrasion might promote different effects in clearance of HPV-related cytological abnormalities.

• 한국어류학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.61-69
• /
• 2011

멸종위기 어류 미호종개(Cobitis choii)로부터 중금속해독 단백질(metallothionein) 유전자를 분리, 클로닝하고 중금속 및 고온 스트레스에 대한 전사 발현 특정을 분석하였다. 미호종개 metallothionein는 gDNA, mRNA 및 아미노산 서열 모두에서 경골 어류 MT들의 구조적 특징을 잘 보전하고 있었으며, 생물정보분석을 통해 미호종개 MT 유전자 5'-upstream 영역은 중금속 조절, 면역 반응 및 온도 반응에 관여하는 다양한 전사 조절인자들의 부착 위치들을 포함하는 것으로 관찰되었다. 카드뮴(Cd), 구리(Cu), 니켈(Ni), 망간(Mn) 및 아연(Zn)을 이용한 침지 노출 실험(0.5 및 $1.0\;{\mu}M$; 24시간)에서 미호종개 MT mRNA 발현은 구리 및 카드뮴 처리군에서 가장 많이 유도되었고($1.0\;{\mu}M$ Cu 처리군에서 최대 10배), 망간 처리군에서는 비교적 적은 양의 MT 발현이 유도된 반면(2배), 아연 및 니켈 노출 군에서는 유의적인 MT 발현의 증감이 관찰되지 않았다. 또한 미호종개 MT 전사 발현은 고온 자극 ($25^{\circ}C$로부터 $31^{\circ}C$까지 증가)에도 민감하게 반응하는 것으로 나타나, $31^{\circ}C$ 도달시점에서 $25^{\circ}C$ 초기 MT mRNA 발현 수준보다 9배 높은 mRNA 발현이 관찰되었다. 본 연구 결과는 MT 기반의 유전자 발현 분석을 이용함으로써, 향후 멸종위기 어류 미호종개의 스트레스 반응 연구에 유용한 기초 자료를 제공할 수 있다고 기대된다.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.465-471
• /
• 2018

벌 화분은 오랫동안 전 세계적으로 이용되어 온 대체요법 중 하나이다. 벌 화분은 항진균 및 항균작용, 항암작용, 면역조절, 그리고 세포의 증식 등 다양한 생리활성을 갖고 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 설치류를 이용하여 벌 화분의 양성전립선비대증의 개선 효과를 밝히기 위해 진행되었다. 벌 화분은 활성 성분의 추출률을 극대화하고, 생체 흡수율을 높이기 위하여 나노 크기로 분쇄하여 이용하였다. 먼저, 나노 크기의 벌 화분은 만성 testosterone 투여에 의한 전립선 크기 증가를 유의하게 완화하였다. 게다가 나노 크기의 벌 화분은 혈중 전립선 특이 항원의 농도를 뚜렷하게 감소시켰다. 흥미롭게도 나노 크기의 벌 화분은 testosterone에 의한 혈중 prostaglandin $E_2$ 증가에는 유의한 영향을 미치지 않았다. 이러한 나노 크기 벌 화분의 약리 효능은 dutasteride의 효과와 유사하였다. 마지막으로 나노 크기의 벌 화분은 androgen-반응성 인간 전립선 샘암종 세포인 LNCaP 세포의 손상을 유도하지 않았다. 이러한 결과를 종합하면, 나노화 된 벌 화분은 양성전립선비대증의 치료에 대체요법으로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제29권6호
• /
• pp.1023-1029
• /
• 2016

정장작용, 면역체계 조절, 알레르기 저감, 콜레스테롤 경감 등 여러 기능적 효능이 알려진 프로바이오틱스 건강기능 식품이 증가하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기능성 커피 상품개발을 위하여 커피 배합에 최적인 probiotic 균주를 선발하고자 하였다. 국내외 유통 중인 동결건조커피에서 분리한 균주 1종, 발효유스타터로 사용되는 균주 8종, Bifidobacterium 1종, Bacillus coagulans 1종으로 동결건조 후 생존율, 커피 음용 환경 생존율, 내산성 및 내담즙성을 측정하였다. Bacillus coagulans는 초기균수 $2.4{\times}10^7cfu/g$에서 동결건조 후에도 $2.0{\times}10^7cfu/g$으로 높은 생존율을 나타냈고, 커피의 음용 환경, 내산성, 내담즙성 테스트에서도 대조균인 Lactobacillus casei 균에 비하여 우수한 생존율을 나타냈다. 특히, 내산성 테스트에서는 pH 1, 120분 조건에서 Bacillus coagulans이 대조군에 비하여 3.8배 높은 생존율을 나타냈다. 이에 포자형성을 특징으로 하는 유산생성 Bacillus coagulans 균제제를 기능성 커피 배합 및 상품화에 적합한 probiotic 균주로 판단하였다.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제47권1호
• /
• pp.83-93
• /
• 2020

Lactoferrin (LF) is an iron-binding glycoprotein that is present in colostrum, milk, and other body secretions. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of lactoferrin hydrolysates (LHs) on the production of immunomodulatory factors, including inflammatory related cytokines. The nuclear factor (NF)-κB reporter assay using human embryonic kidney 293 cells (HEK-293) revealed that NF-κB activity was significantly decreased by 1, 50, and 100 ㎍/mL of LH and the fractions above and below the 10 kDa LH. The mRNA expression of interferon (IFN)-γ in rat basophilic leukemia mast cells (RBL-2H3) treated with the fraction above the 10 kDa LH decreased in a dose-dependent manner, but the cells treated with LH and the fraction below the 10 kDa LH showed an increased expression of IFN-γ in a dose-dependent manner. The level of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression decreased dose-dependently in RBL-2H3 cells treated with LH and the fraction above the 10 kDa LH, but the cells treated with the fraction below the 10 kDa LH showed an increased COX-2 expression in a dose-dependent manner. The mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-4) was dose-dependently decreased by the fraction below the 10 kDa LH in human mast cells (HMC-1). The mRNA expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-6 were significantly dose-dependently decreased by the fractions above and below the 10 kDa LH, but was dose-dependently increased by LH. The production of IL-4 was a little increased by the fraction above the 10 kDa LH compared to the positive control, but was decreased with LH and the fraction below the 10 kDa LH in HMC-1 cells. It was concluded that LF hydrolysates had an immunomodulating effect on anti-, pro-inflammatory and anti-allergic reactions.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
• /
• 제10권6호
• /
• pp.219-229
• /
• 2010

Background: N-myc downstream regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) is a member of the NDRG gene family. Our previous report indicated a possible role for NDRG2 in regulating the cytokine, interleukin-10 (IL-10), which is an important immunosuppressive cytokine. Several pathways, including p38-MAPK, NF-${\kappa}B$, and JAK/STAT, are used for IL-10 production, and the JAK/STAT pathway can be inhibited in a negative feedback loop by the inducible protein, SOCS3. In the present study, we investigated the effect of NDRG2 gene expression on IL-10 signaling pathway that is modulated via SOCS3 and STAT3. Methods: We generated NDRG2-overexpressing U937 cell line (U937-NDRG2) and treated the cells with PMA to investigate the role of NDRG2 in IL-10 production. U937 cells were also transfected with SOCS3- or NDRG2-specific siRNAs to examine whether the knockdown of SOCS3 or NDRG2 influenced IL-10 expression. Lastly, STAT3 and SOCS3 induction was measured to identify the signaling pathway that was associated with IL-10 production. Results: RT-PCR and ELISA assays showed that IL-10 was increased in U937-mock cells upon stimulation with PMA, but IL-10 was inhibited by overexpression NDRG2. After PMA treatment, STAT3 phosphorylation was decreased in a time-dependent manner in U937-mock cells, whereas it was maintained in U937-NDRG2 cells. SOCS3 was markedly reduced in U937-NDRG2 cells compared with U937-mock cells. IL-10 production after PMA stimulation was reduced in U937 cells when SOCS3 was inhibited, but this effect was less severe when NDRG2 was inhibited. Conclusion: NDRG2 expression modulates SOCS3 and STAT3 activity, eventually leading to the inhibition of IL-10 production.

• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.304-320
• /
• 2007

목적 : 황기추출물이 생쥐의 5-FU로 유발된 골수억제와 삶의 질 저하의 개선에 미치는 효과를 연구하고자 한다. 방법 : 골수억제에 미치는 영향이 평가를 위해 Complete Blood Count, Histological Analysis of BM, Cell Colony Forming Assay for Hematopoietic Progenitor를 시행하고, 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위해 Swimming Test, Survival Rate, Nitric Oxide (NO) Assay, $^{51}Cr$ Release Assay in NK Cell, mRNA Expressions of $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, $TNF-{\alpha}$, $IFN-{\gamma}$, $TGF-{\beta}$ and GM-CSF in Spleen Cells를 시행하였다. 결과 : 황기추출물을 골수억제를 호전시켜 말초혈액수치를 회복시키고, 골수파괴를 보호하는 효과를 보이며, 대조군에 비해 혈구생성을 촉진시키며, 대조군에 비해 생존율과 수영시간을 증가시키며, 대식세포와 자연살상세포의 활동성을 증가시키며, 종양면역과 관련된 싸이토카인(IL-2, IL-6, $IFN-{\gamma}$)의 발현을 증가시켰다. 결론 : 5-FU로 유발된 골수억제와 삶의 질 저하의 개선에 미치는 황기추출물의 유용성이 기대되며 향후 이에 대한 지속적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.645-661
• /
• 2009

The water extract of Dohongsamul-Tang(DHSMT) has been traditionally used to stroke and brain injuries in Oriental Medicine. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of DHSMT on the gene expression profile of cerebral infarction by cDNA microarray in photothrombotic ischemia mouse model. Photothrombotic ischemia was induced in stereotactically held male BALB/c mice using rose bengal and cold light. MRI was performed 24 hours after inducing photothrombosis using 1.5 T MRI and 47 mm surface coil to obtain T2-weighted, and contrast-enhanced images. After MRI test, animal was sacrificed and the brain sections were stained for hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemistry. MRI and histological analysis revealed that lesion of thrombotic ischemia was well induced in the cortex with the evidence of biological courses of infarction. The target area of thrombotic infarction was 1 mm anterior to bregma and 3 mm lateral to midline with 2 mm in diameter, which were decreased by administration of DHSMT. To assess gene expression pattern of cerebral infarction, mRNA was isolated and reacted with microarray chip(Agilant's DNA Microarray 44K). Scatter and MA plot analysis were performed to clustering of each functional genes. M value [M=log2(R/G), A={log2(R ${\times}$ G)}/2] was between -0.5 and +0.5 with 40% difference. After pretreatment with DHSMT, the expression levels of mRNA of many genes involved in various signaling pathway such as apoptosis, cell cycle, cell proliferation, response to oxidative stress, immune response, angiogenesis, and inflammatory cytokine were markedly inhibited in photothrombotic ischemia lesion compared to the control group. These results suggest that DHSMT prevent ischemic death of brain on photothrombotic ischemia model of mice through modulation of gene expression at the transcriptional level.